The Life of Characters in Chen Hong's Works

/kloc-in the spring of 0/924, he was admitted to Zhejiang No.4 Middle School in Ningbo. At that time, the principal of No.4 Middle School was Mr. Jing Hengyi, a famous leftist of Kuomintang. Mr. Jing Hengyi, who was baptized by Zhejiang No.1 Normal University, is determined to reform education. He hired some scholars with progressive ideas and professional knowledge to teach in the school; Party member and progressives are often invited to give lectures in schools, publicize Marxism and expose the disadvantages of the real society. This inspired Chen Hong's thoughts and made him gradually embark on the road of revolution. In the summer and autumn of that year, he joined the China Socialist Youth League and took an active part in the patriotic youth student movement. He is good at propaganda and agitation. I often hold reading meetings and lectures with my classmates, and actively participate in the propaganda work of the publication "Lively Yao" organized by the Youth League Committee in Ningbo. His classmates all like to call him "Little Steel Gun". Together with Hua Gang (China), he organized a student self-government meeting and established a youth league branch. Because of his enthusiastic service and excellent organization, he was elected as a representative of middle school students by his classmates and joined the student associations of Ningbo schools led by Ningbo Underground Party, becoming the most active backbone in the student movement.

News of the May 30th tragedy spread to Yongcheng, and diplomatic support associations from all walks of life in Ningbo were established one after another, which set off a wave of strikes, strikes and strikes in protest against imperialism and solidarity with the victims. Chen Hong and Qiu Jiahuai led the students to the front of the parade. Passing the entrance of the British Consulate on the north bank of Hebei, Chen Hong shouted "Down with imperialism!" "Take back the concession!" The students threw leaflets, slogans and flags into the fence. In order to mobilize workers' struggle more widely, Chen Hong also wrote a short play "One Hand", which described the story of workers' resistance to capitalists. After the play was staged on the Ningbo grand stage, it had a wide influence.

The May 30th turmoil made the Yongjiang industrial unrest surge forward, and a number of workers' activists emerged in the movement. In order to strengthen the leadership of the workers' movement, the Ningbo Party Organization sent Chen Hong, Zhuo Lanfang and Zhao to the factory to organize trade unions and mobilize workers against warlords and capitalists. When Chen Hong came to Hefeng Cotton Mill, he often wore blue cloth and went in and out of the spinning room. He soon became familiar with the worker activist Shen Achun and Fang, and relied on them to actively carry out his work. In late June, the director of Hefeng cotton mill beat the child laborers unreasonably, which aroused the workers' indignation. The workers' faction and Shen Achun made representations to the capitalists as representatives. The capitalist Fei Shanben ordered the general manager to beat Fang, and dismissed Fang on the grounds of "inciting workers, making trouble unreasonably and violating factory regulations". He also used the police spring to exert pressure, arrested four people, including Fang, and fired more than 30 workers. This incident aroused greater anger among the workers and set off a five-day strike. Later, because capitalists used workers' gangs to undermine unity, the strike failed to win. But it has a great influence, affecting the whole city. After the workers' strike in Hefeng, the party sent Chen Hong to Hefeng in time to analyze the reasons why the workers' strike was not completely won with Fang and Shen Hecun, and made unity and persuasion among the workers, thus eliminating the gap between Hangzhou and Ningbo workers. Since then, Chen Hong has successively launched and led dockers, rickshaw workers and hairdressers to strike and achieved initial victory.

After the training of the May 30th Movement, Chen Hong was transferred to party member and China * * * Production Party on August 1925. In September, China * * * Ningbo Branch was established, and Chen Hong was responsible for publicity. In the winter of the same year, the support group expanded to Ningbo prefectural party Committee. In June of the following year, the prefectural party committee was reorganized, and Chen Hong was appointed as a prefectural party committee member and secretary of the prefectural party committee staff movement committee. Since then, he has devoted himself to the workers' movement. In order to facilitate contact with workers, he moved out of the school and lived in a simple shed in the factory on the north bank of Hebei. 1April, 926, he and Zhao, (Wang Jiamu), conducted underground activities in Xiabaisha area on the north bank of the Yangtze River. They used teahouses and other occasions to publicize the revolutionary truth in a simple way and encourage workers to unite to form trade unions; He also secretly conveyed the party's instructions, and mobilized and organized the Yong-Cao Railway Trade Union through the relationship between railway traffic workers at Hebei Shore Railway Station. In this way, the workers at all stations are in high spirits, and more and more people are asking to join the trade union. In less than half a year, more than 70 trade unions have been established in the city, uniting most of the workers in the city around the trade unions.

According to the instructions of Ningbo prefectural party committee, Chen Hong and Chen Hong actively participated in the preparatory work of Ningbo Federation of Trade Unions. Trade unions in various industries are short of funds, so Chen Hong and the workers' movement comrades in the trade unions pawned clothes and bedding to solve the problem. With everyone's joint efforts, Ningbo Federation of Trade Unions was established on June 65438 +2654381October +0 at Malanhe Bridge on the north bank of the Yangtze River, with Wang Kun as its president and Chen Hong as its secretary. After the meeting, Chen Hong, together with Xiong, the car cleaner of Baisha Railway Machinery Factory, organized and established the Ningbo Workers' own armed force-Ningbo Workers' picket team.

After the establishment of the Municipal Federation of Trade Unions, it actively led trade unions in various industries to carry out the struggle to raise workers' wages, improve working conditions and oppose oppression. But soon, due to the failure of the Xia Chao Uprising, the warlord forces reoccupied Ningbo, and the trade union organizations temporarily went underground. * * * In order to protect cadres, the Shanghai District Committee informed Chen Hong and other exposed activists to come to Shanghai to attend the training class hosted by Yun. In this revolutionary melting pot, Chen Hong listened to the speeches of Zhou Enlai, Luo Yinong, Zhao Shiyan and Wang Ruofei many times, and gained new enlightenment from them.

At the beginning of 1927, Chen Hong was sent by the Party Committee to continue to engage in the workers' movement in Wusong, Shanghai, and served as a member of the Workers' Committee of the Shanghai prefectural party committee, and was later elected as the director of Wusong Federation of Trade Unions.

On March 2 1 day, the northern expeditionary army advanced into Longhua, a suburb of Shanghai. In response to the victory of the Northern Expedition, 800,000 workers in Shanghai held the third armed uprising under the leadership of Zhou Enlai, Luo Yinong and Zhao Shiyan. Chen Hong participated in the organization and preparation of the uprising. He led the Wusong Uprising workers to seize the East-West Police Station, the Fourth Marine Police Station of Jiangsu Province and the Baoshan County Police Station, and fully supported the Zhabei Campaign. At that time, a five-section armored vehicle on the Songhu line kept shooting at the insurgents. Chen Hong sent someone to rip off the tracks near Tiantong 'an Station, causing the armored vehicle to overturn and the enemy's weapons to be seized by the workers' picket. After the success of the Shanghai Workers' Armed Uprising, thousands of workers and students from Wusong District gathered at Gongkesi Stadium to celebrate the victory.

After the counter-revolutionary coup on April 12th, countless producers and revolutionary masses in Shanghai were brutally suppressed. On April 17, Chen Hong was arrested at his workmate's home and sentenced to three months' imprisonment. Later, because party member's identity was not exposed, he was released from prison.

After he was released from prison, Chen Hong worked in Songhu Line, and served as secretary of Wuxi County Committee, member of the Standing Committee of Beijing-Shanghai Special Committee and organization minister. He actively restored and developed the Party's organization, conscientiously implemented the spirit of the August 7th meeting, launched the peasant autumn harvest riots and carried out the agrarian revolution. At that time, Wang Ruofei, the head of the Jiangsu Provincial Party Committee's Agricultural Movement, came to Wuxi twice and held a meeting at the Sixth Sacrifice Hall in Yan Jia to summarize the experience and lessons of the first autumn harvest uprising in Wuxi and organize the Red Guards to prepare for another riot. On the evening of August 29th, the second peasant uprising broke out near Anzhen, Wuxi. One or two hundred peasants from Zhoujiage and Heshangqiao, under the leadership of Chen Hong, launched an attack on Shangshan Village, the lair of Zhu Meiji, the reactionary landlord and leader of Wuxi Self-Defense Forces. However, due to the failure to find out the enemy's situation in advance and the hasty action, Zhu Mingzhi's armed forces colluded with the self-defense group in the city and surrounded the peasant team up the mountain, which led to the failure of the uprising. Although the uprising failed, it expanded the revolutionary influence and created favorable conditions for the establishment of rural revolutionary base areas.

In the same year 10, 18, the joint organ of China * * * Beijing (Nanjing) Shanghai Special Committee was inspected by Jiangyin agents in Changzhou Dacheng Hotel, and the special secretary Gao Shixian was arrested. The special organ was transferred to Suzhou, with Chen Hong as the acting secretary. In February 65438, under the instruction of jiangsu provincial party committee, the Beijing-Shanghai Special Committee was abolished, and Chen Hong was transferred to Shanghai to work as the secretary of the Central District Party Committee.

1930 On the evening of April 29th, Chen Hong held a meeting in Shanghai Central Committee of Sanyou Coal Company, a British concession in Shanghai, to study and deploy the May Day assembly, procession and riot. Unfortunately, because of a traitor's informer, he was arrested and held in caohejing prison. Longhua garrison headquarters sentenced Chen Hong to 9 years 1 1 month for "performing important counter-revolutionary duties". 193 1 spring, he was transferred to the Kuomintang military prison outside Jiangdongmen, Nanjing, and then transferred to the gendarmerie headquarters for detention.

In prison, Chen Hong still cares about the revolutionary struggle situation and is full of confidence in the revolution. On one occasion, Chen Hong's fellow countryman friend Zhang Ji 'en went to visit him in prison. They talked in Pujiang dialect, which was difficult for the enemy to understand. Chen Hong was very happy after Zhang Ji 'en introduced the Party's "August 1st Declaration" and the principles and policies calling for stopping the civil war and unanimously resisting Japan. He said to Zhang, "I am reading Japanese, which can create conditions for my future work." Please try to send him a Japanese dictionary. Later, Zhang bought a Japanese dictionary from the second-hand bookstore in Nanjing Confucius Temple and gave it to Chen Hong. Chen Hong never gave in to the enemy's threats and inducements. Once, in the name of rescuing Chen Hong from prison, a Kuomintang officer told him to write a repentance book and show his attitude, so that he could be released from prison. Chen Hong flatly refused, saying, "Don't try your best. Let me make it clear, you are your official, and I will sit in my prison. Want revolution, not afraid of sacrifice. Don't take part in the revolution if you are afraid of sacrifice! " 1931April 29th, the enemy killed Hui in prison. Chen Hong and Zhang Achang () first shouted: "The spirit of Comrade Yun is immortal! Down with the Kuomintang traitors! " The whole prison responded, and the acoustic shock room. 1933, in order to fight against the enemy, Yang Ze, Zhang Achang, Chen Hong and others set up the party's secret peripheral organization-Freemasonry in prison, organized and led prisoners to go on a hunger strike, opposed the deduction of prisoners' food, demanded improved supplies, demanded fresh air, haircut, bathing, etc., and planned to use cameras to carry out prison break riots. But because of the traitor's betrayal, the result failed to come true. Yang Ze and Zhang Achang were sentenced to death with a suspended sentence, and Chen Hong's sentence was increased 10 years after he was rescued by the Kuomintang villagers.

1937 China's second cooperation after the outbreak of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression. After negotiations with Zhou Enlai and other China leaders, the Kuomintang authorities agreed to release Chen Hong and other "political prisoners" in Nanjing prison. However, the authorities played a trick and secretly took Chen Hong and others to the "villa" of the Kuomintang in Wuxi. Therefore, Chen Hong led his comrades to protest to the Kuomintang authorities and asked them to keep their promises and not to detain them unreasonably. Zhou Enlai of the Eighth Route Army's Beijing office and other leaders urged them to release them. The Kuomintang authorities had no choice but to release Chen Hong and others. After he was released from prison, Chen Hong went to Yan 'an Central Party School to study despite his weak health. After finishing his studies, he first worked in the All-China Federation of Trade Unions in Yan 'an, and in August of the following year, he was transferred to the military department of the New Fourth Army in southern Anhui to take on a new mission.

1938 in may, the party central Committee instructed the new fourth army to immediately go deep behind enemy lines and establish base areas. In June and July, Chen Yi and Zhang Dingcheng successively led the first and second teams to advance behind enemy lines in southern Jiangsu. In September, Chen Hong came to Yanling area in southern Jiangsu with the field army of the New Fourth Army led by Wu. Then he persisted in the anti-Japanese struggle behind enemy lines in the south of the Yangtze River for more than three years. /kloc-in the winter of 0/938, Chen Hong was appointed as the member and organization minister of China Sunan Special Committee. With Danyang and Yanling as the center, he carried out the work of democratic movement, running around Zhenjiang, Jurong, Danyang, Jintan and other border areas day and night, carrying out anti-Japanese propaganda activities and organizing anti-Japanese mass organizations such as agricultural resistance associations, youth resistance associations and women's resistance associations. He led farmers to reduce rents and interest rates, raise the wages of employees, mobilize the masses to establish democratic political power, carry out anti-Japanese armed struggle, actively develop party member and establish party organizations. Due to the harsh environment and the hardship of long-term prison life, he was injured in both legs, sickly and inconvenient to walk. Organizationally, he was assigned to ride a little black donkey instead of walking, but he often rode for comrades who were weak or sick, climbed mountains and waded with everyone, and endured fatigue.

On one occasion, the propaganda team and Chen Hong were stationed in panzhuang, near Jiuli Bridge in Danyang. Rehearse the performance celebrating New Year's Day until late at night. In order to make the players not too tired, Chen Hong decided to camp on the spot. Unexpectedly, at dawn the next day, the Japanese army suddenly attacked panzhuang separately. Not afraid of difficulties and dangers, Chen Hong personally led some soldiers to cover the propaganda team to break through in the direction of Jiuliqiao. However, Jiuli Bridge has been blocked by the enemy, and more than 10 machine guns have violently strafed the propaganda team. Regardless of personal safety, Chen Hong rushed ahead and led the propaganda team to crawl forward and break through the north along the ridge. Thanks to Chen Hong's wit, courage and careful command, the propaganda team finally broke through the encirclement.

From June 65438 to June 0939, Chen Hong served as deputy director of the People's Anti-Japanese Self-Defense General Assembly in the Sinian Border Region (actually a political commissar) and instructor of the four people's anti-Japanese General Assembly in the Sinian (Jiang) Judgment (Rong) Dan (Yang) Jin (Tan) successively. He united all patriotic forces and launched an armed struggle against Japan. A battalion was formed in Dannan area, and later developed into the Fifth Security Command, with Chen Hong as the political commissar of the command.

In order to unify the leadership of the Party of Jiangsu and Anhui, the first Party Congress of Jiangsu and Anhui was held in Dingjiatang, Jianchangwei, Jintan County in mid-June+February, 5438. The meeting decided to set up the Central Committee of Jiangsu and Anhui, with Wu and Tan Qilong as deputy secretaries respectively. Chen Hong, Wei, (female) and Liu Lieren were elected as members, and Chen Hong was also the organization minister. 1in March, 940, the Party Committee of Su-Wan District in Central China and the Party Committee of Jiangnan Command of the New Fourth Army held a joint meeting. According to the needs of the development of the anti-Japanese struggle, it was decided to abolish the two special committees in southern Jiangsu and Jiangsu and Anhui, divide the whole region into four guerrilla zones, and set up a central county Committee in each guerrilla zone. The Maoshan area was designated as the second guerrilla zone and the Dannan Central County Committee was established. Chen Hong was appointed Party Secretary of Dannan Center. He attached great importance to the training of cadres and personally presided over two short training courses in party member. It has sent a large number of young cadres to the party's work of opening up new fields.

1during the period of June, 940, according to the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China's instructions, Chen Yi led some main forces of the New Fourth Army to prepare to cross the river northward and open up base areas in northern Jiangsu. On 26th, Chen Yi wrote a letter to Chen Hong on the edge of the Yangtze River. The letter clarified the struggle situation at that time, placed trust and hope on Chen Hong, and pointed out: "I crossed the river in one day. Since then, the troops in Jiangnan have asked you to mobilize the people to help ... After crossing the river, I still hope to keep in touch and write to me often. " Chen Yi's instructions made Chen Hong clear about the struggle situation and strategy. From then on, together with other leading comrades, he led the Jiangnan troops in a more arduous struggle.

194 1 year 1 month, after the southern Anhui incident, the puppet diehards carried out crazy raids on the anti-Japanese base areas behind enemy lines in southern Jiangsu in an attempt to destroy our party's anti-Japanese forces. Faced with this situation, Chen Hong held an enlarged meeting of Dannan Central County Committee in Fangu Road to study how to conceal cadres and accumulate strength, and decided to cancel the independent camp, organize the cadre javelin team and persist in the struggle in situ. After the meeting, Chen Hong took the lead and led the javelin team of small cadres to carry out armed activities. In March of the same year, the Central Party Committee of Jiangsu and Anhui decided to merge the Central County Committee of Dannan with the Central County Committees of Jiang (Ning), Dang (Tu), Li (Shui) and Ju (Rong) to form the (Wu Li) Lubei Special Committee (renamed Lubei Special Committee in May), with Chen Hongren as the secretary. According to the principle of independence, self-reliance and long-term struggle, we will persist in Maoshan area.

On September 29th, more than 4,000 Japanese puppet troops "mopped up" the Maoshan area and launched an attack on the 46th Regiment of the New Fourth Army in eastern Jurong and Gangnan Village in the camp of the Fifth Security Command. Chen Hong led a company to fight bravely to cover other troops out of the tight encirclement. During the battle, Chen Hong was unfortunately arrested for leg injury and taken to Nanjing. Later, he was rescued and released by the Liaison Department of the New Fourth Army. 1942 autumn, participated in the rectification study of the Central Party School.

1in the spring of 943, the Central China Bureau and the New Fourth Army decided to send a group of cadres to eastern Zhejiang to strengthen military and political leadership. After a distance of 1 1 5 years, Chen Hong and his party were ordered to cross the sea to the east of Zhejiang Province to shoulder the heavy responsibility of Secretary the Secretariat of the CPC Central Committee.

At that time, the situation in Siming area was still very complicated. Shortly after the establishment of the anti-Japanese base area, the Japanese army repeatedly carried out cruel raids on our anti-Japanese armed forces. Kuomintang die-hards also took the opportunity to intensify friction. Facing the complicated situation, Chen Hong actively carried out the policy of "persisting in the Three Norths and opening up the Four Brightnesses" put forward by the Party Committee of East Zhejiang. He carried out activities under the guise of selling dragon beard meat and bamboo shoots and went deep into the masses. The masses called him "Mr. Big Chen".

In mid-February, Chen Hong attended the enlarged meeting of the East Zhejiang Party Committee in Duxu Village, south of Yaonan. After listening to the report of the defeat of Shandong Anti-Japanese Self-Defense Brigade, accompanied by Yang Shihua, a secret traffic, he disguised himself as a businessman to conduct in-depth investigation and investigation. He talked with cadres and soldiers in accordance with the spirit of the enlarged meeting of the district Committee to stabilize their thoughts and emotions. At the same time, he also pointed out that the main lessons of the separation of the 200 guns of Shengdong Self-Defense Brigade are that they are not vigilant, do not engage in armed activities independently, and do not take the initiative when cooperating with others to engage in armed activities, resulting in heavy losses for this team. However, he has repeatedly affirmed that it is commendable that this team can preserve the party's basic strength under extremely difficult circumstances, inspire soldiers to forge ahead against the current and cheer up their spirits. Comrades said: "Chen Hong has only been in Siming for a few months, and he can clearly understand the reasons for the frustration and failure of this army, and his analysis is reasonable, which shows that his work is in-depth and meticulous!" In June and July of the same year, Chen Hong disguised himself as a businessman and went to Silverstream several times to study the issue of independent armed forces with local party organizations. He conveyed "persisting in the independent development of the Self-Defense Forces; We must keep the revolutionary vigilance, pull the team out in time when problems are found, so that the Party organizations in Silverstream can always keep the revolutionary vigilance. At the beginning of September, after Guo, the sixth brigade of the third detachment of Ningbo Police Corps, which was mastered and led by our party, was found to have tried to disarm, the organization took timely countermeasures and withdrew the team on September 5, avoiding a loss. Later, this revolutionary armed force, known as Shara Lin Brigade, contributed to the victory of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression in eastern Zhejiang, which was inseparable from Chen Hong's guidance.

1943 10 the Kuomintang die-hards mobilized troops to step up the encirclement and suppression of our base areas. The Kuomintang 32nd Army set up a general headquarters in Tiantai, under the unified command of Li Moan, commander-in-chief of the group army, and mobilized 20,000 troops in an attempt to destroy the anti-Japanese armed forces in eastern Zhejiang. The stubborn army launched an attack despite our continuous call to "unite against Japan and hold the Hebei crisis." We were forced to carry out the second anti-stubborn self-defense war, and the anti-Japanese base area in eastern Zhejiang entered the most difficult period. At this time, Chen Hong, Siyi Yang, Luo Baihua, Zhang Wave and Tang Yan were ordered to form the rear action committee, which was responsible for the food and intelligence supply ahead, mobilized the masses and led the troops to fight in situ. Chen Hong is responsible for directing the left-behind troops and government personnel in the rear to cooperate with the local pro-democracy movement and insist on activities in Zuoxi Town, Yuyao. 165438+1On October 26th, Chen Hong led his troops to Zi Long Temple in Yaonan (now Bird's Nest Township). When the troops passed Zilong Temple, they met Tian Xiushan, a "Tingsi". Unfortunately, Chen Hong was shot and killed at the age of 37. People in eastern Zhejiang will always remember this loyal soldier!