Basic knowledge of Henan opera music theory

Henan Opera is one of the five major operas in China and the largest local opera in China. The knowledge of music theory in Henan Opera is very rich. Do you want to know? Next, I will bring you the basic knowledge of music theory of Henan Opera. Welcome to read!

Basic knowledge of music theory of Henan Opera (1) Henan Opera has been continuously inherited, reformed and innovated on the basis of Henan Bangzi. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), it was called Henan for short? Yu? Therefore, it is called Henan Opera. From the late Qing Dynasty to the present, Henan Opera has formed four major tunes, namely, the Xiangfu tune centered on Kaifeng, the Eastern Henan tune centered on Shangqiu, the Western Henan tune centered on Luoyang, and the Shahe tune centered on Shahe Valley, namely, southeast Henan and northern Anhui.

Henan Opera is famous for its sonorous singing, moderate intonation, clear articulation, mellow charm, liveliness, flesh and blood, and being good at expressing the inner feelings of characters. It is widely welcomed by people from all walks of life for its high artistry. Because its music accompaniment takes jujube bangzi as the beat, it was named Henan Bangzi in the early days.

According to the statistics of the Ministry of Culture, except Henan Province, there are professional Henan Opera troupes in Hubei, Anhui, Jiangsu, Shandong, Hebei, Beijing, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Gansu, Qinghai, Xinjiang, Taiwan Province and other provinces and cities. There are more than 300 private Henan Opera troupes (provincial troupes, municipal troupes, county troupes, etc.). ), with more than 300 private Henan Opera troupes/KLOC-0, with 654.38+10,000 employees.

In 2006, Henan Opera was included in the first national intangible cultural heritage list by the State Council. Directly managed by the Ministry of Culture, it is incorporated into 167 troupes.

Basic knowledge of music theory of Henan Opera (II) Henan Opera is the largest local opera in China, ranking first among local operas all over the country. In 2006, the number of state-owned professional Henan Opera groups was 65,438+067, which was the largest number of professional opera groups and employees in China, and it has become the second among the three major operas in China.

Old name of Henan Opera? Henan bangzi? 、? Henan high-profile? Because early actors sang with their own voices, they turned up their tails with falsetto when they started and closed the cavity? Hey? What was it once called? Henan? . ? Henan opera? The first name refers to various operas in Henan.

Basic knowledge of music theory of Henan Opera (III) The vocal structure of Henan Opera belongs to plate variation, which mainly consists of four vocal plates, namely, Balban, Adagio, Streamboard and Sanban.

Balban is the most expressive and varied of the four major boards of Henan Opera. Besides Barr's basic board, it can also be divided into slow 28 board, middle 28 board, 28 board, fast 28 board, tight 28 board, tight playing and slow singing. It got its name because it used to be a fragment composed of two eight boards (eight horizontal bars) and was used repeatedly. With the continuous enrichment of performance content, this fixed and rigid program has been broken through. Nowadays, Class 28 combines the singing methods of the two major schools, namely, the Eastern Henan Tune and the Western Henan Tune, and can form hundreds of big aria on one board, which are mainly used for narration. It can also change according to the plot and the feelings of the characters, which can not only show brightness, brightness and happiness, but also show anxious, nervous, angry and sad scenes. In addition, Barr board can also be derived from big mouth, dog bite, playing around, folding boards, moving benches and so on.

Adagio includes adagio, golden hook, anti-golden hook, windward board and other boards, generally three-eye board. The ascending and descending lines of the aria start from the middle eye and fall on the chessboard. The desensitization of the previous sentence is free, and the desensitization of the next sentence is different from that of western Henan. Adagio is one of the commonly used plates in Henan Opera singing. Its prelude to opening the door has many forms, among which the most commonly used are six rings, four rings, four rings and one ring against the wind. Adagio can be divided into two forms: whole board and scattered board. The whole board is called the first sentence cavity, and the scattered board is to sing the last sentence or the big board and enter the adagio from the next sentence. The basic structure of ordinary sentences in adagio is to divide an aria into two clauses with a small door in the middle; After the whole sentence is sung, there is an eight-bang heel cavity with the end of the sentence (it can also be simplified to four-bang or omitted completely). In addition to the above-mentioned basic structural forms, there are many kinds of flower cavities caused by local changes. The first sentence has three cavities, and the next sentence has a single board and a double board. Adagio's cavity closing is also called lock board, and its basic structure is the same as that of the ordinary sentence, except that the speed of cavity closing is gradually slow, and there is a short door with the end sound of cavity closing. The speed of adagio is flexible, and it can be used at a fast, medium and slow speed according to the content and mood.

Running board is also one of the boards commonly used in Henan opera, which can be divided into running board, jogging board, running board and running board. Singing is generally in the form of eye-catching and eye-catching Can be changed at different speeds as needed. The melody is free and flexible, the melody is smooth, and the rhythm jumps, which is suitable for both cheerful and lively scenes and depressing sad emotions. It also derived cribbing, two gong drills and so on. Its main feature is that there are a lot of syncopation rhythms across bars in the melody. Whether it is the ups and downs of singing or the ups and downs and turns in singing melody, most of them appear in the position of the eyes. The first sentence of the water board falls off freely, and the next sentence falls off with the sound of "5" or "1". In the ordinary upper and lower sentence structure, with the end sentence of the aria falling off, there is generally a voice following the door. Its prelude door is basically the same as 【 28 board 】, but the knowledge of leaf spring head is different. There are many forms to open and close the cavity of the running water tray. The key subsidiary boards of the running board mainly include the running board and two gongs.

Flying board is also a non-board, without board and eyes, with free rhythm. It is a lasting singing style, belonging to the pine board category. In addition, there are white rolling, plate planting, and challenges. There are also three formats: crying rhyme, line rhyme and unique rhyme. Crying rhymes express feelings of grief and sorrow; Rhymes are mostly used for narration, while rhymes are suitable for expressing decisive and passionate emotions. Generally speaking, the aria of the flying board is relatively short, and four, six and eight sentences are transferred to other boards.