Learn about giant pandas together

Meet the giant panda together. Everyone knows that the giant panda is the national treasure of our country. Many people like its fat body and black and white eyes. It is really cute. But do you really know about giant pandas? Now let's get to know the giant panda. The following is the contents related to giant pandas that I have carefully arranged for you.

Learn about giant pandas 1 learn about giant pandas.

When people mention the national treasure giant panda, the first thing that comes to mind is Sichuan Province. In fact, the giant panda is also closely related to Shaanxi: the panda habitat with the largest population density is in Shaanxi; The rarest wild giant panda is in Shaanxi; Beauty in National Treasure is in Shaanxi; The rare brown giant panda is also in Shaanxi. In this issue, let's learn about the national treasure giant panda.

Speaking of giant pandas, everyone often jokes: "The biggest dream is to take a color photo." About why giant pandas are black and white, some studies think it is the result of natural selection.

Pandas appeared in the Quaternary Ice Age. In that snowy and cold world, the black and white panda can hide itself in the snow, thus avoiding natural enemies.

Many times, animals with black and white spots can break the contour line, and it is difficult for hunters to judge the specific position and distance of each other. For example, zebra stripes are conspicuous, but when a group of zebras are together, the lines on their bodies are mixed with each other, so it is difficult for hunters to judge the position of a specific zebra and launch an effective attack. This is an innate "eye-covering method" for animals.

Following the completion of the 20 10 draft of the giant panda genome, scientists have also made new progress in the study of the origin and evolution of giant pandas. Giant pandas once lived in southwest China and neighboring countries, and there were two population peaks between 600,000 and 700,000 years ago and 40,000 years ago. There were two population bottlenecks 200,000 years ago and 6,543.8+0.2 million years ago. After that, the population continued to decrease, and the habitat also differentiated to the present, eventually forming six giant panda populations today. The six populations of giant pandas all have the same coat color morphology, that is, black and white giant pandas may have appeared 600 thousand years ago.

MengMeng's brown and white giant panda "Qizai".

Let's start with the rare brown giant panda. Brown giant pandas mainly inhabit the core area of Qinling Mountains in Shaanxi Province. Brown giant panda is a rare giant panda variety. Why are there brown giant pandas? Scientists have the following views:

The first one thinks that the appearance of brown giant panda may be due to the content of special trace elements in soil and water in Qinling area, which affects the synthesis of melanin in its hair.

The second one thinks that brown body hair is caused by genetic mutation.

The third view is that brown coat color is a primitive trait, that is, atavism.

The fourth view is that this is the result of homozygosity of recessive genes. Assuming that the color of body hair is controlled by a pair of genes, then the gene controlling brown body hair is recessive. Only when both parents carry this gene at the same time can their offspring be homozygous for recessive genes, thus growing brown body hair.

Further research is needed to solve the mystery of brown giant panda. ? Giant pandas have lived on the earth for at least 8 million years. Most of the mammals at the same time as the giant panda have been replaced by new species in the later geological era. Only the giant panda has survived to this day and is known as a "living fossil". By sequencing the giant panda genome, it is found that giant pandas lack "genes that feel delicious meat". Whether this gene fragment was deleted due to adaptation to natural long-term evolution, or whether this gene fragment was born missing and did not like eating meat, needs further study.

A giant panda enjoying delicious food.

In Qinling Mountains, especially in Changqing (Nature Reserve), many pandas are particularly harmonious with people, and people can get close to each other. According to the results of the fourth national panda survey, the number of giant pandas in Qinling increased from 109 in the 1980s to 345, with an increase of 2 17%, the highest in China. On average, there are 10 giant pandas per 100 square kilometer, and the density of wild giant pandas in Qinling ranks first in China.

Wild pandas eat bamboo in the snow in Changqing Nature Reserve, Qinling Mountain, Shaanxi Province.

There are obvious differences in morphology between Qinling giant panda and Sichuan giant panda. The nose bone of the giant panda in Qinling is one-fifth shorter than that of the giant panda in Sichuan, which is more round and beautiful. Compared with other giant pandas in mountainous areas, the giant pandas in Qinling Mountain are more like cats, with brown bellies, not as black and white as those in Sichuan. So many people call the Qinling Giant Panda "the beauty of national treasure".

Brown and white giant pandas in Qinling Mountains.

Giant pandas in Sichuan Panda Base.

In recent years, using morphological anatomy, molecular biology and immunology research, scientists have found that the giant panda in Qinling has been isolated from other mountain systems for at least 50,000 years, reaching the standard of subspecies differentiation, and it is a giant panda subspecies in Qinling.

Understand why the giant panda is a national treasure.

The giant panda is very cute.

Giant pandas are fat and big, and they have a big belly, so they can eat especially. They must eat a lot of food at once.

Its stomach can't digest fibrous food, but can only absorb nutrients from the juice of food.

It also likes to drink clear and bright spring water.

The giant panda's hometown is on the high mountain in the southwest of China, where there are green bamboos and springs everywhere, so the panda's main food is bamboo and springs.

Giant pandas are living fossils.

Long ago, the climate on the earth became colder and colder. There are many large ice blocks on the earth, so plants can't grow. Many animals froze to death and starved to death, but the giant panda survived in the mountains and valleys and became a treasure in the animal kingdom.

Up to now, the giant panda still retains the characteristics of ancient animals.

After thousands of years, many animals have changed, except the giant panda, which is not only loved by adults and children in appearance, but also becomes a "living fossil" for biologists to study ancient creatures.

Giant panda cold knowledge

1. All the pandas in the world are from China.

2. Red pandas will eat their mother's feces.

The life span of wild pandas is about 20 years. A one-year-old panda is equivalent to a three-year-old human. The average life expectancy of wild giant pandas is generally 15 years, and that of captive giant pandas is 17 years. It is said that the oldest panda in the panda family lived to be 37 years old, almost 100 years old of human beings.

Panda researchers dress up as pandas, which is beneficial to complete their experiments and research.

In the illegal fur trading market, the value of panda fur is between 60000–100000 USD.

6. Pandas look docile, but in fact they are fierce. Bamboo is the staple food of pandas. In addition to bamboo, pandas also eat wild fruits, insects, bamboo rats, takin and other animal carcasses. Animals living with giant pandas in bamboo forests include golden monkeys, takins and red pandas. They generally don't grab food and live in peace most of the time. However, if animals provoke them for no reason, they will also "start their hands". Although the giant panda seems to live in peace with the world, there are still some animals in its habitat that are enemies, such as golden cats, leopards, jackals, wolves and yellow-throated minks. However, they mainly attack the cubs, the old, the weak and the sick of giant pandas, because young and strong giant pandas are also "skilled in martial arts" and they inherit the fierce temperament of their ancestors. Once provoked, they will bravely fight back. They hit the enemy with their big palms and also hit the enemy with their strong bodies. Leopards and wolves are also afraid when they meet strong pandas, so they have to make a detour.

7. The earliest known panda in the West is 1869, when a French missionary was given a panda fur.

8. The estrus of female pandas is only about two days a year. Generally, the best time for female giant pandas to conceive is only 1~2 days per year. If you can't seize the opportunity to conceive in these two days, you will have to wait another year for the female giant panda to be pregnant with the red panda. No wonder the number of pandas is so rare!

9. Panda manure is organic fertilizer. Panda's gastrointestinal absorption function is not good, and 70% nutrients are retained in the feces. In addition, many other nutritious foods have been added to the food of captive giant pandas, so the content of protein and crude fiber in their feces is very high, so they can be called organic fertilizer transporters. There is a kind of tea in Sichuan called "Panda Tea", and the fertilizer applied is panda feces. Newborn pandas will eat their mother's feces, because the intestines of panda cubs are sterile, and they must ingest the same kind of feces to obtain intestinal flora which is very important for survival.