An article takes you to the music score.

In the easiest way to understand, the score is actually a musical text.

The author's thoughts are disseminated to all readers through written records; Similarly, the creator of music conveys all the information to the performer by virtue of the score.

From the most basic key, pitch, speed and rhythm, to the high-order decorative effect, strong and weak changes, and even the emotional tone and color of the paragraph, it will be expressed through the score.

In other words, reading music is the basis of all performances, and it should also be the basic quality that every performer must have.

Nowadays, almost all national musical instruments are played by universal notation. So let's talk about it today.

The so-called notation, as the name implies, is a simple notation.

Because it uses the most commonly used numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 to mark the names of notes do, re, mi, fa, sol, la, si, it looks more familiar and acceptable than the symbols of staff.

Moreover, the marks on the spectrum are much simpler and more regular than those on the staff.

Let's say in turn:

This is the agreed information at the top of the spectral plane, such as the following example.

The tuning is determined by the logo in the upper left corner of the spectrum, such as "1=C" in the above example. 1 means do, and c means c key.

Secondly, the basic beat of music, which is usually 2/4 beat, 3/4 beat and 4/4 beat.

The denominator represents how many beats there are in a bar, and the numerator represents how many beats there are in a bar. For example, a quarter note is taken as a beat, and there are four beats in a bar.

What does that part mean?

If every note is like a word, then a bar is a complete sentence. An article consists of many sentences. Similarly, a piece of music is composed of many bars.

Every bar conveys symbols? If the music ends, it will end with.

The beat mentioned above, such as the 4/4 beat in this example, actually defines the basic rhythm pattern of all the notes in a bar.

For the performance of music, in addition to the agreed rhythm type, the more important significance lies in the contrast between its strength and weakness.

For example, the relationship between the strength of 2/4 beats is "strength", which means that in a bar, the first beat is strong and the second beat is weak. 3/4 time is "strong, weak, weak" and 4/4 time is "strong, weak, sub-strong, weak".

In the introduction of musical instruments, we have mentioned that the expressive force of music is accomplished through comparison. There are strong and weak; There are fast and slow; There are highs and lows, and such music is infectious.

Listening to music is like reading an article, like watching a mountain, not like peace.

Therefore, the basic contrast between the strength and weakness represented by the beat is a particularly important hint. If it can be done well, the performance level will definitely go up a step.

By analogy, the larger the number, the more beats are completed in 1 second per minute, which means the faster the music.

Let's start with a simple example.

Pitch, as mentioned above, is to record the roll call with numbers. But that's just 1(do) to 7(si) in a scale. How to score higher or lower?

It's very simple, just click the "﹒" above or below the corresponding number.

For example, if it is treble 1, a "﹒" will be clicked above 1; If the bass is 1, a "﹒" will be clicked under 1.

In other words, the more "﹒" on the number, the higher the sound; The more "﹒" below the number, the lower the sound.

For example, 1 in the example has a dot on it, so it is all the concept of high-pitched 1.

The pitch is clear, so let's talk about the duration. The so-called duration is also the length of a note in time.

The most standard length is what we commonly call a beat, which is expressed by the number 1(do) without underline in notation.

If you want to lengthen the same time as the last note, you can draw a "-"after the number. For example, 2 beats is 1(do), which means "1-", 3 beats is "1-" and 4 beats is "1-".

If you want to lengthen the previous note by half, you can simplify it by adding a point. For example, "1﹒" is the pitch of 1(do) 1 half a beat.

If you want to shorten it, you can mark "_" below the number to indicate it. Every time you add a "_", it means that the duration is halved.

The concept of shortening to nothing, that is, empty beat, is represented by the number 0 in notation.

This can be clearly seen by underlining the numbers in the example.

There are high and low pitches and long and short durations. Different pitches are connected to form a melody, and different sound lengths are connected to form a rhythm.

These are two basic attributes of a piece of music.

As the name implies, such a sign was born to enrich the performance effect, so its diversity is determined by keeping up.

What's more, different musical instruments can produce different decorative effects because of their different structures and playing methods, which requires in-depth research in a certain musical instrument industry.

Generally speaking, the most common decorative effect is the beat, marked by "tr", which means that in the performance of this note, the vibrato effect is achieved by alternately pressing the tone with two fingers.

There are also decorative sounds, pass "?" On the spectrum. To mark is to play a decorative tone before the tonic, so as to enrich the playing effect of the tonic.

The hyphen "⌒" is used to indicate the continuous expression of multiple sounds and so on.

For example, the ones I circled in the following example.

There are mainly two ways to express mood and emotional change, such as the following example.

First, the emotional tone.

Usually in Italian or text form, expressed at the top of the corresponding paragraph. For example, "Leggiero" means brisk, "Maestoso" means solemn, "with joy", "with sorrow", "with red face" and "with a little freedom" and so on.

Second, emotional changes.

There are two main changes in speed and intensity, which are usually expressed by Italian abbreviations. For example, in terms of speed, "rit" stands for slowing down, "accel" stands for getting up, "tempo" stands for slowing down and so on.

There is also strength, "P" stands for weak, "mf" stands for medium strong and "F" stands for strong. "Kreski." Become more and more powerful. Represents weakness and so on.

Among them, gradually strengthening and gradually weakening are usually "

The above are the basic framework and common marks of notation.

It is worth mentioning that although notation is the most commonly used notation for playing national musical instruments at present, it is completely imported.

Historically, our traditional music score was mainly Miyachi notation, and Guqin performance also had a special subtraction notation.

These traditional notation records the name, rhythm and playing method of the volume through Chinese characters and their variants.

Today, most of our traditions have become antiques, but outsiders have become the mainstream. Is this good or bad?

It's really hard to judge.

However, this is how history develops, and it will certainly develop in a more standardized, unified, acceptable and universal direction.

Because without an audience, it means there will be no future.

I have been studying piano for more than 20 years, and all I see are simple songs. What is Miyachi Spectrum? It's gone.

We may lament and try to protect.

However, it is undeniable that notation has become a standard in the performance of national musical instruments, bearing and witnessing all the ups and downs in this field.