How to implement the requirements of railway safety management policy

"Safety first, prevention first" is the safety management policy of railway transportation in China. "Safety first" means that when organizing and directing production, transportation enterprises insist on taking safety production as the primary factor and guarantee condition for the survival and development of enterprises. "Prevention first" means that transportation enterprises should take a proactive attitude, strengthen the overall function of the transportation safety guarantee system from organizational management and technical measures, curb accidents in the bud, and prevent problems before they happen.

The role of the policy of "safety first, prevention first"

Safety in production is a basic principle of socialist transportation enterprise management. Safety is the primary task of enterprise management, which is closely related to the management of planning, production, technology, quality, materials, equipment, labor and finance. Safety management is the synthesis and development of safety-related management contents in the above eight management items, and specialized agencies and personnel are responsible for unified planning, organization, coordination, monitoring and implementation. The guiding principle of transportation safety management is "safety first, prevention first", which is the result of the combination of safety science theory and safety production practice, and also a scientific summary of the experience and lessons of transportation safety work in China for decades. This objective law, which is independent of human will, not only profoundly reveals the dialectical relationship between safety and efficiency, safety and efficiency, safety management and other management work, but also shows the principles that safety management itself should follow. The guiding principle of "safety first, prevention first" has the following four functions:

1. Guidance function

There are various contradictions in transportation production, such as safety and efficiency, technology and management, software and hardware, part and whole. Safety and efficiency are always the main contradictions, and safety is the main aspect of contradiction. At any time, only by grasping the main contradictions and the main aspects of contradictions, that is, actively attacking hidden dangers, dangers and other unfavorable factors that affect safety, can we firmly grasp the initiative of transportation production and promote the transformation of contradictions into safety. Any unit or individual who violates this principle will be punished by the accident and cause irreparable losses.

2. Standardize functions

Transportation production is a dynamic process, and there are many factors that affect safety and production. Everything is established in advance, and it is abolished. Only by putting "safety first" and "prevention first" into practice can we achieve the expected safety effect. For example, from the guiding ideology to the goal, from the stage task to the main direction, from the implementation plan to the specific measures, from the organization division of labor to the monitoring feedback. , careful planning, unified deployment, make necessary adjustments according to changes, form a management implementation mechanism focusing on field operation control, and make transportation production in an orderly and controllable state.

Step 3 limit

Safety needs the joint protection of individual behavior, group behavior and management behavior with strict discipline, according to the rules and efficient work. This requires the ideological basis of "safety first, prevention first" from top to bottom, and take this as the criterion to resist and overcome thoughts and behaviors that are not conducive to safety. To this end, in accordance with the requirements of "safety first, prevention first", strengthen safety education and training, formulate safety responsibility systems at all levels, improve the incentive mechanism for safety production, and make the employees of Guangtong-Dali Railway work with one heart and one mind to create a new situation of transportation safety.

Step 4 evaluate roles

The safety situation of a production unit can be measured by the number of accidents and their losses. However, due to the characteristics of potential and reproducibility, contingency and inevitability, multifactor and causality, in order to judge the safety situation and development trend of transportation enterprises realistically, besides measuring the accident index, it is also necessary to investigate the implementation and effect of the idea of "safety first" and the measures of "prevention first", that is, whether the key personnel, key positions, key operations and key equipment in the transportation system have preventive measures and whether there is a sense of advanced protection in the safety concept.

It can be seen that "safety first, prevention first" is not an empty slogan, but has rich connotations. The key to a deep understanding of its essential meaning and due function lies in the deepening of understanding and the correct and solid work of decision-making.

"Safety first, prevention first" is an inseparable whole.

In railway transportation production, "safety first" is mainly determined by the characteristics of transportation production. Once accidents such as driving, passenger transport and freight transport occur, the material losses will be irreparable. Accident prevention is active and accident rescue is a last resort. For accidents caused by man-made disasters and natural disasters, prevention must be given priority, which is an unshakable principle of transportation safety. The idea of "safety first" is in place, and solving various contradictions is the premise of "prevention first". Without this premise, there is no "prevention first". Because, if we do not solve the ideological understanding and practical problems of "safety first", it will be difficult to mobilize and sustain the consciousness, initiative and enthusiasm of employees to prevent accidents.

The ultimate goal of "safety first, prevention first" is to eliminate hidden dangers and prevent accidents. Therefore, we should take active measures to eliminate all kinds of unfavorable factors, nip the accident in the bud and meet the need of "safety first". It can be seen that "prevention first" is an important guarantee of "safety first". Without this guarantee, "safety first" will become an empty talk. The dialectical relationship between "safety first" and "prevention first" is combined with production practice, and the isomorphism of * * * becomes the safety barrier of transportation production, which is inseparable.

"Prevention first" means investigating and studying the causes of accidents, making systematic analysis, formulating principles and taking countermeasures. Really attach importance to the thought, ensure the system, implement the work, adapt the style, always make unremitting efforts and persevere. When the guiding principle of "safety first, prevention first" is not thoroughly implemented, the abnormal state of personnel, equipment, environment, management and other factors affecting safety becomes the cause of the accident.

The principle requirements of implementing the policy of "safety first, prevention first"

The General Principles of Major Technical Policies of People's Republic of China (PRC) Railway clearly points out: "Railway transportation production should implement the policy of' safety first', adopt new technologies and equipment, develop railway safety facilities, improve the reliability of transportation equipment, strengthen safety management and establish a sound safety guarantee system." The principles and requirements of comprehensive management of railway transportation safety mainly include:

1. Firmly establishing the idea of "safety first" and strengthening the sense of responsibility of "safety first" are important prerequisites for ensuring transportation safety.

Human factors are the most important factors affecting traffic safety, and human safety thoughts and consciousness are the basis of safety behavior. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen people-oriented management, carry out lasting and in-depth education on safety production, enhance the sense of responsibility and urgency of the broad masses of workers for safety under the conditions of market economy, and create a working atmosphere in which everyone attaches importance to safety and everything ensures safety. Hidden dangers and accidents in transportation production (except irresistible natural causes) are, in the final analysis, caused by people's weak thought of "safety first" and weak sense of safety responsibility. When there is a contradiction between safety work and other work, or when safety work has made achievements, the idea of "safety first" is often diluted or transferred, which is the fundamental reason for the failure to implement safety measures and the unstable safety situation, and should be resolutely overcome and corrected.

2. Obeying rules and regulations and strictly organizing discipline are important guarantees for transportation safety.

In the long-term production practice, China's railway departments have formulated many rules, regulations and operating standards to ensure safety and improve efficiency according to the transportation production law, accident causality and valuable experience in accident prevention, and have improved and developed them in time according to the changes of the situation. There are rules to follow, and there must be strict organizational discipline. Loose discipline and non-compliance with rules are the biggest threats to the safety of transportation production. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the organization and discipline of the staff and workers, so as to carry forward the road style of "strict words first, iron discipline, unity and cooperation, resolute and vigorous".

To establish and improve a strict safety management system, the most important thing is to gradually improve and effectively implement the safety responsibility system at all levels. Bad phenomena such as unclear responsibilities, unclear division of labor and mutual shirking should be avoided. And through various management means to achieve strict right and wrong, clear rewards and punishments, forming a strong competition, incentive and restraint mechanism.

3. Strengthening the education and training of workers and improving their safety quality is an important basis for transportation safety.

The most effective way to improve the safety quality of personnel is to integrate theory with practice in education and training. This is even more urgent and important when high technology is widely used in railway transportation. Through various forms of education and training, we should do a good job in building the professional ethics of the staff and workers, cultivate the spirit of loving their jobs and good habits of obeying rules and disciplines, improve the practical operation ability, especially the operation skills and emergency handling ability in abnormal situations, and fully implement the operation standardization. At the same time, it is necessary to continuously strengthen the technical and professional training of cadres and generally improve their professional quality.

4. Constantly improving and updating transportation technology and equipment is the material basis to ensure transportation safety.

The quality of transportation equipment depends on the quality of ex-factory products and the careful maintenance of in-use equipment. Therefore, we should adhere to the principle of paying equal attention to equipment overhaul and maintenance, combining prevention with remediation, overcome hidden dangers of equipment, implement maintenance standards, operation standards and quality standards, and strive to improve the effectiveness of equipment and keep it in good condition. At the same time, increase investment, improve equipment functions, and accelerate the modernization of major transportation equipment. It is the only way to improve the safety level of railway transportation to actively develop and improve all kinds of safety technical equipment that can not only improve transportation efficiency but also ensure safety.

Striving for the support of local government and people is the strong backing of traffic safety.

Leading comrades of the party and the state pointed out: "Without the support of all localities, the work of the railway departments can't be done well." Railway transportation safety is particularly prominent. Railways should take the initiative to strengthen the joint construction of public security defense with local governments, constantly improve the public security order along the railway, and actively rely on local governments and people along the railway to participate in accident rescue and repair. Strengthen off-road safety publicity and education, prevent personal injury and accidents, and ensure the safe and smooth railway transportation.