Complete detailed information of Jieshi Mountain (peak in Wudi County, Shandong Province)

Jieshi Mountain, a peak in Wudi County, Shandong Province, is a national AAA tourist attraction. It is located in the north of Dashan Village 30 kilometers north of Wudi County, with an altitude of 63.4 meters and a radius of 0.39 square kilometers. It was established 730,000 years ago. The cone-shaped composite volcanic pile formed by the eruption of the volcano is the youngest volcano in China and the only volcano outcropping in the North China Plain. It is known as the "No. 1 Mountain in South Beijing". In 1998, it was listed as a provincial geological heritage nature reserve by the Shandong Provincial Government. Basic introduction Chinese name: Jieshi Mountain Alias: Wudi Mountain, Yanshan, Magushan, Dashan Address: North of Dashan Village, 30 kilometers north of Wudi County Elevation: 63.4 meters Circumference: 1600 meters Cause of formation: erupted from a volcanic eruption Formation time: 730,000 years ago Mountain composition: Cone-shaped composite volcanic pile Scenic spot level: National AAA tourist attraction Area: 0.39 square kilometers Development history, main attractions, Jieshi Ancient Well, Yinma Lake, Museum, Fudi Cave Sky, One Line Sky, Huahuai Ruogu, Stone Waterfall, Bodhidharma Cave, Longma Cave, Group Sculptures, Stone Forest Scenic Spot, Fengxue Mountain Temple, Guanhai Pavilion, culture and art, legendary culture, Taoist culture, folk culture, history culture, poetry culture, development history, formation of Jieshi Mountain It was a cone-shaped volcanic dome formed by the central eruption of magma during the Cenozoic and Quaternary Pleistocene about 730,000 years ago. The mountain is asymmetrical but clearly layered, and its lithology is dark brown nepheline picrite. Jieshi Mountain Volcanic Soil Jieshi Mountain has a very long history. According to the old county annals of Wudi, the mountain was close to the river and the sea in ancient times. Only more than ten miles away from Haikou, it is a mountain that marks navigation and is known as Jieshi Mountain. There is no vegetation on the mountain, and it was called Wudi Mountain in the Spring and Autumn Period (Wudi County was first named after this. The county was established in the sixth year of Emperor Kaihuang's reign (586) in the Sui Dynasty. In the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Di changed its name to Haifeng to avoid the emperor's taboo). At the foot of the mountain is Yueminggu, which produces salt, and on the mountainside is the Salt Temple. It was also called Salt Mountain in the Wei and Jin Dynasties. In the early Tang Dynasty, Ma Junde, a native of Dongyan Prefecture, staged an uprising based on this mountain, which was later suppressed by the Tang Dynasty. To commemorate Ma Junde, the villagers changed Yanshan Mountain to Magu Mountain. In the Yuan Dynasty, it was renamed Dashan to distinguish it from another mountain. Jieshi Mountain was renamed "Jieshi". Due to its low terrain and remote location, Jieshi Mountain was renamed many times and experienced many changes. Especially after Ban Gu wrote "Hanshu Geography", Yugong Jieshi was moved from the east coast of the Bohai Sea. Arrive at the north coast of Bohai Sea. Later, it was transcribed by "Shui Jing Zhu", and even misrepresented, resulting in many disputes over the Jieshi in history, and some people even came to the wrong conclusion that the Jieshi sank in the sea. However, Wudi County *** personnel visited other "Jieshi" locations, consulted ancient and modern materials, and invited historians to conduct research and textual research, and finally concluded that "Yu paid tribute to the Jieshi in Wudi, and the Jieshi that Cao Cao visited was also in Wudi." "! The historical evidence is briefly summarized as follows: First, "Zhaoyu Zhi" written by Mr. Gu Yanwu, a great geographer and historian of the Ming Dynasty, records: "There is Magu Mountain, or Dajieshi Mountain, in Haifeng County, Jinan Prefecture."

Secondly, in the "Dictionary of Ancient and Modern Chinese Place Names" published by the Commercial Press in 1931, in the three entries of "Magu Mountain", "Yellow River Ancient Road" and "Jieshi", it is recorded that Wu Di Magu Mountain is Jieshi Mountain.

Thirdly, "Shandong Tongzhi" records: "There is a big mountain 60 miles north of Wudi County, Shandong. There is a cave in the southwestern half of the mountain that is more than two feet wide and unfathomable. It is said that a dragon and horse emerged from this , so it was named (Magushan). The Zhaoyu Chronicle records that it was the ancient Jieshi Mountain."

Fourth, the "Wudi County Chronicles" of the past dynasties all record: "Dashan was formerly known as Jieshi Mountain, Yanshan, and Magu Mountain." "

Fifth, "Hanshu Jiaosi Zhi" records: "The First Queen visited Jieshi in the third year (215 BC)." "Shandong Tongzhi" says: "Qin Shihuang traveled east to Jieshi and stayed there." Here, because of the name Yanci County, "Wudi belonged to "Yanci County of Qi County" during the Qin Dynasty.

Magu Mountain is located 30 kilometers north of Wudi County, with an altitude of only 62.4 meters and a radius of 0.39 square kilometers. The mountain is composed of basalt, volcanic eggs, and volcanic ash. It was a volcanic eruption 120,000 years ago. It is formed by accumulation of substances.

"Mountains are not high, as long as there are immortals, there are spirits..." Liu Wenwei of the Tang Dynasty served in Wudi County during the Yonghui period. After field inspections, he believed that "Magu Mountain is where Jiuhe enters the sea, and it is undoubtedly cut into Jieshi." ("Wudi") County Chronicles and Territory Chronicles").

"Sea" refers to the Bohai Sea.

"Nine Rivers" is the lower branch of the Yellow River and the tribute road route of Daoyi.

"Jieshi" is the navigation sign for the island from the sea to the river. Just open a modern "China Topographic Map" and you will see a place where hundreds of rivers converge in North China, that is, the vast area from the north of Junxian County in Henan to Guangping, Daming, Hejian in Hebei, and north of Liaocheng and Binzhou in Shandong. The source part of the river is relatively dense, and then gradually becomes sparse, but almost invariably flows northeastward into the west bank of the Bohai Sea.

To the east of Magu Mountain, there was still a sea called Yueminggu in the Wei and Jin Dynasties. It was the origin of sea salt, so Magu Mountain was called the "Salt God Mountain" or "Salt Mountain". "Shandong Tongzhi" records: Yueminggu is located in the northeast of Haifeng County (now Wudi County). "Huanyu Ji" records: "Yueminggu is connected to Magu Mountain in the west and the sea in the east. It is also the place where salt is cooked. Today it is called Yuehekou." ”

Wudi County is located at the end of Jiuhe River; Magu Mountain, known as Jieshi in ancient times, is a lonely peak standing at the mouth of the river’s old path, which is consistent with the text of "Jiayou Jieshi" in "Yu Gong". It can be concluded that Wudi Magu Mountain is the Jieshi Mountain in "Yugong", so Wudi County held the "Yugong Jieshi Mountain Renaming News" in front of the newly built "Jieshi Mountain Monument" on the northern half of the mountain on September 5, 2001. Press conference". Focus on Development In the 1970s and 1980s, Jieshi Mountain was once used as a supplier of local building stones for quarrying, which caused a certain degree of damage to the mountain. In order to protect and rationally develop the geological heritage here, in 1999 On March 2, 2001, the Shandong Provincial Government approved the establishment of a provincial geological heritage protection zone. After Jieshi Mountain was renamed in 2001, some ancient buildings were restored and rebuilt, new mountain roads were built, and "Yinma Lake" and Jieshi Gate were built. Attractions. In 2009, Wudi Jie Shishan Tourist Scenic Area was officially awarded the title of "National AAA Tourist Attraction". The scenic area has Bixia Temple, Cao Cao's poems and Guanhai Pavilion, etc.; Fudi Cave Sky and Longma have been developed. Cave landscape, stone forests, stone waterfalls and other volcanic relics attractions; treasures include ancient stone carvings such as the unwritten stele (Jieshimenci) and the stele "Reconstruction of Magushan Temple"; the scenic area integrates popular science of volcanic relics, Jieshi Mountain sightseeing, Qiantong Island folk customs Customs, Caogong Island Theme Park, and Yinma Lake leisure and entertainment are integrated into one. The town specially issued the "Implementation Plan for Further Excavation of Historical and Cultural Resources", established a working group for the excavation, collection, and arrangement of historical and cultural resources, and hired relevant experts to go to the field. Through in-depth excavation and systematic sorting, volcanic culture, Taoist culture, legendary culture, folk culture and ecological culture were unearthed, forming a unique Jieshi Mountain cultural brand. On December 12, 2013, "Shandong Wudi Jieshi Mountain Province" was published. Level Geopark Plan (2013-2025)" was approved by the Shandong Provincial Department of Land and Resources, and Wudi County officially released and implemented the plan, making every effort to create a new cultural tourism landmark. On New Year's Day 2014, Jieshishan Town formulated and issued the "2014 New Year's Eve Folks. According to the folk customs and traditions of the festival, combined with the construction of the Jieshi Mountain Scenic Spot, the whole people are guided to participate in the Spring Festival cultural activities. A large number of New Year customs on the verge of being lost are organized and reproduced. The main attractions are the Jieshi Ancient Well (Wudi). County People's *** announced it as a county-level cultural protection unit on November 12, 2002. Address: The southeast foot of Jieshi Mountain, Jieshishan Town, Wudi County) The wellhead is square. The well is about 15-16 meters deep, and the water level can be maintained regardless of drought or flood in all seasons. It is always kept at about 1.5 meters. According to villagers, the bottom of the well is made of wood, with a bowl-sized spring in the middle and small springs coexisting around it. The wellhead frame is a well beam made of specially selected ungrafted jujube trees. According to research, it was built in the Ming Dynasty, and local people raised funds for repairs many times. The words "Repaired in the 19th Year of the Republic of China" are now clearly visible on the wall of the Jieshi Ancient Well. According to the legend, this place was the dragon's eye, and the dragon's tail was in Huanglong Bay in the Ming Dynasty. During the Wanli period, a Feng Shui master once said: This place is a treasure, and in the future, even if there is no emperor, there will be a minister here.

This was heard by Yang Wei (Yang Tianguan), the official minister of the Ming Dynasty, who informed the emperor. The emperor was deeply worried and then dug a well here to break the feng shui. The most amazing thing is that many people have accidentally fallen into this well without suffering any damage. Therefore, the local people respect this well very much and have built an iron pavilion above the well mouth. Yinma Lake Yinma Lake Wudi County Yinma Lake Wetland Park (announced as a provincial wetland park by the Forestry Department of Shandong Province on December 5, 2012) is located in Jieshi Mountain Scenic Area, Jieshishan Town, consisting of Yinma Lake and Majia River, It consists of Dehui Xinhe Wetland, with an east-west span of 4.5 kilometers and a north-south span of 5.5 kilometers. The wetland park covers an area of ??886.09 hectares. The park has biological diversity, with 296 species of plants in 66 families, including national second-level protected plants wild soybean and black soybean. Myriophyllum suli and Sagittaria sibirica. Animal resources are also very rich, including 236 species of vertebrates in 6 classes, 28 orders, 65 families; 18 species in 1 order, 7 families, class Fish; 5 species in 1 order, 3 families, class Amphibians; 11 species in 3 orders, 4 families, class Reptiles; 15 orders in class Birds 179 species in 39 families; 15 species in 8 families and 5 orders of Mammalia; among the animals are two national first-level protected animals, the red-crowned crane and the golden eagle; and 22 national second-level key protected animals such as the whooper swan, white-naped crane, and white spoonbill. . Through wetland protection and restoration, Yinma Lake Wetland Park has been built into a provincial wetland park that integrates wetland protection, natural lake features, artificial wetland water quality purification, and cultural tourism and leisure. Museum The Jieshi Mountain Earthquake and Volcano Museum is a key construction project of the Shandong Provincial Seismological Bureau during the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period. The museum has a total investment of more than 3 million yuan and a construction area of ??923 square meters. The museum has four parts: earthquake monitoring and forecasting observation room, science popularization hall, 4D dynamic theater and multi-functional lecture hall. The earthquake monitoring and forecasting observation room is equipped with seismic, electromagnetic, fluid and other professional observation instruments and equipment. The science popularization hall is equipped with information on earthquake prevention and disaster reduction, earthquake monitoring and forecasting equipment used in the past, and volcanic eruption material specimens. The 4D dynamic theater uses modern sound and light technology to play popular science videos on major earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis, etc. The multi-functional lecture hall is a supporting place for earthquake consultations, meetings, expert reports and academic exchanges. Museum On July 21, 2011, the Jieshi Mountain Earthquake and Volcano Museum "National Science Popularization and Education Base" was unveiled. Fudi Cave Heaven According to legend, Jieshi Mountain is the place where immortals practice and live, so there are many caves in this mountain, all of which are very mysterious and legendary. A line of sky is a common stone scene in mountain peaks. It is named because the blue sky seen from the gap between the two walls is like a line. Xian Huai Ruogu, named after the open mountain, is majestic and broadens the horizons. Stone Waterfall The stone waterfall in Jieshi Mountain is covered with black rocks, like charcoal and iron. Some are as big as fists, and some are as big as weights, just like piles of gangue in coal mines. Stone Waterfall Bodhidharma Cave It is said that after Bodhidharma crossed the river to the north, he passed by this place and rested in this cave, hence the name Bodhidharma Cave. Longma Cave The cave of Longma Cave is not deep enough to reach the sky and the earth, and the path is winding and shaped like a staircase. According to legend, a dragon and horse emerged from here, hence its name. The group of sculptures depicting Cao Cao writing poems across the river is a reconstruction of the scene when Cao Cao ascended the Jieshi. Stone Forest Scenic Area Jieshi Mountain Stone Forest Scenic Area has huge boulders like bamboo shoots, like humans and immortals, some squatting, sitting, lying and standing, like enlarged Taihu stones. Fengxueshan Temple "Leopard Head" Lin Chong was sent to Cangzhou from Kaifeng, Henan. At that time, Wudi belonged to Cangzhou County. In the east and northeast of Wudi, there are vast natural grasslands and reed swamps, and the government has built many forage fields for war preparation. The traitor Gao Qiu framed Lin Chong and sent people to burn down the forage field. Lin Chong escaped and fled to the mountain temple. He happened to meet the enemy who was chasing him. In a rage, he killed his enemy and fled to Shuibo Liangshan. ...Because this is the only mountain temple hundreds of miles around Cangzhou, the description in "Water Margin" should be here. Guanhai Pavilion is located at the top of Jieshi Mountain. On the upper floor is engraved the poem "Bu Shuanyuan" written by Li Zhiyi, a poet of the Northern Song Dynasty who was born in Wudi: "You live at the head of the Yangtze River, and I live at the end of the Yangtze River. I miss you every day and don't see you.* **Drink a river of water..." Guanhai Pavilion is also the torch collection point for the first World Chinese Games.

The ministers chanted the motto, please carve this stone and hang it with ceremony. "Book of Han: Chronicles of Emperor Wu" records: "In the first year of Yuanfeng, he traveled from Mount Tai, returned to the east, patrolled the sea, and arrived at Jieshi. "Wudi County Chronicle·Historic Sites": "Dici Street is located seventy miles north of the county. It is said that Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty stayed here and issued an edict to exempt the village from taxes. This was a gift from Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, so it was named 'Dici Street'." "Zizhi Tongjian·Volume 128·Song Ji X" records: Emperor Wencheng "in February, Bingzi, climbed Jieshi Mountain to view the sea." "It is these historical records that define Jieshi Mountain's status as a famous historical and cultural mountain. In the twelfth year of Jian'an (AD 207), Cao Mengde led his army to the northern expedition to Wuhuan, climbed Jieshi Mountain, and wrote the famous poem "Viewing the Sea": " To the east is Jieshi to view the sea. Where is the water? The mountains and islands are standing tall. There are many trees and lush grass. The autumn wind is bleak, and the flood waves are rising... Fortunately, the song is to chant the ambition." This eternal song depicts the scenery of Jieshi Mountain at that time and expresses the author's grand ambition. The poet Liu Changqing of the Tang Dynasty came to Jieshi Mountain and wrote " "Late Mooring in Wudi Valley": "In the year of Wudi, the city was built, and the Great Wall was built as Chu Pass. The river leads to the Xingxiu Sea, and the clouds are close to Magu Mountain. Outside the white clouds of the monk's temple, among the green houses. The late tide is full, and the fallen sails are still everywhere." It describes the busy scene of Jieshi Mountain as a sea-viewing resort, with thick trees, luxuriant grass, and intertwined boats. Yang Wei, the Minister of the Ming Dynasty, wrote in a poem "Climbing Magu Mountain": "The flat land Suddenly a peak appeared, and I climbed to Ruoli Bihuorong. "Zhang Kejia of the Qing Dynasty wrote: "Looking from afar, you should know that the sea is near, but you can't feel the deep sky while chanting. ”