Safety information on fire prevention, waterproof and electricity prevention

1. Safety knowledge waterproof, fireproof and electricity-proof

Safety knowledge waterproof, fireproof and electricity-proof 1. Fire-proof, waterproof and electricity-proof knowledge

① Prevent playing with fire. Children are not allowed to enter the kitchen, and flammable kindling materials such as matches and lighters must not be played with by children. Teach children to be especially careful when playing with firecrackers and fireworks, and forbid children who are too young to play with these things. Let children know the dangers of playing with fire.

② don't play with water. Teach children not to twist the tap water switch. Play on the lake and the river, be in a safe zone, and never run around and jump, so as not to slip into the water.

③ don't play with electricity. Tell children not to touch and play with electrical products such as running electric fans, and not to touch electrical sockets.

④ Don't let children casually take knives, scissors or other sharp objects as toys. Teach children to use knives, scissors and other appliances correctly.

⑤ Avoid sports injuries. When children are playing sports or games, teach them to pay attention to the rules and proceed in order to avoid collision. Teach children not to play dangerous games.

2. Fire prevention and electricity prevention handwritten newspaper materials

Fire prevention essentials Primary school students are not allowed to play with fire, and they are not allowed to bring kindling with them: First, they are not allowed to bring kindling such as matches or lighters; Second, it is not allowed to ignite at will, and it is forbidden to use fire at flammable and explosive materials; Third, it is not allowed to set off firecrackers in public places, and it is not allowed to throw lit firecrackers around.

At the scene of the fire, minors such as primary school students should escape in an orderly manner. First, if there is a refuge floor or evacuation stairs, you can enter the refuge floor first or evacuate to a safe place by evacuation stairs.

second, if the floor is on fire, but the stairs have not been burned out, and the fire is not very fierce, you can put on a coat soaked with water and rush down from upstairs. Three, multi-storey building fire, such as the stairs have been burned out, or the fire has been quite fierce, you can use the balcony, downspout or bamboo pole to escape.

4. If all escape routes are cut off, you should retreat indoors and close the doors and windows. When conditions permit, water can be poured on the doors and windows to delay the spread of the fire.

At the same time, you can throw small things outdoors, and at night, you can use a flashlight to send out a distress signal. Five, such as life is seriously threatened, and there is no other way to save themselves, you can use rope or sheets to tear into strips and connect them, one end of which is tightly tied to a solid door and window lattice or other heavy objects, and then slide down along the rope or cloth.

6. If the above-mentioned self-help measures are unconditionally adopted, and the time is very tight and the threat of fireworks is serious, when you are forced to jump off a building, you can first throw some quilts and other things to the ground to increase the buffer, and then hold the windowsill down to reduce the jumping height and ensure that your feet land first. Seven, to carry forward the spirit of mutual assistance, to help the elderly, children and patients to give priority to evacuation.

people with mobility difficulties can be wrapped up with quilts, blankets, etc., and hung down with ropes and strips. Put out the fire at home in time, don't panic, and take corresponding measures in time according to the fire: if the oil pan catches fire while cooking, quickly cover the lid tightly, so that the oil fire in the pan is extinguished due to lack of oxygen, and it is not allowed to be put out with water.

when there is a fire in the room, doors and windows should not be easily opened to avoid air convection and a large-scale fire. When paper, wood or cloth catch fire, water can be used to put out the fire, while when electrical appliances, gasoline, alcohol and cooking oil catch fire, soil, sand mud and dry powder fire extinguishers can be used to put out the fire.

if the fire is serious, you must report the fire immediately. When trapped by fire, we should take different methods to get out of danger according to different situations.

if you lean down, cover your nose with a damp cloth.

3. knowledge of fire prevention, waterproof and electricity prevention

① prevent playing with fire.

Children are not allowed to enter the kitchen, and flammable kindling materials such as matches and lighters must not be played with by children. Teach children to be especially careful when playing with firecrackers and fireworks, and forbid children who are too young to play with these things.

let children know the dangers of playing with fire. ② Don't play with water.

teach children not to twist the tap water switch. Play on the lake and the river, be in a safe zone, and never run around and jump, so as not to slip into the water.

③ don't play with electricity. Tell children not to touch and play with electrical products such as running electric fans, and not to touch electrical sockets.

④ Don't let children casually take knives, scissors or other sharp objects as toys. Teach children to use knives, scissors and other appliances correctly.

⑤ Avoid sports injuries. When children are playing sports or games, teach them to pay attention to the rules and proceed in order to avoid collision.

educate children not to play dangerous games.

4. Picture of fire safety knowledge on campus

Campus is a public place where people are highly gathered. There are many teaching instruments, expensive scientific research equipment, large electricity consumption, various experiments, internship projects and flammable materials. Once a fire accident occurs, it will have a great impact and loss, which will directly affect the normal teaching and scientific research work.

Therefore, our school has attached great importance to campus fire prevention work for many years, and always put fire prevention work in the first place in all preventive work. Preventing campus fires is a long-term and unremitting work, and learning fire fighting knowledge is an indispensable lesson for middle school students during their school study.

In order to enhance the fire safety awareness of the students, clarify the fire safety responsibility and facilitate the students to learn fire safety knowledge, we edited this book "Common Sense of Fire Safety for Middle School Students". The contents of this book mainly include: basic knowledge of fire, basic knowledge of fire extinguishers, methods of first fire fighting, knowledge of personnel evacuation and fire escape, questions and answers on fire control knowledge, etc., and collected the contents of campus fire cases, fire safety knowledge contest questions and so on.

The purpose of this book is to help middle school students understand the common sense of fire safety, get familiar with the performance characteristics of fire-fighting equipment, master the skills of fire fighting, evacuation and escape, improve their self-defense and self-help ability, and prevent campus fires. At the same time, it also provides learning and publicity materials for the volunteer fire brigade of students and middle school students.

We hope that through the study of fire safety knowledge, the students can achieve "three understandings and three skills", that is, they can understand the dangers of fire, the methods of fire fighting, and the measures to prevent fire: they can report fire, use fire extinguishers and escape to save themselves. "Hidden dangers are more dangerous than open flames, prevention is better than disaster relief, and responsibility is more important than Mount Tai".

I hope that students will consciously assume the responsibilities and obligations of campus fire prevention work, learn more about fire prevention knowledge, abide by various fire prevention systems and actively participate in campus fire prevention work, so that our school will form a situation of "everyone cares about fire prevention and pays attention to fire prevention everywhere" and fundamentally reduce or avoid the occurrence of campus fire accidents. (1) Definition of combustion Combustion, commonly known as fire, refers to the exothermic reaction between combustible materials and oxidants, usually accompanied by flame, luminescence and/or smoke.

combustion has three characteristics, namely, chemical reaction, exotherm and luminescence. (II) Conditions of combustion Necessary conditions of combustion-The occurrence and development of the combustion process of substances must meet the following three necessary conditions, namely, combustible, oxidant and temperature (ignition source).

only when these three conditions are met at the same time can combustion occur, and no matter which condition is missing, combustion cannot occur. However, it is not necessary for the above three conditions to exist at the same time, and the combustion phenomenon will certainly occur. It is also necessary for these three factors to interact with each other.

1. Combustible: Any substance that can react with oxygen or other oxidants in the air is called combustible. Combustible materials can be divided into gas combustible materials, liquid combustible materials and solid combustible materials according to their physical states.

Most combustible substances are compounds containing carbon and hydrogen. Some metals such as magnesium, aluminum and calcium can also burn under certain conditions, and many substances such as hydrazine and ozone can release light and heat through their own decomposition at high temperature. 2. Oxidant: A substance that helps and supports the combustion of combustible materials, that is, a substance that can undergo an oxidation reaction with combustible materials is called an oxidant.

The oxidant in the combustion process is mainly free oxygen in the air. In addition, fluorine and chlorine can also be used as oxidants in the combustion reaction. 3. Temperature (ignition source): refers to the energy source for the combustion reaction between combustible materials and oxygen or combustion improver.

heat energy is common, and there are other heat energy transformed from chemical energy, electrical energy and mechanical energy. 4. Chain reaction: There is a chain reaction in flaming combustion.

when a combustible material is heated, it will not only vaporize, but also the molecules of the combustible material will undergo a warm decomposition to produce free radicals. Free radical is a highly active chemical form, which can react with other free radicals and molecules to keep the combustion going. This is the chain reaction of combustion.

sufficient conditions for combustion-(1) a certain combustible concentration; (2) certain oxygen content: (3) certain ignition energy; (4) Unrestricted chain reaction. For example, the minimum ignition energy of gasoline is .2raj, ether is O.19mJ, and methanol is .215 MJ..

for flameless combustion, the first three conditions exist at the same time and interact with each other, and combustion will occur. For flame combustion, in addition to the above three conditions, there are uninhibited free radicals (free radicals) in the combustion process, forming a chain reaction, which is also one of the sufficient conditions for combustion.

(3) types of combustion combustion is generally divided into four types according to its formation conditions and instantaneous characteristics: flash, fire, spontaneous combustion and explosion. Flash burning is a burning phenomenon in which a substance can flash when it meets a fire.

ignition is the phenomenon that combustible substances contact with fire source in air, and when they reach a certain temperature, they start to burn with flames, and they can continue to burn after the fire source is removed. Spontaneous combustion is the combustion of combustible materials caused by heating or self-heating and heat accumulation without external sparks, flames and other fire sources.

explosion is a phenomenon that the temperature and pressure increase or both increase due to the rapid oxidation or decomposition reaction of substances. Explosion can be divided into physical explosion, chemical explosion and nuclear explosion.

Physical explosion is an explosion caused by liquid changing into vapor or gas expanding rapidly, and the pressure increases rapidly, which greatly exceeds the limit pressure of the container. Such as steam boilers; Explosion of liquefied gas cylinders, etc.

chemical explosion is an explosion caused by the chemical reaction of the substance itself, which produces a large amount of gas and high temperature. Such as explosion of explosives, explosion of combustible gas, liquid vapor and mixture of dust and air, etc.

chemical explosion is the key to prevent explosion in fire fighting. In addition to the direct contact of flames, heat propagation usually spreads outward in three ways: heat conduction, heat radiation and heat convection.

(4) Definition of fire Fire refers to the disaster caused by burning out of control in time or space. Fire is mostly a social phenomenon, and the main causes of fire can be summarized in three aspects.

First, man-made unsafe behaviors (including arson); The second is the unsafe state of matter; The third is the defect of technology. And people's unsafe behavior is the most important factor.

(5) Classification of fires According to the combustion characteristics of substances, fires can be divided into five categories: A, B, C, D and E. Class A fire: refers to solid material fire.

this kind of substance often has the nature of organic substance, and generally produces glowing embers when burning.

5. illustrated power safety education wall chart

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6. How to prevent water, fire and electricity

1. About power consumption <

2. Do not touch the appliance with wet hands or wipe it with wet cloth.

3, electrical appliances should be unplugged after use.

4. If smoke, sparks and burnt smell are found in the appliance during use, you should immediately turn off the power switch and stop using it

.

5. If someone gets an electric shock, try to turn off the power supply in time;

Or use a dry wooden stick to separate the electric shock victim from the charged electrical appliance.

Don't save people directly by hand.

2. What should I do if there is a fire?

1. Call the fire alarm number 119. When calling the police, tell the fire department the location of the fire, and also explain what is on fire and how the fire is.

2. Once you are threatened by a fire, don't panic, calm down and try to leave the fire.

3. When escaping, try to take protective measures, such as covering your nose and mouth with a wet towel and wrapping your body with wet clothes.

2. What should I do if there is a fire?

1. Call the fire alarm number 119. When calling the police, tell the fire department the location of the fire, and also explain what is on fire and how the fire is.

2. Once you are threatened by a fire, don't panic, calm down and try to leave the fire.

3. When escaping, try to take protective measures, such as covering your nose and mouth with a wet towel and wrapping your body with wet clothes.

Measures after electric shock and drowning accident

1. Separate the person from the power supply with a dry wooden stick.

2. Quickly open the switch and cut off the power supply.

3. Move the person who got electric shock to a place with good ventilation.

4, if stop breathing, artificial oxygenation immediately.

5. You can't extinguish the fire with water, which will aggravate the disaster. You must cut off the power supply quickly and use sand and fire extinguishers to extinguish the fire.

3. Emergency measures when the fire first breaks out

1. Call the police and remember the fire alarm number: "119", and explain the location of the fire and what caused the fire. Explain the name, telephone number and code of the alarm person.

2. Fire fighting measures for the first fire

If a fire is caused by the failure to record electricity, the power supply of electrical appliances should be cut off quickly.

For the specific situation of the fire site, the old methods such as isolation, cooling, room rest and suppression can be used to extinguish the fire.

When putting out the fire, don't open the doors and windows rashly, so as to avoid air convection and accelerate the spread of the fire.

After the fire brigade arrives, the fire unit and the personnel present should introduce the ascertained situation to the commander in time.

7. Hand-written information on drowning prevention safety knowledge

2. Don't play alone by the river or the mountain pond; 3. Do not go swimming in non-swimming areas; 4, can't swim, don't swim to the deep water area, even with a lifebuoy is not safe; 5. Make proper preparation activities before swimming to prevent cramps; Second, the self-rescue method when drowning: 1. Don't panic and call for help immediately when you find someone around you; 2. Relax your whole body, let your body float on the water, float your head out of the water, kick the water with your feet to prevent physical loss and wait for rescue; 3. When the body sinks, you can press your palm down; 4, if the sudden in the water