Introduction of dispatching center

Central organization for information processing, monitoring and control of power system. It makes judgments, decisions and orders according to the current operating conditions and expected changes of the power system.

With the continuous development of electric power industry, isolated power system is gradually developing to joint centralized control power system. The larger the power system is, the more complex the monitoring function is, and complex information transmission equipment is needed to concentrate the information of the whole system. With the increase of operation complexity and information, it is often difficult for dispatchers to make timely and correct judgments. The dispatching center is equipped with an online dispatching computer and a management computer, and the analysis, calculation, monitoring and control of the whole system are completed through man-machine dialogue. In order to ensure the reliability of the whole system, the equipment of this complex control system is required to have high reliability and sufficient backup. At the same time, due to the huge system and complex tasks, it will definitely affect the response performance. According to the characteristics of power system, the current trend is to develop into hierarchical control mode.

Hierarchical control is to divide the monitoring and scheduling functions of the whole system into different levels according to the control nature, complexity and organizational structure. All monitoring and dispatching functions that have an overall impact on power system operation and need extensive coordination are completed by superiors, while local monitoring and dispatching functions and operation tasks are completed by subordinates. The next level needs the guidance and restriction of the upper level. Dispatching center is the command center of monitoring and command system at all levels. Power system itself has the characteristics of hierarchical structure. For example, in China's inter-provincial power system, there is a system-wide dispatching center, commonly known as network dispatching, also known as the general dispatching room. The corresponding provinces have provincial dispatching centers, which are called provincial dispatching centers, also called central dispatching centers, or central dispatching centers for short. Below the central dispatching room, there is also a regional dispatching room. Dispatching agencies at all levels shall, in accordance with the principle of "unified dispatch and hierarchical management", dispatch and manage the areas under their jurisdiction.

Hierarchical control has the following advantages: ① All monitoring functions that are not related to the whole system can be carried out on the spot at a lower level, which not only speeds up the control process, reduces the burden of the dispatching center, but also reduces unnecessary information transmission and improves reliability. (2) If the local system stops working due to failure, it will not affect other parts of the whole system. Layer can be partially used as backup, thus improving the reliability of the whole system. (3) Due to the decentralization of control functions, the burden of the main computer system is reduced, and the information transmission volume is also greatly reduced, which reduces the requirements for information transmission equipment and equipment investment. ④ It can flexibly adapt to the expansion or change of the system.