Guangzhou mother pays attention to how to distinguish dengue fever from cold and fever.

During the National Day, there were more than 20,000 cases of dengue fever in Guangzhou. Presumably, mothers in Guangzhou are worried about their babies being infected. I want to remind mothers in the south that they must closely observe the baby's situation. Once a baby is infected with dengue fever, he should seek medical attention immediately. How can mom tell dengue fever from a cold? ...

During the National Day, there were more than 20,000 cases of dengue fever in Guangzhou. Presumably, mothers in Guangzhou are worried about their babies being infected. I want to remind mothers in the south that they must closely observe the baby's situation. Once a baby is infected with dengue fever, he should seek medical attention immediately. How does mother distinguish dengue fever from cold and fever? The doctor teaches you a simple method. Symptoms of dengue fever: sudden high fever+"three red signs"+"three pains".

As of 0: 00 on October 7th, 65438/kloc-0, there were 23 cases of dengue fever in Guangdong province, which was 2 1 times higher than the same period of last year, mainly concentrated in Guangzhou and Guangdong province 1963 1 case. The reporter learned that the emergency departments of most 3A hospitals in Guangzhou were "full" during the National Day holiday, and 80% of patients with fever were dengue fever. Many emergency doctors gave up their vacations and spent an unusually busy "Golden Week".

Dengue fever is a threat, and many readers have various questions: "Under what circumstances do you need to go to the hospital?" "If I am not dengue fever, will I be infected when I go to the hospital?" "Mild patients are isolated at home, will they be transmitted to their families?" "Will I get severe dengue fever?" ..... In view of the questions that readers are most concerned about, the reporter specially invited emergency doctors who fought in the front line of dengue fever treatment to give a comprehensive answer.

to be hospitalized/be admitted to hospital

Q: I have a fever. How do I know it's dengue fever and not the common cold?

A: Cai Xuequan, director of the zhujiang hospital Emergency Department of Southern Medical University, said that the fever caused by dengue fever is generally "high fever", and the body temperature can often reach 39℃ or even 40℃. In addition to fever, patients with dengue fever are often accompanied by bone pain, headache, muscle pain, rash, bleeding spots, and some patients may also have digestive tract symptoms such as diarrhea and stomachache. In addition to fever, the symptoms caused by a cold are often accompanied by "catarrh" symptoms such as stuffy nose, runny nose and cough. Readers can make a general judgment according to the differences of these symptoms. If you are not sure, you'd better go to the hospital and ask the doctor to help you diagnose.

Q: If I am not dengue fever, will I be infected if I go to the hospital for medical treatment?

A: Dengue fever is transmitted through mosquito bites, not through respiratory tract or contact. In other words, even if you face a dengue patient face to face, it doesn't mean that you will be infected. When mosquitoes bite this dengue fever patient and then bite you, you may also have dengue fever. Hospitals generally do not treat dengue patients in large wards, but in isolation wards. Moreover, the temperature of air conditioning in hospitals is generally lower. When the temperature is below 25℃, mosquitoes will run away. Some hospitals have also set up mosquito nets for dengue patients to prevent mosquitoes from having the chance to bite and spread, and patients do not have to worry about being infected when seeking medical treatment.

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Symptoms of dengue fever: sudden high fever+"three red signs"+"three pains"

Sudden high fever: rapid fever with chills, and the body temperature can reach 39℃ ~ 40℃ within 24 ~ 36 hours.

"Three Red Signs": flushing on the face, neck and chest, even conjunctival congestion, superficial lymphadenopathy, gums and other unprovoked bleeding.

"Three pains": the patient is accompanied by severe headache, orbital pain, muscle joint and bone pain, and the whole person feels tired, even nausea and vomiting.

take medicine

Q: Isn't it said that there is no "specific medicine" for dengue fever at present? If you go to the hospital, what medicine will the doctor prescribe?

A: Director Cai Xuequan said that dengue fever is caused by dengue virus and is "self-limited", which means that most healthy people will heal themselves after being infected for a period of time. However, when patients go to the hospital for medical treatment, doctors will still prescribe drugs according to symptoms, such as antipyretics, Chinese patent medicines for clearing away heat and toxic materials, and antiviral drugs, so as to alleviate the discomfort of patients. What I want to remind readers here is not to stop seeing a doctor because there is no "specific medicine". The more important significance of seeing a doctor is that the doctor can judge whether you have the possibility of developing into a serious disease.

Q: Are antipyretics useful for high fever caused by dengue fever?

Yes, it is. Ibuprofen antipyretics have the best effect at present. But after the antipyretic, the body temperature is likely to rebound again and needs to be taken again. Fever caused by dengue fever usually lasts for 3-5 days.

Q: I read in the newspaper that aspirin and metamizole can't be used to reduce fever. Why?

A: Dengue fever patients have low platelets and poor coagulation function. Although aspirin has a cooling effect, it also has an anticoagulant function. After taking it, it may aggravate bleeding and even cause massive bleeding.

Q: My father had a stroke, so he took aspirin all the year round. Now he has a fever. I wonder if it's dengue fever. Can he continue taking aspirin?

A: If you are not sure, you'd better not eat it first. It is recommended to go to the hospital for medical treatment. Doctors usually prescribe routine blood tests. If platelets are low, there is a great possibility of dengue fever.

Q: For patients with high fever, there are various folk tricks to reduce fever, such as scrubbing with cold or warm water, applying ice packs on their foreheads and armpits, or rubbing with 50% alcohol. Are these methods feasible?

A: Applying cold water, warm water and ice packs to the forehead and armpits can temporarily cool down and relieve symptoms, but alcohol bath is not recommended. Because rubbing with alcohol can cool the skin by dilating blood vessels and accelerating blood flow, patients with dengue fever have low platelets, which may bring the risk of subcutaneous bleeding, so we should pay attention to it.

be hospitalized

Q: If dengue fever is diagnosed, which situation can be isolated at home and which situation needs to be kept in hospital for observation?

A: Mild patients are generally isolated at home. If the condition is serious, the platelet is less than 500,000 and the white blood cell is less than 2,000, the doctor will ask to stay in the hospital for observation. In addition, if the patient may have severe dengue fever, the hospital will also ask the patient to stay in the hospital for observation so as to take timely countermeasures.

Severe bleeding may occur in severe cases, including subcutaneous hematoma, hematemesis, melena, hemorrhage, gross hematuria, intracranial hemorrhage, etc. Shocked; Major organ dysfunction or failure: liver injury, ARDS, acute heart failure, acute renal failure, encephalopathy (encephalitis, meningitis), etc. Severe patients may die if they are not treated in time.

Q: How will the hospital treat critically ill patients?

A: It is mainly about the support and treatment of important organs, the protection of kindness, lung, liver, kidney, blood transfusion and platelets to prevent bleeding.

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Which four types of people are prone to serious illness?

1, patients with basic diseases, such as hypertension, coronary heart disease, diabetes, immune diseases, etc. ;

2 obesity or severe malnutrition, as well as critically ill patients and patients after major surgery;

3. Pregnant women, babies or the elderly;

4. Patients with secondary infection.

Isolated at home &; Life protection

Q: My grandmother was diagnosed with dengue fever, and the doctor put her in isolation at home, but will she infect us, especially with a 3-year-old baby at home?

A: Conditional families can leave patients alone in a room. If there are no conditions, special attention should be paid to anti-mosquito measures, such as using mosquito nets, mosquito coils and mosquito repellent. Without mosquito bites, there is no route of transmission, which is equivalent to "isolation". For families with small babies, you can wear mosquito repellent or long-sleeved clothes and trousers when the baby is active, and use mosquito nets when sleeping. Of course, it is also very important to clean up the stagnant water in the home and prevent mosquitoes from breeding. If the accumulated water is unclear, after 10 days, the larvae in the water can become a pile of mosquitoes.

Q: Is the mosquito repellent sold in the market useful for mosquitoes that can spread dengue fever?

A: The mosquito that spreads dengue fever is called Aedes albopictus (commonly known as Aedes albopictus), and the mosquito repellent sold in the market is useful. If you don't have the conditions to apply mosquito repellent, you can wear long-sleeved clothes and trousers in the morning and evening when it is cool, and turn on the air conditioner to lower the room temperature when it is hot at noon. During the period of frequent occurrence of "spotted mosquitoes", it is particularly important to avoid staying in outdoor places such as shade, grass and gazebo. Mosquitoes that spread dengue fever generally move during the day, and the peak biting time is at 6 or 7 pm.

Q: Several colleagues around me have been tricked. Can you recommend something to prevent dengue fever?

A: It is recommended to rest more, drink more water and eat more fruits rich in vitamin C, which will help improve the body's immunity. Even if you are infected with dengue virus, you may not get sick or have mild symptoms.

Vaccine &; immune

Tips: Why are two consecutive years "Dengue Fever Year"?

Q: Is there a dengue vaccine now?

A: There is no preventive vaccine at present.

Q: I got dengue fever last year. Am I immune for life if I have antibodies, so I won't get them again?

A: There are four serotypes of dengue virus. If you are infected with antibodies produced by one of them, you will only have an immune effect on this type of dengue virus. If you are infected with another virus for the second time, the antibodies produced before will not only have no protective effect, but also have an "enhancement" effect, which may develop into severe dengue fever and even lead to death.

According to the characteristics of the spread of infectious diseases, after a high incidence year, it usually takes three or four years before there is another high incidence period. Guangzhou just experienced a "big year" last year, but this year, the dengue fever epidemic is once again high. Experts analyzed the following reasons-

Reason 1: There are many input cases. Tens of thousands of cases of dengue fever have been reported in Southeast Asia this year. Southeast Asia is a popular tourist destination for Guangzhou people. This year, the number of imported cases has advanced to 65438+ 10 month compared with previous years, and the number of imported cases has also increased significantly. Most of them are local residents who came back from Cambodia, Thailand, Malaysia and other places.

Reason 2: The climate is conducive to mosquito breeding. In recent months, it has been raining continuously in Guangzhou, and the accumulated water in the environment is not easy to be completely removed, which has created favorable conditions for mosquito breeding. A large number of imported sexually transmitted diseases and mosquitoes have greatly increased the probability of local transmission of dengue fever.