From Du Fu's love poem Moonlight Night, what poem is written on the opposite side?

Question: How to appreciate Du Fu's classic love poem "Moonlight Night" written to his wife in 300 Tang poems?

Tonight is the month to watch it alone from the window of her room. For our boys and girls, poor little baby, too young to know where the capital is.

Her cloudy hair is sweet with mist, and her jade-white shoulders are cold in the moonlight. When can we lie on the screen again and look at the bright light and stop crying? .

The Secret in the Preface of 300 Tang Poems

There is a passage in "Three Hundred Tang Poems", the judge of Heng Tang Dynasty:

Because of the well-known works in Tang poetry, I chose the most important one, and each individual got dozens of poems, of which more than 300 were recorded as a series. For home school textbooks, write for children and Xi, and don't waste the white head. Not much better than Poems of a Thousand Families? As the saying goes, "You can recite 300 Tang poems by heart, even if you can't recite them." Please make it up for inspection.

When compiling 300 Tang poems, The Inference of Hengtang is classified into five-character ancient poems, seven-character ancient poems, five-character regular poems, seven-character regular poems, five-character quatrains, seven-character quatrains and Yuefu poems. However, the classification of "Pushing Poems in the Constant Tang Dynasty" is not strict, and some works that do not strictly conform to modern poetry have been selected into the five laws and seven laws. In addition, there are ancient and modern poems in Yuefu and Jueju, which are easy to be misunderstood by readers today.

Therefore, to appreciate a poem, we must first distinguish its style.

First, the poetic style of five-character poems

Distinguishing the poetic style of a poem is the most basic requirement. Many friends recite a lot of poems, but they don't know what seven laws are and what seven laws are, and they can't tell ancient poems from modern poems. If you don't know the style of poetry, but also write an old-fashioned poem, it is naturally difficult to write a qualified poem by accident. As for "memorizing 300 Tang poems by heart, if you can't recite them, you can recite them", this sentence is impossible for modern people without basic training.

1, five-character ancient poems

Du Fu's Moonlit Night is a five-character poem, but not all five-character and eight-sentence poems are five-character poems. For example, Du Fu's "Looking at Yue" is not a modern poem (metrical poem), but an ancient poem.

What a magnificent scenery Mount Tai is! Endless green spans Qilu and Qilu .. magical nature brings together thousands of beautiful mountains in the south and the separation between morning and dusk in the north.

Caiyun lave? My mind is free and easy, birds fly back and forth before my nervous eyes ... trying to climb to the top of the mountain: it dwarfs all the peaks under our feet.

Why isn't this poem five laws? Simply put, the five laws (modern poetry) can't rhyme: music, Xiao, bird and small; Can't be three levels: what is the husband, what is the cloud. For a more detailed explanation, please see the link below my article, "What is modern poetry, what is ancient poetry, what is metrical poetry and what is new metrical school?" 》。

2. Five-character verse

This poem "Moonlight Night" is a standard five-character poem: the first sentence is puckered up without rhyme, and the voice is calm and cold: look, it's safe, cold and dry.

In Fuzhou, far away, she is looking at the moonlight, looking at it alone from the window of her room. For our boys and girls, poor little baby, too young to know where the capital is.

Flat and light, flat and light. Flat and light, flat and light.

Her cloudy hair is sweet with mist, and her jade-white shoulders are cold in the moonlight. When can we lie on the screen again and look at the bright light and stop crying? .

Flat light, flat light, flat light, flat light, flat light, flat light.

For our boys and girls, when the poor baby and we lie on our screen again, it's all peace, which is a common variant of the modern poem "peace" and is called carp ripple. The second link in the middle is a wide link. The bonding is correct. So this is a standard five-character poem.

The first question is the poetic style, and the second question is about another feature of Moonlit Night.

Second, poetry is written from the opposite side.

Wang Weiyou wrote a poem. He didn't say that he was homesick, but that his family missed me:

I am a lonely stranger in a strange land, and I miss my family more often during the holidays. When I think of my brothers' bodies climbing high, I will feel a little regret for not being able to reach me.

This is the genius of the poet, who clearly thinks for himself, but says that others think, and writes from the other side to set off himself. The same is true of Du Fu's poems, which clearly say that he misses his family, but only says that his family misses him in the moonlight.

In Fuzhou, far away, she is looking at the moonlight, looking at it alone from the window of her room. For our boys and girls, poor little baby, too young to know where the capital is.

Her cloudy hair is sweet with mist, and her jade-white shoulders are cold in the moonlight. When can we lie on the screen again and look at the bright light and stop crying? .

Forget the background, just talk about the poem itself. The first two sentences are inverted crosses. Tonight, my boudoir wife looks at the moon alone in Zhangzhou. I pity my children. They still don't know how to miss me in Chang 'an. The third part is the image of the poet's wife in the moonlight: the clouds are fragrant with fog, and the jade shoulders are cold. When can we meet again, lean against the thin curtains and enjoy the moon together, so that the moonlight can dry our tears.

This usage is similar to the end of Liu Yong's "Basheng Ganzhou, Sprinkling Rain on the River":

I want beautiful women to dress up, miss a few times, and return home. Know me, lean against the railing, I'm worried!

Third, two comparisons.

1, the child's incomprehension and the wife's distant memory

The second couplet "Our boys and girls, poor little babies, are too young to know where the capital is." It is said that children are too young to miss their relatives far away. However, the first couplet has written about his wife: looking at it alone from the window of her bedroom, and the third couplet follows the second sentence, describing the imaginary figure of his wife: fragrant mist wet temples, jade shoulders and cold moon.

Yu Hua called it the method of borrowing flowers from leaves, and set off his wife's thoughts with the children's "unsolved memories": watching alone.

2, single and double

In Fuzhou, far away, she is looking at the moonlight, looking at it alone from the window of her room. For our boys and girls, poor little baby, too young to know where the capital is. The fragrant mist wets the temples, and the jade shoulders are cold. When can we lie on the screen again and look at the bright light and stop crying? .

In the second sentence, looking at it alone from the window of her room has a unique character, and in the fourth sentence, the word "double" is used. There is a saying in the ancients that it is a link between the past and the future, and the last sentence "double photos" takes care of "watching alone".

Fourthly, the foreshadowing and echo of the transition from inheritance to integration.

Sentence 1: Far away in Fuzhou, she is watching the moonlight, and the third and fourth below all show the moonlight, especially the last sentence echoes: double "sunny" tears. The "independence" in the second sentence is a foreshadowing. Why independence?

The second pair connected and explained: The children are not sensible. For our boys and girls, poor little babies, they are too young to know where the capital is, so my wife looks at them alone.

The third emphasis is transformed into a description: the fragrance is foggy and the clouds are wet, and her shoulders are cold, which echoes the "boudoir" in the second sentence.

The fourth combination, the "double" in the last sentence is done by tears, the double is independent, and the moonlight echoes the appearance of the moon. Looking at it alone is reality, and looking at it under the moon is expectation.

Verb (abbreviation for verb) steals ideas and uses them.

Qing Xu YanFang said:

Three Hundred Poems is the ancestor of poetry, and Shaoling Poetry is transformed from Qin Zhong. Written on the reverse side, I don't say I miss my family, I say my family misses me. I don't think about me directly, but the younger children don't understand me, and the difficulties of people who think about me are beyond words.

In the Book of Songs, Feng Wei is an article;

I look forward to my father. Father said: Oh! Give the child a service, and there will be no night. Tang Shenzai, still come! Endless!

I look forward to my mother. Mom said: Oh! In the service season, I can't sleep at night. Tang Shenzai, still come! Don't abandon!

I look forward to meeting my brother. Brother said: hey! After serving my brother, we will be together at night. Tang Shenzai, still come! No death!

Xu Yinfang believes that the technique of "writing from the opposite side" comes from the Book of Songs: I climbed to the top of the hill to see my parents and brothers, and it seems that I heard them tell me that ............. served in a distant place and worked day and night. Take care of yourself. I hope you will come back soon and don't miss your hometown!

One book, Poetic Style, was handed down from generation to generation by Jiao Ran, a poet in the Tang Dynasty. He has three thieves of poetry: stealing words, stealing ideas and stealing power. "Stealing words" is to imitate the sentences of predecessors, "stealing meaning" is to copy the intentions of others, and "stealing power" is to imitate the structural layout of others. Du Fu's borrowing can be called stealing.

Concluding remarks

Du Fu's poems are only 40 words, which clearly explain the time, place, people and events, and echo from beginning to end, restraining the former from promoting the latter. To appreciate a poem, we should not only know the allusions, the background of the times and the life of the characters, but also know some changes of the author in rhetoric, syntactic structure and composition.

The best way to learn poetry is to try to imitate and create a poem by yourself, and then look back at the works of the ancients after writing, so as to truly appreciate the beauty of the ancients using pens.

Did the ancients have a formula for writing poems? 10 minutes to read a short passage.

What is modern poetry, what is ancient poetry, what is metrical poetry and what is new metrical school?

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