Rice is one of the important plants in China. Do you know how to fertilize?

Rice is one of the important plants in China. Do you know how to fertilize?

Rice in China can be divided into early rice, middle rice and late rice. In the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, the sowing date of rice is related to the yield and quality of rice. When the general temperature reaches 6℃, sowing at 0℃ earlier will affect the germination rate and emergence rate of seeds, resulting in rice yield reduction. Early rice can be sown in March-April, middle rice can be sown in April-May every year, and late rice can be sown in summer and June.

Rice is very sensitive to nitrogen nutrition, which is the most important factor to determine rice yield. Rice has a high concentration of nitrogen all its life, which is the nutritional and physiological characteristics needed for high-yield rice. The absorption of nitrogen by rice has two obvious peaks. First, the tillering stage, that is, 2 weeks after transplanting; Secondly, 7-8 weeks after transplanting, if nitrogen supply is insufficient, it will often cause glume degeneration, which is not conducive to high yield.

The amount of phosphorus absorbed by rice is much lower than that of nitrogen fertilizer, and the average amount is about half of that of nitrogen fertilizer. Rice needs phosphorus at all growth stages, and its absorption law is similar to nitrogen nutrition. The absorption amount was the highest at seedling stage and tillering stage, and reached the peak about 3 weeks after transplantation. About 60% ~ 80% of phosphorus absorbed at seedling stage can be repeatedly transferred from aging organs to new organs during growth. When rice is yellow, about 60%-80% of phosphorus is transferred to the grain, and most of the phosphorus absorbed after heading remains in the root.

The basic principles of high-yield fertilization for rice are: paying attention to chemical fertilizer, combining organic fertilizer with inorganic fertilizer can significantly improve soil fertility, increase soil organic matter reserves, improve soil organic matter composition, increase soil nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace elements, strengthen soil fertility maintenance and supply, and improve soil physical properties and water status. Under high-yield cultivation conditions, green seedlings, lodging and rice blast are easy to occur, and the empty grain rate is increased. Therefore, it is necessary to adhere to the coordinated application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in fertilization. Suitable for fertilization and formula fertilization. The amount of fertilization should be appropriate and the proportion should be reasonable. According to the different fertility of different plots, determine the amount of fertilization to ensure high yield.

The paddy soils in northern China are mainly albic soil and meadow soil. Old rice fields absorb a lot of silicon from the soil every year, which leads to serious silicon deficiency in rice fields, poor growth of rice, slender stems, leaves changing from erect willow leaves to drooping willow leaves, more empty grains, and a decrease in 1000-grain weight, which is prone to lodging, rice blast, Chilo suppressalis and other pests and diseases. Silicon fertilizer is beneficial to improve rice photosynthesis. After absorbing silicon, rice can form silicified cells, enhance the strength of cell wall, make the plant mechanical tissue developed, plant type straight, stem and leaf upright. The angle between stem and leaf of rice is reduced by 25.4 degrees, which is beneficial to ventilation, light transmission and close planting, photosynthesis and organic matter accumulation of rice leaves.

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