What is beyond the Great Wall? What is the history beyond the Great Wall?

Ancient refers to the area north of the Great Wall, also known as the northern section of the Great Wall. Including Inner Mongolia, Gansu, Ningxia, Hebei and other provinces, the northern part of the autonomous region and the Mongolian Plateau, political, military and cultural centers and forest areas outside the Great Wall.

Yong Zhengdi: "One of the unification of China began in Qin Dynasty; A series beyond the Great Wall began in the Yuan Dynasty; It was extremely prosperous in our dynasty. Since ancient times, there has been a Chinese and foreign family with a vast territory, and no one is like me. "

History beyond the Great Wall

Those historical figures of Datong who have gone far away clearly emerge in front of us, as if they had returned to the historical past. Historical figures such as King Wuling of Zhao, Wei Qing, Huo Qubing, Tuo Boshu, Yang Jiajiang, Xiao Taihou, Xu Da, Li Wenzhong and Aquamarine have emerged one after another. Many years ago, it was also here that the Great Wall of Wan Li was covered with snow, the Yanmenguan where war horses screamed, and the dusty ancient battlefield. How many thrilling stories they performed were recorded in the history books of China.

Let's start with King Wuling of Zhao, the son of King Su Hou of Zhao during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. At that time, in the battle against the invasion of the Hu people, he found that the Hu people were wearing short coats and riding fast horses to shoot arrows, which was far more effective than Zhao Jun wearing armor and driving chariots. Therefore, he called ministers to discuss state affairs and wanted to promote Khufu riding and shooting to enhance the combat effectiveness of the army.

However, ministers opposed the Central Plains civilization on the grounds that they should not imitate barbarians. But he insisted that clothes are for convenience and ethics is for convenience. Sages judge the situation and formulate etiquette laws with the aim of enriching the country and strengthening the people. At the moment of national survival, we must adapt to the needs of the development of the situation.

He overcame many obstacles and issued imperial edicts to the whole country, ordering the people to put on Hu clothes and learn to ride horses and shoot arrows. Soon, Zhao trained a powerful army and expanded its territory to northern Hebei Province, northern Shanxi Province and Tuoxian County in Inner Mongolia by force, becoming the seven great powers in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period.

The ancients said that those who know the times are heroes. Like King Wuling of Zhao, Tuoba Hong, Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty, was also a monarch who dared to reform. After he took office, in order to get rid of the influence of Xianbei conservative forces and strengthen the control of the Central Plains, he made a major decision to learn from the civilized and advanced Han people and moved millions of Xianbei people from Datong to Luoyang.

However, this decision was opposed by many princes and ministers, and even the prince rebelled. Emperor Xiaowen is worthy of being a generation of wise masters. He completed his reform ambition at the cost of blood.

After moving the capital to Luoyang, he made a decree that anyone who moved the capital to Luoyang should change his native place and be buried in Mangshan, Luoyang. Xianbei clothes should be changed into Hanfu, Xianbei language should be banned in the DPRK, Xianbei surname should be changed into Han surname, and Xianbei nobles should be encouraged to intermarry with Han clan. He himself married four women, Cui, Lu, Zheng and Wang, and married several princesses to the Han nationality.

His series of reforms promoted the political and economic development of the Northern Wei Dynasty, promoted the integration of Xianbei nationality and Han nationality, further sinicized Xianbei nationality and became a famous historical figure in China.

Extended data:

Gradually scarce

The word "beyond the Great Wall", as a geographical division, is not a simple concept of orientation like northeast and southwest. The meaning of "frontier" refers to the division of Han farming civilization and northern nomadic tribes in history.

After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), due to the independence of Outer Mongolia and the adjustment of administrative divisions, all the other four provinces were abolished (the name of the province was only "Ningxia", but the number of provinces and regions was greatly reduced), and some areas were included in Hebei Province and Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, all of which became Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.

Because there is only one administrative region left, and Inner Mongolia itself includes not only Saibei, but also the northeast and west. Coupled with the above reasons, the word Saibei is rarely used in geographical divisions now. ? After the government of the Republic of China moved to Taiwan, geography textbooks continued to use zoning methods and concepts outside the Great Wall.

It was not until the education reform began in190' s that textbooks were abandoned to conform to the reality, but the geographical division was different from that of the mainland. Chinese mainland classified Inner Mongolia into North China, while mongolia local (Outer Mongolia) was moved to the world geographic index as an independent country.

References:

Baidu encyclopedia-beyond the Great Wall