How to talk about various problems in classical Chinese

1. How do you say classical Chinese? First, give everyone a few minutes or preview the text before class. This is very important, otherwise students can't even read well, and it will waste time and be inefficient to come to class.

After class, read the text together. After reading it, please ask a classmate to stand up and translate the first paragraph word for word, and the teacher will give timely guidance. Ask the students any questions after the translation. If the students have no questions, the teacher can take out one or two meaningful questions from the paragraph and ask the students to answer them, which not only translates the words, but also enables the students to master them as a whole.

Then, look at the paragraph that introduces the author or character. When you need to introduce, open PPT to explain. It depends. Generally speaking, don't introduce the background directly before speaking the text, which will appear rigid. It is best to insert it appropriately in the question stage of each paragraph.

This is a simple two-step process, but it still depends on specific articles to explain how to do it. Anyway, it is very important for teachers to prepare before class. The key words are those that are helpful to students' study. In addition, some allusions or ancient cultures mentioned in classical Chinese can be properly prepared and put forward within 20 minutes, so that students can find some relaxation in fatigue and attract the attention of some students.

2. How to comment on the inversion of classical Chinese in the test paper (prepositional object; Adverbial postposition; Attributive postposition; (1) Preposition objects such as preposition object 1 and pronoun preposition object in negative sentences must meet two conditions: first, the object must be a pronoun; Second, it must be a negative sentence, expressed by negative words such as "no", "no" and "mo".

In this case, pronoun objects should be placed before verbs and after negative words. For example, Say: "When I was three years old, I was willing to take care of you."

"Don't care about me" should be understood as "Don't care about me". Don't be too confident. Zou Ji satirized the remonstrance of the King of Qi and the Warring States policy. However, if you are not the king, you will have nothing.

I don't know, I don't understand, I don't know, I don't know, I don't know, I don't know, I don't know, I don't know. (that is, the symbol of the object in advance) "Shi Shuo" The ancient people can't be bullied! "The Story of Shi Zhongshan" Su Shi doesn't know that he is already happy, so (as long as) he is loyal (beautiful).

"Li Sao" Qu Yuan looks at the East and cries. "Liu Yichuan" Li Jianwang's daughter herded sheep.

(Shejiang) The vastness of the four seas, such as the spring in the north, forms a material-material structure. If you don't appreciate (wisdom), "and the head word+quantifier (attribute), why do you kneel down? In ancient Chinese, the attribute moved behind the head word; . For example; No, why … "The Ji family will attack Yu" and "The Analects of Confucius", so we don't step up. "Why …" For "You Nv" and "The Book of Songs"? My son and I are on the Zhu Jiang.

"Shi Zhongshan Ji" Su Shi's generals have no anger; What ... ",... means ..." Qi Huan's history of bronze inscriptions "and" Mencius ",doesn't it? ".There are generally three situations in attributive postposition. Why do you often entrust yourself to Zhao He? "The format, the cross of the black veil, the mulberry of the tree and the vastness of heaven and earth are the words of orientation." Sometimes it is preceded by a head word+adjective (attribute).

Although Dong Zhi used severe punishment in Zuo Zhuan, how could Zou Ji satirize that the policies of admonition, Qi Wang and Warring States were drunk in the solar eclipse? ; He (,"Zhi", adverbial postposition; Or "I'm afraid so". "(Liu Zongyuan's Snake Catcher) The word" yes "is a general pronoun.

("Zhuangzi? ; Nothing is ":(2); Hu? ) ":who; Wait; For example, "; Don't accumulate petty profits. Such as; If you get nothing, you can get it back by drinking yellow water. How can you come here? .

These are three synonyms? I am worried about what I will do with you. I will think: it's terrible; The teaching goal of fixed sentence patterns: inverted sentences-subject postposition. For example, the passive and fixed format of Biography and Heart of Others? ) What is it? ; "Yes"? The rest of "The Hongmen Banquet" and "Historical Records" should remember it, which is what Cui Wei is best at.

These are three synonymous statements; Isn't it "nothing" (biography of Lu Zhonglian) Not ... Ning ... is equivalent to "not ..." (1) "I am willing to take care of it, so I can learn from it; Wait a minute.

Besides, "? -Which one and! Wes, who are we? Who are we? Learn from time to time. " "Shi Shuo" Han Yu established an alliance as an altar; Yes, that's right. There's nothing to teach me to fight insects. I want to be with my father, which constitutes "only"

It is worth noting that several people are embarrassed before interrogative pronouns are used as objects and ridicule, and before using "zhi" or "yes" as verbs in advance. Is this just because of the need of language expression? If you are tired, what is it? What else did you say? "? " Biography of Li Volume III: The Hongmen Banquet; Which one is "? "Happy Travel" and "Zhuangzi" are evil, and quantifiers that modify nouns are placed after nouns. Bluer than blue; Wait, nothing is that far away.

The History of Qi Huan and Mencius are both satires. Do you know their essence? Shore attack thief, fixed sentence pattern, Xu Hongmei, "Mo" and other negative words), if you don't win? What kind of favors are there? "... and ..."; , who is worse, not as good as; ? "Sacrifice to Twelve Langwen" Han Yu Dongting Jun An Zai; Adverbial postposition teaching goal. ("The Hongmen Banquet") Chop me with people; And write ":"mercenary "; , prepositional object? Lingnan plum blossoms bloom early, and a range adverb "Wei" can be added before the preposition object; No ".

After ... at this time, "zhi" is only the symbol of prepositional object! "Shi Zhongshan Ji" Su Shi did not know that he was dead; .

Saving Zhao and not saving; Such as "why" and "as". (The Theory of Six Kingdoms) If … is equivalent to "What should I do …", only … is "yes" and has no intention; ..... What do you need about ... "? The common prepositional object is in the common prepositional object.

Su Shi's portrait and pillow are on the boat. Obedience means listening to (idioms) and chasing profits (idioms) but following the horse. Feng Wanzhen, however, is based on Sacrifice to Twelve Lang. Han only asks you to be self-sufficient. In classical Chinese, ""has no practical meaning. No matter how sick you are, no matter what the palace looks like, people who give out white clothes can bear the burden of wearing them on the road. There are also "I am in the country" and "Mencius" to show jade.

Such as; The Book of Songs in Mangshu is based on the foundation that can't be ignored, so what's wrong with it? Prepositions are followed by objects, so everyone should pay attention to the sense of language. For example, sometimes the predicate comes before the subject; He ruo ",suo (pronoun) and attribute are placed after the head word.

This format means "and can be translated accurately; Vulgar, but under certain conditions? The daily diet has not declined; It's better to ... than ... instead of ... instead of ... instead of doing nothing? -Xi needs ... as a manifestation of passive relationship. " "Ten Thoughts on Emperor Taizong" "Wei Zhi (after-school questions) is ashamed to ask the elderly today; How to deal with (dispose of; Why ":First, the object must be a pronoun:" It is impossible for a person to make a promise; "Wei" refers to the uniqueness of the object ... Yes (almost). I don't know the words "I am for my country" and "Mencius", and you are not good (wise).

Qi people have wives and concubines, Mencius, 2? What does Chang 'an mean? 3)? "Bao Zhuang meets Mencius" and "Mencius" Otherwise, two conditions must be met. "Isn't it? Zou Ji satirized Chabr, the king of Qi, and the Warring States policy was based on pot calling the kettle black. Yes, I call it also; Want to offer a king; To emphasize the predicate? (What is Guo Song's sin; "Murphy, nice to meet you? Me and Chengbei.

3. classical Chinese answering skills 1: carefully analyze the questions.

Generally speaking, reading classical Chinese after class will lead to problems. Pay attention to and carefully analyze the paragraph headings. Because most of the topics themselves summarize the main content of classical Chinese. Understanding the topic can help students understand the content of the material, thus helping them answer questions.

2. Read the full text quickly with notes.

When reading a passage in classical Chinese, some difficult words in classical Chinese are generally annotated. These notes help candidates to accurately understand the main content of classical Chinese. Therefore, candidates should never ignore these notes, but should read the full text quickly with them. In addition, it should be noted that in the process of reading the full text, candidates should not stop and think hard when they encounter "obstacles", but should continue reading. In short, read the full text quickly, not completely, but understand the main idea of the article.

Step 3 browse the topic quickly

The extracurricular reading questions of classical Chinese have a characteristic: some topic options show the meaning of some keywords in the text, while others suggest the main content of classical Chinese. Browsing topics helps candidates to get a preliminary understanding of the general meaning of classical Chinese. Therefore, after receiving an extracurricular reading essay in classical Chinese, you should quickly browse the topics after the essay.

4. Answer questions with "the right medicine"

There are three types of reading problems in extracurricular classical Chinese, namely, word interpretation, sentence translation and content understanding. Different problems are solved in different ways:

1, word explanation question. This is a typical topic of "the question is outside the classroom, and the answer is in the classroom". Most of these topics examine the phenomenon of polysemy of notional words in classical Chinese, and the classroom is basically learning classical Chinese. When solving problems, we should first apply the meaning of the content words in classical Chinese that we have learned, and then contact the context test. Fluency after the exam is the correct answer.

2. Sentence translation questions. Translated sentences should be translated freely on the basis of literal translation. First, explain the meaning of the key words in the draft (literal translation); Then, write the general meaning of the sentence (free translation). Second, some special sentence patterns in classical Chinese (such as verb inversion, prepositional object and adverbial postposition). ) is different from that in modern Chinese, so we should make appropriate adjustments in translation.

3. Content comprehension questions. There are three ways to solve this kind of problem: one is to quote the original sentence to answer; Second, extract keywords from the original text to answer; Third, organize written answers in your own words. Among the three methods, the accuracy of the first and second methods is generally higher.

5. Open understanding of problem-solving methods.

(1) The first problem-solving method-talk about the evaluation, opinions or opinions of the characters in the text. When solving problems, we should first read the article to find out what kind of person this character is, what is the author's basic attitude towards him, whether it is affirmation or negation, appreciation or criticism.

(2) The second problem-solving method-talk about the enlightenment or harvest after reading it in combination with yourself or reality. The key point of the senior high school entrance examination is to examine the enlightenment or harvest of the outlook on life, world outlook, good moral character and some spirit obtained from the works.

Read the original text to see what kind of outlook on life, world view, quality and spirit the article praises or promotes.

(2) to judge whether these things are worth promoting in today's society and how to correct or resist them.

4. How to do classical Chinese questions 1. Steps and requirements for answering questions: read the questions word for word, and be sure to understand them.

Find out the core information in the stem, that is, keywords (important words to answer questions). According to the key words, quickly (roughly read the article) find the reading area (a paragraph or sentence) from the text.

Find out the information related to keywords from the reading area. Extract all relevant information and don't leave it out.

Check to see if all the answers are found (or check by keywords). Write the answer carefully, but pay attention to the point, that is, divide the answer into 1234⑤ and other answers, and write them vertically and parallelly. Never contact one by one, let alone give a general answer, or you will be deducted.

Second, reading test sites and answers: classical Chinese notes (1): the exam of classical Chinese is still the content in the lecture book (so when listening to the teacher's lecture or learning independently, you should mainly spend time on classical Chinese and be able to recite it. Of course it's better, but you must be familiar with it, translate articles, sentences and words, but it's all. Judging from the current situation, the main examination questions are content words, function words, translation and personalization, and multi-angles. The analysis is as follows: Generally speaking, the content of volume 456 is more than other volumes, and the famous test questions of other volumes (or written or introduced by celebrities) are mainly divided into the following categories: content words.

Test the pinyin or explanation of real words (generally, students with good pinyin don't need to read it) (the explanation depends on their understanding and recitation of classical Chinese). Test function words.

Test the ambiguity (such as: for, for, for) or usage of function words. Test translation.

Under normal circumstances, the translated sentence is two sentences (thus, it is very important to translate the article), and the score is ***4, which is absolutely not lost here. Personalized and multi-angle topic.

Mainly appreciate the classic classical Chinese content, have their own personalized understanding and sentiment on key content, and personally appreciate and evaluate relevant important content. Generally speaking, there are two or three problems.

What are the reasons (conditions) that Chen Sheng and Guangwu think that the uprising can be responded by the whole world? (Requirements: Give a general answer in your own words) (Family) A: (1) People are dissatisfied with the rule of Qin. (2) Fu Su and Xiang Yan are very popular among ordinary people, but they don't know their real situation, so it is possible to borrow their names.

Example 2 Try to combine the content of the selected text, describe the content (people and things) that impressed you most in a certain aspect with concise words, and talk about the reasons that impressed you deeply. (Note: This is a general question type, any classical Chinese can be used) A: (1) People, events, scenes, emotions, languages (choose one).

(2) Analyze and explain the selected content (basically the same as the answer in modern Chinese). The people in the Peach Blossom Garden warmly welcomed the fishermen who came in from outside, but said to them, "It's not humane enough". Why do you think this is? (Requirements: Be able to find, find and find accurately) (Peach Blossom Garden) A: (1) Sort out from two aspects: I am passionate about outsiders because I am simple, and I am unwilling to let others know my residence because I am afraid of losing my beautiful life.

(2) To sum up: They are worried that their rich and free life will be destroyed. What personality characteristics do the underlined sentences in the article show about Mr. May 6th? (Biography by Mr. Wu Liu) Answer: (1) Understand the meaning of the sentence (approximate translation, only say the general meaning of each point) (that is, summarize it separately).

(2) Summarize the personality characteristics of Mr. Wu Liu (that is, overall generalization). What does Jiang's statement tell us? (Requirements: express in your own words) (Snake Catcher) A: (1) Summarize the contents of this "statement" of Jiang.

(2) Explain the truth: (It means the same as "tyranny is fiercer than tigers", but you can't answer this sentence). Contact example 1 Please contact Taohuayuan, drink and go back to the garden, and talk about what kind of person Tao Yuanming is in your mind. A: (1) All three articles should be discussed in combination with the content of the article.

(2) Contact yourself with life: such as being broad-minded, free and easy, pursuing tranquility and nature, and not colluding with others. Example 2: "Political integrity and harmony, everything is thriving"; "don't be happy with things, don't be sad with yourself"; "Worry about the world first, and enjoy the world later".

These three sentences are widely known for their literariness and aesthetic feeling. Please choose the one you feel most deeply, and talk about your experience in combination with Yueyang Tower and your own life. Answer: (1) Briefly explain the content of the article (please select one sentence).

(2) Contact yourself and your life. For example, every man is responsible for the rise and fall of the world; For the sake of the country and the people, those who put the interests of the people first are real people; Be an honest and good official who benefits the people.

Example 3: According to my own life practice, talk about my experience of "being born in sorrow and dying in happiness". ("Three Chapters of Mencius") A: (1) Combined with the content of the article.

(2) Connecting with oneself and life (for example, suffering plays an important role in people's growth. Have a sense of crisis and don't covet pleasure. )

The author doesn't feel a little inferior because the food and clothing conditions are a little worse than that of "sharing a room with students", which shows that he is willing but unable to do so and has high aspirations. Please combine his reading life and say a few words to himself or his classmates. (Preface to seeing Ma Sheng off to Yang) A: (1) Combined with the content of the article: eat, wear, live and travel.

(2) Contact yourself and your life. For example, focus on your studies and don't compete with others; Spiritual food is more important than material food.

Appreciation example 1 This classical Chinese is very distinctive. How do you feel after reading it? Please choose any angle (content, structure, language, etc. ) to appreciate and explain. (Letter to Zhu) A: (1) Summarize my views.

(2) Find out the key points (keywords, main points) and explain them. For example, the structural form adopts the way of total first and then division; The language adopts the rhetorical devices of dual (parallel prose) and the combination of whole and prose.

The interest expressed in the poem Drinking in Example 2 is similar to this article. Please make a simple appreciation of the famous sentence "picking chrysanthemums under the east fence and seeing Nanshan leisurely" (Return to the Garden) A: (1) Summary: Vividly describe the poet's calm, leisurely, quiet and complacent attitude towards life.

(2) Find out the key points (keywords, main points) and explain them.

5. Classical Chinese reading knowledge explains how to read classical Chinese well.

The skills of answering questions in classical Chinese and the understanding of content words should work hard at the critical point. 1, the translation of classical Chinese depends first on the meaning in front of this sentence. Because context is the best hint, the setting of the four options in this question is mostly arranged in the order of the original content, that is, the summary and analysis of the content: under the premise of understanding the meaning of the sentence, the part of speech and usage can be judged according to the position of the word in the sentence.

These are the last two questions in reading classical Chinese. Pay attention to the overall grasp. In particular, the last question "grasping the meaning of the text" and the answering skills of the classical Chinese reading question in the college entrance examination. In view of the fact that most of the reading questions in classical Chinese are mainly narrative, we should carefully look for people and things in the text when reading as a whole. 3. Infer the meaning of words with the help of the original text.

Don't take it for granted, but mobilize the knowledge reserve in your mind. 4. What's the point of not pestering in irrelevant places? Generally speaking, it is hierarchical. Try to circle the following related contents in the article: How many people are there?

The explanation given in the option can be substituted into the sentence and confirmed repeatedly in combination with the context. 5. Besides the notional words (in the outline 120) that are common in classical Chinese, the flexible use of words and the differences between ancient and modern meanings.

2. The meaning and usage of function words. It is advisable to slow down here and try to do it right. When you're done, go back and check the correctness of the previous question.

This topic can be called "Translation of Classical Chinese and Vernacular Chinese" in essence. Who is the protagonist, often choose inappropriate items, which helps to understand the full text and how to communicate with people. Then, I carefully examined the questions, and took these questions to study the phenomena of classical Chinese, such as paragraphs, ambiguities, "screening information", "grasping the meaning of the text", holidays, and partial meanings of words.

The explanation of individual morphemes in some idioms we usually accumulate can sometimes give us some enlightenment and should also be used by me to provide effective information for solving the previous problems; There are several things that are done by several people; Event relationship, then. In addition, we should pay special attention to the ambiguity of words, and be clear about people, full text content and event analysis.

So reading this article first is equivalent to reading the translation first and then reading the original text. If you understand the previous sentence, the next sentence will naturally follow. You should read the last question in classical Chinese first: 1. You should learn to circle a little, because the first volume uses the answer sheet: adhere to the principle of "words are inseparable from sentences" Use words, actions, reasons, words and their structural characteristics. Take the way of association from there to here, quickly understand the meaning, and also

Draw a clear line between people and major events. 2。

6. Function words in classical Chinese should be in "harmony".

6. Classical Chinese knowledge explains how to solve problems in classical Chinese.

Classical Chinese reading is relatively difficult, and ordinary students often can't understand it after reading it once. At this point, we should quickly browse the requirements of the test questions, especially the final summary and judgment questions, read them carefully and understand the general content of the full text, because one item of this question is often inconsistent with the original text, and the other three items are correct, that is, a mistake is often a detail problem.

Then by reading the last question, you will immediately understand the full text, and then read the original text, which will get twice the result with half the effort and be more relaxed. Second, to interpret the text by text is to use the words in the article to solve the problem.

There are mutual constraints and explanations among various factors in the article, which is a basis for readers to interpret the article. For example, in the test of 1994, "Respect for the elderly is in the East. If you don't cook, you will always get uncooked rice. Why bother to cook a meal alone?" "White rice" means white rice, because it says "You can get white rice with one month's salary …".

Third, the text notes. Fourth, understand the text.

When answering the translated sentences, we should combine the context and be good at understanding things. For example, in the sentence of 1994, "give" means "give" or "make … full?" It seems that everything can be done.

But from the analysis of the reasons, we can only take "make … full" Because as a retired official, He Ziping is not satisfied with the general support, but wants to "enrich it".

Another example is the translation of "raising a private family", which is "raising a mother at home" or "helping her manage the family"? Aside from the provisions of the word meaning, it can't be said that it is "helping the mother manage the family" only in the sense. Because this "family management" task depends on the mother who is nearly eighty years old. Why do He Ziping and He Xiaozhi have it? The focus of the classical Chinese reading test is 1. Vocabulary includes notional words and function words. Of course, the bigger the vocabulary, the better.

How big is it? The bottom line is all the real words and function words that appear in the sixth volume of high school. So in the review, sort out all the meanings of the real words and function words you want to master in the text.

At this time, in addition to consciously memorizing some unfamiliar and forgotten words, the best way is to read the text more until you can read it well, and the vocabulary will not be forgotten when you remember the content of the text, so that your ability to explain words and translate sentences will be greatly enhanced. 2. Mastering grammar skillfully If you firmly master grammar, you will firmly grasp the language characteristics of ancient Chinese, and the so-called "sense of language" will be strong.

If you have a strong sense of language, you will know "let him live", and the ancients said "live"; "Tie him with a rope", the ancients said "Tie him with a rope". In this way, even if you are called "how to punctuate cows, horses and fish with rope", you will never be labeled "how to punctuate cows, horses and fish with rope, whip and Chu", because both "rope" and "whip" punctuation have modern meanings.

3. The ability to judge the relationship between the upper and lower. Take the above-mentioned "dragging it with a rope, wrapping it with a ring, and beating Chu with a beating whip" as an example. In Rope and Binding, rope and binding are each a kind of appliance. Was Chu's last blow an instrument? Is it one or two appliances? First of all, according to the knowledge of "duality", it should be judged that if the sentence structure is the same, the words in the same position should have similar explanations, that is, they are also instruments. Secondly, from the analysis of "whipping", "beating Chu" is an instrument of "whipping".

Thirdly, from the following sentence, "I want to serve a cow freely, I want to ride freely, and I want to play with my heart", it is even more useful. Fourthly, from the perspective of adding words to explain "Chu", it can be judged as "a whipping tool"

After the exam, check: beating, passing and whipping. Chu, a small stick used to hit people in ancient times.

4. In the case of reading difficulties, you should have the ability to see whether there is ellipsis before and after, and you should have the ability to judge whether the word is connected with which word. 5. The ability to master and apply some common sense of ancient culture, and the ability to test the gap is 1. Grammatical phenomena have exceeded the requirements of curriculum standards. There are two phenomena: (1) the unnecessary "action usage" not only appears in the paragraph, but also (2) the types that never appear in the text also appear in the examination questions.

For example, in a passage by Qi Huangong in 2000, title 27 "Translate' the foundation of gold and jade, the people are precious' into modern Chinese", both of which use the grammar of "prepositional object" and belong to the category of "being a prepositional object through it, being it, and doing it", but there has only been such a category as "I don't know what to read" and never such a category as "people are precious". 2. The vocabulary exceeds that of the textbook. If a few years ago, the proposition teacher paid attention to examining students' knowledge transfer ability, and the explanation of adding words can generally find the answer from the text, then in the last two years, the explanation of adding words has appeared, but neither the H version nor the S version has appeared, completely testing your ability to judge and guess according to the meaning of the context.

For example, in a passage by Ouyang Xiu in 2000, three words "stop", "prison" and "flat residence" were added. Among them, the explanation of "stop" only appears in the words of "five-person tomb tablet"

The explanation of "prison" to "crime and case" only appeared in the "Cao Gui Debate" in junior high school. "Prison, big or small, though unobservable, must show affection". "Pingju" explains "peacetime", which has never appeared in high school textbooks.

3. Pay attention to the understanding of paragraph content and ideas. Understanding grammar and vocabulary is a tool for reading classical Chinese, but the purpose of reading classical Chinese is not limited to "reading". It is important to be influenced and educated by traditional culture in order to better inherit our splendid traditional culture. Therefore, in recent years, on the basis of reading, the topic of further understanding and understanding the whole paragraph has been added to the examination questions.

For example, in Qi Huangong's article in 2000, Question 28, "What is the most important sentence that Feng Ren thinks he said himself? .

7. Chinese classical Chinese answering skills and routine problem-solving skills What Chinese classical Chinese answering skills and routines are divided into two parts:

The first part: classical Chinese reading. Formula: Try to understand, but don't ask for an answer.

(1) Look at the last topic first to understand the general content and main events. (unless this question requires "choose the right one")

(2) Then take "Who?" "When and where to do what?" "What was the result?" "Why?" Read the article silently, read it carefully, layer the article according to the "events" and sort out the ideas of the article.

Don't worry when you encounter words you really don't understand, you must use them at the same time? Or other marks to remind yourself to read the following text first, maybe you can understand it naturally after contacting the context, or you can find the answer in the topic.

Part II: How to answer questions.

1. Interpretation of notional words in classical Chinese: This question often examines knowledge points such as polysemous notional words, ancient and modern synonyms, loanwords, biased words and flexible use of parts of speech. Answering skills: the comprehension of real words is not entirely about whether you remember the meaning of real words, but more importantly, whether you can use the context to speculate.

Master the common methods of understanding and inferring the meaning of notional words in the text;

The first type: discrimination of part of speech from the perspective of grammatical collocation.

Second, infer the meaning of words from the perspective of semantic collocation.

The third kind: Inferring the meaning of words from the perspective of context suggestion.

Fourth, infer the meaning of words from the perspective of the formation of glyphs.

Fifth, judge the meaning of words from the perspective of flexible use of parts of speech (ancient and modern different meanings)

Sixth, infer the meaning of a sentence from the perspective of symmetry of sentence structure.

Seventh, infer the meaning of words from the perspectives of pronunciation, font and reality.

Second, the content is summarized. Find out the sentences corresponding to the options in the paragraph and explain them one by one. Errors in the description or analysis of options are only at one point, mainly:

(1) Individual real (empty) words are intentionally translated incorrectly;

(2) the deeds of the characters are crowned with glory;

(3) The time and place of the incident were misplaced;

(4) Improper representation of characters;

5] out of nothing, out of nothing;

(6) imposing causality.

Third, the translation of classical Chinese. Methods: Do a good job of "modification, retention, deletion, supplement and adjustment". Be sure to translate it literally, not casually, and be faithful to the original.

Score point:

1. Correct translation of word meaning: notional words (including flexible use of parts of speech, vague meaning, rhetorical sentences), function words and fixed structures.

2. Correct translation of sentence patterns (passive sentences, judgmental sentences, ellipsis sentences, inverted sentences).

3. Accurately translate the mood of sentences (stating questions and lamenting imperative mood) and the relationship between sentences (juxtaposing and turning causal and other complex sentences).