Why do you say "the stock market is risky?" Be cautious when entering the market. " The answer is right. Give a high score! ! !

It's so long, I don't believe it's not detailed enough deceptious

Stock trading means buying and selling stocks, and making profits by doing stock business. Buying stocks is actually buying the ownership of the enterprise.

"The stock market is risky, so be cautious when entering the market" is something that every investor should keep in mind.

open an account

Investors who want to enter the market should open a securities account card in advance. Open Shenzhen securities account card and Shanghai securities account card respectively.

Investors can handle it through the local securities business department or securities registration institution, and they need to provide their valid identity documents and copies. If you entrust others, you also need to provide your ID card and a copy. In addition, if you choose a bank card as a fund account card, you need to go to the corresponding bank for bank-card docking or tripartite depository.

When opening an account, investors need to choose their own future trading methods and ways of accessing funds, and sign corresponding account opening procedures and agreements with the securities business department. For example: telephone entrustment, online trading, mobile phone stock trading, bank-securities transfer, etc.

trust

As shareholders, you can't buy and sell stocks directly in the stock exchange, but only through the members of the stock exchange, and the so-called members of the stock exchange are the usual securities operating institutions, that is, brokers. You can give orders to brokers to buy and sell stocks. This is called entrustment.

Entrustment must be based on transaction password or securities account. What needs to be pointed out here is that the legal entrustment in China's securities trading is the entrustment of price increase and decrease that takes effect on the same day. This means that the entrustment instructions issued by shareholders to securities firms must be clear: ① shareholder name ② fund card number ③ buy (or sell) ④ Shanghai (or Shenzhen) ⑤ stock name ⑧ stock code ⑧ entrusted price ⑧ entrusted quantity. And this entrustment is only valid on the day when the entrustment is issued. The abbreviation of stock is usually four or three Chinese characters, and the code of stock is six digits. The code and abbreviation of a stock must be consistent when it is entrusted for sale.

Trading rules

There are also certain regulations on the number of stocks to be bought and sold: that is, the number of stocks entrusted to the buyer must be an integer multiple of one hand (each hand 100 shares), but the number of stocks entrusted for sale must not be an integer multiple of 100 shares. The buying or selling price must be within 10% of yesterday's closing price.

Price priority and time priority are implemented in stock trading: stock is auctioned continuously. Since many investors may buy and sell the same stock at the same time, the exchange has formulated the principle of "price first, time first". If the current price of a stock is 5.66 yuan, if investor A enters the purchase price of 5.66 yuan and investor B enters the purchase price of 5.67 yuan at the same time, investor B's declaration takes precedence over investor A's declaration ... If the purchase prices declared by everyone are the same, the transaction will be made first. The same is true for selling stocks. If the current price of a stock is 5.66 yuan, A enters the selling price of 5.66 yuan, and B also enters the selling price of 5.65 yuan, then B's declaration takes precedence over A's declaration. If both parties enter the same selling price, then whoever declares first will make a deal first. This situation is more prominent when the share price of a stock suddenly rises sharply or suddenly falls sharply.

Entrustment mode

There are four ways of entrustment: counter delivery, telephone automatic entrustment, computer automatic entrustment and remote terminal entrustment.

1. Delivery of documents at the counter means that you bring your ID card and account card to the counter of the securities business department where you open a capital account to fill out the Power of Attorney for Buying and Selling Stocks, and then the counter staff will review and implement it.

2. Automatic entrustment by computer means that you personally enter the code, quantity and price of buying and selling stocks on the computer in the lobby of the securities business department, and the computer will execute your entrustment instructions.

3. Telephone automatic entrustment is to call the telephone automatic entrustment system at the counter of the securities business department where you open a capital account by telephone, and enter the code, quantity and price of the stock you want to buy and sell with the numbers and symbol keys on the telephone to complete the entrustment.

4. Remote terminal entrustment means that you send out buying or selling instructions through a remote terminal connected to the computer system of the securities counter or the Internet.

Except for the way that the counter staff confirms your identity, the other three ways are to confirm your identity through your transaction password, so be sure to keep your transaction password safe to avoid leakage and bring you unnecessary losses. After confirming the identity, the commission will be sent to the matching host of the exchange computer transaction. The matching host of the exchange checks the legality of the received entrustment, then determines the transaction price according to the bidding rules, automatically matches the transaction, and immediately sends the result to the securities company to let you know whether your entrustment has been closed. Entrustments that can't be closed are queued according to the principle of "price first, time first", waiting for the entrusted transactions that come in later. The entrustment that cannot be concluded on the same day will automatically become invalid, and the entrustment will be re-entrusted in the above way the next day.

Stock classification

According to the listing area, it can be divided into:

A shares

Also known as RMB common stock, circulating stock, public stock and common stock. Refers to the common stock registered in Chinese mainland and listed in Chinese mainland. Subscribe and trade in RMB.

B shares

Also known as RMB special stock. Refers to the special stock registered in Chinese mainland and listed in Chinese mainland. Indicate the face value in RMB, and can only subscribe and trade in foreign currency.

H shares

Also known as state-owned shares, it refers to the shares of state-owned enterprises listed in Hong Kong.

S shares

Refers to the shares of enterprises whose core business is mainly produced or operated in Chinese mainland, registered in Singapore or other countries and regions, but listed on the Singapore Stock Exchange.

N shares

Refers to foreign stocks registered in Chinese mainland and listed in new york.

In addition, according to the performance, it is also divided into:

ST shares

ST shares refer to stocks that have suffered losses for two consecutive years and have been specially treated by domestic listed companies; *ST refers to the stocks of domestic listed companies that have suffered losses for three consecutive years. Taking off the hat means that it used to be ST, but now it has been taken off.

Junk bonds/stocks

Losses or illegal operation of the company's stock.

blue chip stock

The company operates well, with good performance and earnings per share above 0.5 yuan.

blue chip stock

In the stock market, the shares of large companies that occupy an important leading position in their industries, have excellent performance, are active in trading and have rich dividends are called blue chips.

Select stocks

The process of stock investment analysis is divided into eight steps. In the analysis summary column, the analysis is synthesized to form a more comprehensive analysis result. The following is "eight steps to see"

The main contents of "Stock Model":

1. Advantage analysis: What does the company do? Is there a brand advantage? Is there a monopoly advantage? Is it an index stock?

2. Industry analysis: What is the industry prospect? What is its position in this industry?

3. Financial analysis: What is the profitability? What is the growth momentum? Is the product profitable? Can the product be exchanged for real money? Is the guarantee ratio high? Do major shareholders owe much?

4. Return analysis: Is the company's return to shareholders high? More money or more dividends? Is there a good dividend plan in the near future?

5. Main force analysis: Does the organization increase or decrease positions? Are the chips more concentrated or scattered? What is the ups and downs? What's the big deal?

6. Valuation analysis: Is the current stock price overvalued or undervalued?

7. Technical analysis: How has the unit performed recently? Where are the support and resistance levels?

8. Analysis summary: What is the analysis result? What are the variables?

Basic terms of stock trading

brisk market

There are more buyers than sellers in the stock market, and a bullish stock market is called a bull market.

bear market

Bear market is the antonym of bull market. There are more sellers than buyers in the stock market, and a bearish stock market is called a bear market.

opening prices

Opening refers to the first transaction of a security on each business day of a stock exchange, and the transaction price of the first transaction is the opening price of the day. According to the regulations of the Shanghai Stock Exchange, if there is no transaction within half an hour after the opening of the market, the opening price of the previous day is the opening price of that day. Sometimes, if a security has not been traded for several days, the stock exchange will put forward a guiding price according to the price trend of the securities entrusted by customers as the opening price after trading. The average price or average selling price on the first day of securities listing is the opening price.

Closing price

The closing price refers to the transaction price of the last transaction of a security before the end of one-day trading activities on the stock exchange. If there is no transaction on that day, the latest transaction price is taken as the closing price, because the closing price is the standard of the current market and the basis of the opening price of the next trading day, which can be used to predict the future securities market; Therefore, when analyzing the market, investors generally take the closing price as the calculation basis.

cite

Quote is the highest or lowest price paid by traders in the securities market for a certain period of time. Quotation represents the highest price that buyers and sellers are willing to pay. The buying price is the price at which the buyer is willing to buy a security, and the selling price is the price at which the seller is willing to sell. The order of quotation is customarily to quote first and then quote. In the stock exchange, there are four kinds of quotations: one is shouting, the other is gesturing, the third is filling in the declaration record form, and the fourth is inputting it into the computer display screen.

Major stocks

Leading stock index refers to the stock that has influence and appeal to other stocks in the same industry sector in the stock market speculation in a certain period, and its ups and downs often play a guiding and exemplary role in the ups and downs of other stocks in the same industry sector. The leading stock is not static, and its position can only be maintained for a period of time.

Large-cap and small-cap stocks

Generally, stocks with tradable share capital exceeding 1 100 million are called large-cap stocks; 50 million to 1 100 million stocks are called the mid-market; Less than 50 million shares are called small-cap stocks. As far as the price-earnings ratio is concerned, the price-earnings ratio of small-cap stocks is higher than that of mid-cap stocks, and mid-cap stocks are higher than that of large-cap stocks. Especially when the market is weak, there are more opportunities for small-cap stocks. In the bull market, large-cap stocks and mid-cap stocks are more suitable for the entry and exit of large funds, so stocks with large plates are more optimistic. Because of its large circulation and great influence on the index, it often becomes a tool for the market to adjust the index. Investors should choose individual stocks. Generally, small-cap stocks should be selected in bear markets and large-cap stocks should be selected in bull markets.

Price limit

Price limit means that the trading price of securities shall not exceed 10% relative to the closing price of the previous trading day, except for the securities on the first day of listing; Entrustment exceeding the price limit is invalid.

bull market

Long position means that investors are optimistic about the stock market and expect the stock price to be bullish, so they buy the stock at a low price and sell it when the stock rises to a certain price to obtain the difference income. Generally speaking, people usually call the stock market whose share price keeps rising for a long time a bull market. The main feature of stock price changes in bull market is a series of ups and downs.

bear market

Short position means that investors and stock traders think that the current stock price is high, but it is bad for the stock market prospect, and they expect the stock price to fall, so they sell the borrowed stock in time and buy it when the stock price falls to a certain price, so as to obtain the difference income. This trading method of selling before buying and earning the difference from it is called short position. People usually refer to the stock market with a long-term downward trend as a short market, and the changes of stock prices in the short market are characterized by a series of sharp declines and small increases.

(of stock market manipulation) selling

Speculators cut the stock price sharply first, causing a large number of small-scale stock investors (retail investors) to panic and sell stocks, and then the stock price rose to make a profit.

backup file

In the stock market, the stock price is on the rise, and finally reversed to a certain price because of the rapid rise of the stock price. This adjustment phenomenon is called retracement. Generally speaking, the retracement of stocks is less than the increase, and usually it returns to the original upward trend when it falls back to about one-third of the previous increase.

rebound

In the stock market, the stock price is in a downward trend, and the adjustment phenomenon that the stock price eventually reverses and rises to a certain price due to the rapid decline of the stock price is called rebound. Generally speaking, the rebound of stocks is less than the decline, usually when it rebounds to about one-third of the previous decline, it resumes its original downward trend.

Hold on for a long time

Investors predict that the stock price will rise, but their own funds are limited, so they can't buy a lot of stocks, so they pay a part of the deposit first, raise money from the bank through brokers to buy stocks, and then sell them when the stock price rises to a certain price to obtain the difference income.

underrate

Short selling means that investors predict that the stock price will fall, so they pay mortgage loans to brokers and borrow shares to sell first. When the stock price falls to a certain price, buy the stock, and then return the borrowed stock to get the difference income.

Dosado

That is, bulls kill bulls. Investors in the stock market generally believe that the stock price will rise that day, because everyone will grab a long hat to buy stocks. But the stock market backfired, and the stock price did not rise sharply, so it was impossible to sell the stock at a high price. Until the end of the stock market, stock holders rushed to sell, which led to a sharp drop in the stock market closing price.

difficult position

That is, short selling. Stock holders in the stock market agreed that the stock would plummet that day, so most people rushed to sell short hats to sell stocks. But the stock price didn't plummet that day, and they couldn't buy stocks at a low price. Before the stock market closed, short sellers had to compete to make up their positions, which led to a sharp rise in the closing price.

Be hung up

Refers to the trading risks encountered in stock trading. For example, investors expect the stock price to rise, but the stock price has been falling after buying. This phenomenon is called long locking. On the contrary, investors expect the stock price to fall and short the borrowed stock, but the stock price has been rising. This phenomenon is called short selling.

Tax bureau outpost

The stock market is influenced by bullish information. When the stock price rises to a certain price, the bulls think it is profitable and sell it in large quantities, so that the stock price stops rising or even falls back. In the stock market, the price when encountering resistance is generally called a level, and the level when the stock price rises is called a resistance line.

Support line

The stock market is affected by bad news. When the stock price falls to a certain price, bears think it is profitable and buy a lot of stocks, so that the stock price will not fall or even rise. The checkpoint when the stock price falls is called the support line.

Business?Hours?

Trading can be started at 9: 15 every day, and the rest time is at noon11:30-13: 00, and it will start again at13: 00 in the afternoon and end at 15: 00.

The specific trading time is:

The trading hours of Shenzhen and Shanghai Stock Exchanges are from Monday to Friday.

The morning is Qianshi, and 9: 15 to 9: 25 is call auction time.

9: 30 to 1 1: 30 is the continuous bidding time.

The afternoon is from 13: 00 to 15: 00, which is a continuous bidding time.

Sabbath

Trading is not allowed on Saturdays, Sundays and rest days announced by this Exchange. (Generally, it is national legal holidays such as May Day, November Day and Spring Festival)

Wang Jizhou, an insider, said, "If you have never bought stocks, if the reason for opening an account is to make money, not to support the construction of the stock market, then you must abide by the military regulations." He suggested that new shareholders and prospective shareholders who are going to enter the market must keep in mind the 15 catch-up:

1. Never trust economists' predictions about the stock market;

2. Never trust the stock review "teacher" of TV station;

3. If you don't know when to publish the annual report every year and when to hold the shareholders' meeting to decide the dividend, the only way is to make up lessons quickly, because that means the market;

4. If you don't know the specific difference between warrants and stocks, the wisest way is not to buy warrants before you really know them;

If your goal is to earn 10%, it's easy to do. If your goal is to double the stock price, you'd better wake up.

6. When you start to make money, when you are more and more tough, you should realize in time that "your most dangerous time has arrived";

7. As long as the stock market exists, the banker will exist for one day, so don't be careless;

8. Never trust the long-term investment in China stock market. Unless you are sure that your nerve center is strong enough and tough enough for you to wait until the autumn harvest, it is most important to control your desires moderately;

9. Never pay attention to more than 30 stocks at the same time. 1 new investors pay attention to the results of 30 stocks at the same time, which is no different from 1 men marrying 30 wives at the same time.

10. No matter how much this stock has fallen today, don't put all your money in at once;

1 1. There will always be 40% cash in the account, which is the only ammunition for you to deal with a sudden plunge;

12. If you unfortunately buy a stock and it continues to fall, then when the decline exceeds 10%, you should consider not selling it, but continuing to buy it, contrary to the direction of most people;

13. At the moment when you are determined to become a shareholder, it is your obligation to take responsibility bravely. Don't blame society and government for losing money, because you never want to thank them when you make money;

14. Don't try to rob the fund manager of his job. You only need to study the industry rankings and earnings per share in a down-to-earth manner, and it is far more practical to "discover" the investment value of listed companies than to "explore" the investment value of companies-that is the job of fund managers;

15. Don't study MACD indicator theory, wave theory, three-line flowering theory, etc. These books are either written by Americans or by people who have withdrawn from the stock market at a loss. If you have studied them, you will always take these technical indicators as a reference, not a basis. K-line chart and volume chart are your only technical required courses.

New investors should never expect to get rich overnight. They should have a peaceful mind and create happiness in the stock market, not just make money in the stock market. If you buy stocks just to "make money", you have taken the wrong first step, because you will serve things with your heart. The original intention of many people in stock trading is to make a better life. If they become nervous because of stock trading, they might as well not stock trading.