What is the historical background of the construction of Qin Shihuang Mausoleum?

Located more than ten miles east of Lintong County, Shaanxi Province, there is Lishan Mountain in the south and Weishui River in the north, which can be said to be a "land of geomantic omen". According to "Historical Records of the First Qin Emperor", "When the first emperor ascended the throne, he ruled the world through Mount Li, sent more than 700,000 people, went through three springs and descended bronze, and all the officials in the palace were strange things." In 246 BC, Qin Shihuang, who was only 13 years old, began to build a mausoleum shortly after he ascended the throne. However, until his death at the age of 50 (2 10 BC), the mausoleum was not completely built, which shows that the project is huge. The design of this mausoleum is really tiring. "Let the craftsman make a bolt and put on something close to the body for those who need archery. Take mercury as a hundred rivers and seas, instill machines, there is astronomy on the top and geography on the bottom. Taking mermaid cream as a candle, those who won't die long ... those who have done great things, been jealous, closed their doors and closed their craftsmen have never made a comeback. Trees and grass are like mountains. " According to records, when Qin Ershi buried Qin Shihuang, he let Gong E in the palace be buried in it, and also locked up the craftsmen who repaired the tomb and buried them alive.

The mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor is a man-made mountain mausoleum. After more than 2,000 years of wind and rain erosion, its height is still nearly 50 meters, which shows the majestic appearance of that year. The existing mausoleum is a square cone rammed earth platform, which is 345 meters long from east to west and 350 meters long from north to south. There are two walls around, 3 kilometers inside and 6 kilometers outside. Although this mausoleum was destroyed by Xiang Yu, there are still things underground. In recent years, more than 8,000 terracotta warriors and horses, bronze carriages, etc. There are excavations on the periphery of the mausoleum, which shows its unparalleled greatness. The practice of Qin Shihuang's mausoleum later influenced the Han Dynasty and even later dynasties. For example, the mausoleum is arranged in the shape of astronomy on the top and geography on the bottom, with mercury as a symbol of rivers and oceans.