What kinds of roses are there?

introduction of p>Unison Louis XIV coffee Neptune Ondina Rose, Rosaceae, Rosa rugosa Thunb．. Rose originated in China and has been cultivated for a long time. It is not only an excellent flowering shrub but also an important perfume plant. [Morphological characteristics] Deciduous erect tufted shrub, with grayish brown stems, dense bristles and barbs, pinnately compound leaves, 5-9 leaflets, elliptic to elliptic obovate, obtuse and serrated, thick, wrinkled, bright green on the top, grayish green on the bottom, pilose or prickly, petioles and leaf axes with sparse prickles and glandular hairs. Stipules are mostly connected with petioles, with fine serrations. Flowers are solitary or 3-6 flowers are clustered, with a diameter of 6-8 cm. The flowers are fragrant, densely hairy and prickly, and the petals are purple or white, single or double. Rose fruit is oblate and red, and the tablet persists. The flowering period is from May to September, and the fruiting period is from September to October. Common varieties are: purple rose, F. Typica flower, rose purple. Red rose F. Rosea flowers rose red. White rose F. alba has white flowers. Double purple rose f.plena is a rose-purple flower with double petals, rich fragrance, good quality, and is widely cultivated everywhere. Double white rose f.albo-plena has white flowers, double. [Distribution] Originated in Liaoning, Shandong and other places, it is now cultivated and distributed all over the country, mainly in Shandong, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Guangdong. Pingyin in Shandong, Jiangou in Miaofeng Mountain in Beijing, Zhoukou Town in Shangshui County of Henan Province and Xing Wu in Zhejiang Province are all famous producing areas of roses. It is cultivated in Korea, Japan, Europe and America. [Habits] Rose is a temperate tree species, which is cold-resistant and drought-tolerant, and has no strict requirements on soil. It can grow in slightly alkaline soil, and it grows and blooms best in neutral or slightly acidic light loam with rich humus and good drainage. It likes the light most, grows poorly in the shade, has few flowers, is intolerant of water accumulation, and when it is waterlogged, its lower leaves will fall yellow, with strong sprouting and rapid growth. The ecology and species of roses originated in the east, but now they have probably spread all over the world, mainly in temperate zones. There are 25 original species including wild rose, while there are thousands of mixed species and varieties. At present, there are more than 3 species called "scented roses", but only three of them are the "parents" of other roses, which are planted in a large area because of their elegant fragrance. The first is the red rose (R.gallica), which is the easiest to breed. It is native to the Caucasus and is often called "French Rose", "Provins rose" or "Rose of Anatolia". The second kind of old rose is R.centifolia, which originated in Persia and is often called "Provence rose" or "Rose of Ispahan". It is the offspring of red rose and the parent of Mossu Rose and Cirrhorn Rose. The third kind of old rose is R.damascena, which is native to Syria and has a fragrant smell. It is the most commonly used rose for distilling essential oil and has the most medical value. The origin of roses has been cherished since ancient times, because of its charming fragrance, beautiful flower shape and bright color. It was introduced to Europe very early. In the Middle Ages, Europeans took its medical value and planted it in the gardens of monasteries. In the 18th century, the old rose varieties were the most precious. In 1816, the first hybrid rose that blooms all the year round, the Rose du roi, appeared, and then a variety of new roses appeared. Since before the French Revolution, the French have been distilling roses to this day. At that time, the main purpose was to extract the world-famous rose pure dew, but the essential oil was a by-product. In 1987, the output of rose essential oil in the world was 15 to 2 tons. Bulgaria was the largest producer at that time, while the United States was the main importer. Other countries producing essential oils were Turkish, French, Moroccan, Indian and China. Damascus rose is planted in Bulgaria, and the rose essential oil is extracted by distillation. The rose essential oil produced by Berger is also a Bulgarian rose. Most of the oily parts are petals, but the stamens also contain some oil, which can be added to the petals for extraction. France, on the other hand, uses volatile solvents to extract the raw materials of Chiba rose. In 1888, Damascus rose was planted in Miltitz near Leipzig. Since 1894, it has been planted in Anatolia, Turkey. Today, there are many distilleries to visit in various parts of Turkey. Solvent extraction of essential oils in Bulgaria began in 194, and this extraction method has become very common since then. Damascus rose is planted in many places in the Balkan Peninsula with a height of 3-8 meters. Many experts claim that this rose essential oil "flying high" is better than the rose on the flat ground. In 1931, Russia began to grow roses, especially in Crimea and Transcaucasia. A variety called Novinka can even survive in the harsh environment of ultra-low temperature. In just four to six weeks, 4, to 5, tons of Damascus roses are distilled in Morocco. With modern distillation methods, they can extract 15 tons a day, some of which are extracted by distillation and the rest by solvent. The Romans used a lot of roses and sprinkled them from the roof when entertaining guests; Sacrifice roses to your favorite god; And wear roses to prevent drunkenness. Tarpuin the Superb's garden is famous for planting all kinds of roses, and his gardener is loved by the whole city. Vergil once described that Cupid asked heckert's body to be painted with rose essence. Greeks also love to use roses. Homer praised roses in (Eliot) and (Odyssey). Ancient Egyptians used roses for religious ceremonies. Roses can still be seen on the mummy's side in graves. At present, there are more than 1 kinds of roses, including white roses, red roses, blue roses, pink roses, light pink roses, yellow roses, double-color roses and so on. In fact, most of the roses are new varieties of roses improved and developed by using several common roses. There are not many original species of roses, but after cross breeding, at least 15 thousand species have been officially registered. According to the size of roses, they can be divided into four categories: big-wheel, middle-wheel, small-wheel and vine. At present, there are the most varieties of roses in the world, with large flowers, one flower per stem, and the representative variety is Heping Dior. It is widely used in the middle rotation, and the flowers are about 6 ~ 1 cm in size. The representative varieties are Hongmudian and Jolina. The flowers of the small wheel are only about 1.5 ~ 2.5 cm, with small inflorescences and short plants, which can be used as small potted plants or flower beds for beautification. The representative varieties are Little Sunset and Shi Dalina. The vine species, which is derived from the mating breeding of vine roses or the mutation of non-vine roses, can reach 4 ~ 6 cm high and has no climbing ability, so it is necessary to fix branches manually.