Poetry describing depression

Pity that he is wearing thin clothes, but he is worried that charcoal can't be sold, hoping it will be colder. -Tang Dynasty: Bai Juyi's Charcoal Man

Xing, the people suffer; Death, people suffer! -Yuan Zhang's "Goat Tongguan Nostalgia"

Introduction of goat Tongguan nostalgia;

1, "Goat Tongguan Nostalgia" is a Sanqu work by Zhang, a writer in Yuan Dynasty. This is what he did when he went to Shaanxi for disaster relief through Tongguan.

2. Looking back, this song reflects the sufferings of the people from the rise and fall of the dynasty, points out the opposition between feudal rule and the people, and shows the author's thinking about history and sympathy for the people. The starting point of this kind of sympathy and care is the Confucian thought of helping the people by running the country, which is common in the traditional five-seven-character poems, but rare in the Yuan Dynasty Sanqu.

3. The whole song adopts a layered and in-depth way, from writing scenery to recalling the past, to triggering discussion, which perfectly combines endless scenery, deep emotions and meticulous discussion, and is extremely infectious. The lines between the lines are full of historical vicissitudes and a sense of the times, which not only has the characteristics of nostalgic poems, but also has a unique depressed style.

Creative background:

Zhang is an honest official and loves the people like a son. In the second year of Tian Li (1329), due to the drought in Guanzhong, he was appointed as a relief worker in Shaanxi province. After living in seclusion, he decided not to set foot in his official career, but when he heard that he had been recalled to help the hungry people in Shaanxi, he resolutely resigned regardless of his age. During his life in the Western Qin Dynasty, he witnessed the profound disasters of the people, was filled with emotion and indignation, squandered all his wealth, tried his best to provide disaster relief, and finally died of overwork. After his death, "Guanzhong people mourned for their parents" (Biography of Yuan Zhang).

"Goat Tongguan Nostalgia" was written on the way to Guanzhong on the phone. Zhang Chuan of the Yuan Dynasty said: "In the past two years, there was a great drought in Guanzhong, and the hungry people ate each other. In particular, Zhang was invited to visit Shaanxi Taiwan. Get in the car and take the road. If you are hungry, you will be liberated, and the dead will be buried. " Zhang wrote this poem "herding sheep on a hillside" during the drought in Guanzhong.

Zhang has been a scholar since childhood. He once presented books to Pingzhang Buhumu and was promoted. Later, he served as Yin of Tangyi County, and supervised the army. Because of his comments on current politics, he offended those in power and was removed from office, so he had to remain anonymous to avoid disaster. After being called up, the official went to the Ministry of rites.

At the age of 50, he resigned and retired to Trang Van. During the drought in Guanzhong, he was re-appointed and rushed to Shaanxi to save the people. Years of ups and downs in his official career made him lose all his fame and fortune, and he no longer cared about the ruler's judgment on himself; Trang Van's seclusion in Jinan not only made him appreciate and praise the natural scenery, but also made him observe the sufferings of people's livelihood. Respecting Mencius' people-oriented thought made him deeply realize the importance of people's livelihood; His outspoken character gave him the courage to face the reality and speak his true thoughts. The hardships of ordinary people's lives in Yuan Dynasty were expressed by writers in the form of nostalgia.

This concern for the people made him "give all his help to the people in April, and every time he cried, he could not afford to get sick." This is the true nature and life of a conscientious scholar, and it was rare in the society at that time.

The rulers of the Yuan Dynasty practiced a policy of ethnic discrimination against scholars, and it was not until the second year of Yuan Renzong's extension (13 15) that the system of selecting scholars in the imperial examination was formally implemented. Moreover, this system is unfair, which largely caused the lower class scholars to lose confidence in the rulers of the Yuan Dynasty and lack a sense of social responsibility. Therefore, the works of other writers in the same period are deeply branded with the times: either they are sentimental about the ancient dynasty. Or lament the great changes in ancient and modern times, revealing the fear of the uncertainty of the world and life; Or feel that the years have passed and express personal feelings of sinking. Only Tongguan's nostalgia is permeated with heavy vicissitudes and a sense of the times.