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Translation of Man Jing's Travel Notes

The climate in Beijing is very cold. After the Flower Festival, the cold in winter has not dissipated, and the cold wind often blows, which will raise the dust all over the sky. I had to hide in the house, but I couldn't get out if I wanted to go out for a walk. Every time I go out by car against the wind, I always come back in less than a hundred steps.

On February 22nd, the weather was a little warmer. Some friends and I walked out of Dongzhimen and arrived in Man Jing. There are rows of tall willows on both sides of the levee, and the fertile land is a little wet. Looking around, it is an open scene, like a swan flying out of a cage (extremely relaxed). At this time, the ice on the river began to melt, and the water waves suddenly flashed and rippled like fish scales. The water is very clear, you can see the bottom of the river, sparkling, as if the mirror had just been hit, and the cold light suddenly flashed out of the box. The mountains are so beautiful, smooth and charming after being washed away by melted snow water, as if a beautiful girl had just combed her hair after washing her face. Wicker is about to be stretched, but it hasn't been stretched yet. The tender tips are scattered in the wind, and the seedlings are unearthed, about one inch high. There are not many tourists, but people who drink tea with spring water, sing with wine and ride donkeys in colorful clothes can be seen from time to time. Although the wind is still strong, you are sweating when you walk. Birds sunbathing on the beach and fish floating on the water to absorb water are both leisurely, and their feathers and scales are full of joy. I just know if there is spring outside the suburbs, but people living in the city don't know.

Only the official position of "professor" can roam freely among rocks and plants, and will not delay official business because of sightseeing. And that place full of wells is just near my residence, and my sightseeing starts from this place. How can there be no recorded articles? The following February.

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This article was written in the 27th year of Wanli (1599). Man Jing is an ancient well three miles east of Andingmen. The well is full of flying springs, which are inexhaustible in winter and summer. By the well, green vines, lush grass, clear canals, scattered pavilions and beautiful scenery were a good place for Beijing suburbs to explore victory at that time.

At the beginning, indicate the season and place. Yan Di, referring to present-day Beijing and northern Hebei, belonged to Yan State in ancient times. In the old customs, the 15th day of February (February 12th or the second day of February) is the birthday of Baihua, which is called Flower Festival. On this day, people will go to the wild to enjoy the spring scenery. But after this year's Flower Festival, there is still no news of flowers, and the residual cold is still very severe. It can be seen that the weather in the north is cold and spring comes late.

Next, following the above words, "The cold is still strong", I will focus on the severity of sandstorms. The wind is a "frozen wind" and has the feeling of freezing; And often blow. When the wind blows, the sand flies around and it is almost impossible to go out. Once you go out, you can't stop looking back in less than a hundred steps. This is about the contradiction between the desire to travel and the inability to travel. The author is a person who likes to travel and is active. Now that the flower festival is over, I don't know what flowers are like. As a result, the plan for a spring outing was already unbearable, but it was blocked by the cold wind and gravel, and I had to "squeeze into a room". My frustration and frustration can be imagined.

Next, the author describes the harmonious spring scenery he saw when he traveled around the well on the 22nd. The words "sunny on the 22nd" describe the weather and mood. The word "He" not only describes the warmth of the weather, but also reveals the thawing of the author's mood, so he immediately left Dongzhimen with some friends and went to Man Jing. "The high willows sandwich the embankment, and the soil paste is slightly moist", which is what you see when you go out of the suburbs; A person who is "locked indoors and can't get out" suddenly comes to the wild, sees tall willows on both sides of the river bank and smells the fragrance of wet soil, and his heart can't help but overflow with the joy of spring. He looked around the countryside, a vast, happy mood like a bird out of the cage, flying to the vast spring in Yuan Ye. "If you get rid of the cage", the mandarin fish is a swan, which describes the joy of getting rid of the cramped situation.

Write the beauty of spring water in a few words: "The ice skin begins to melt" and "When the ice is released, the waves are bright at first sight", and point out that the residual cold recedes, the thin ice disappears at first, and the spring water begins to appear clear. The words "beginning" and "first sight" are very apt to fasten the scene of early spring. "The scales are layered, crystal clear, crystal clear as a new mirror, and the cold light suddenly comes out of the box." It is written that the breeze blows over the water, rippling like fish scales, and the clear water shines like a dressing box just opened in the morning, reflecting the clear light of the mirror. The "new opening" and "new opening" of Mirror and Cold Light, and the "first opening" and "first opening" and "first opening" of Ice describe the starting point of a day and a year, which echo each other and have a sense of urgency, which shows the author's observation. In addition, it is also beautiful to compare the bright spring water with the newly opened mirror; At the same time, it can also remind people of beautiful women who look in the mirror in the morning makeup, which has two meanings related to the outside and the inside.

The phrase "the mountain is washed by clear snow" is about the beauty of the spring mountain. The snow in the mountains was melted by sunny days, and the lush mountains looked particularly bright, as if they had been washed, as if a beautiful woman who had just washed her face was combing her bun. The word "start" means that the beauty just finished wearing makeup in the morning. Compared with the metaphor of spring with mirror above, this metaphor refers to mountains and water respectively, but they are connected in one breath, bringing out the beauty of dressing in the mirror, so that the spring water and spring water can be integrated into one, giving people a harmonious aesthetic feeling of mutual growth.

After writing about water and mountains, I turned to writing about plants. Willow is a sensitive messenger of spring and a symbol of spring scenery. "Wicker Will Not Relax" is written about the willow buds just spit out, and the branches are pale yellow and green, just like blossoming buds, which want to open and close, and have a unique charm. The "soft pointed cloak" describes the dynamic beauty of willow trees. Gentle willow tips, although not hanging a thousand gold threads, have been dancing low against the warm spring breeze. It is vivid to write the charm of willow in early spring with the words "softness" and "ride". These sentences are written about willows, in response to the previous sentence "high willows with dikes" for further appreciation and appreciation. "Shallow Wheat Field" responds to the previous sentence "The soil paste is slightly moist", and the line of sight is from high to low: on the endless flat domain, the green wheat seedlings have poked their heads out of the fragrant soil, just one inch, as neat as a short horsehair. The author clearly shows the characteristics of the scenery and his own aesthetic feelings with extremely concise words, and every sentence is filled with clear and pleasant feelings.

The above paragraphs are written from the first impression when I first arrived in the wild, and then the beauty of spring water, spring mountains, willows and wheat seedlings is displayed layer by layer, forming a picture of the early spring scenery in the northern suburbs, which is dazzling and refreshing. This is the first level to describe the scenery in early spring.

Then write about tourists in early spring. The cold has just passed, spring has not yet arrived, and there are not many tourists. But spring came after all, and the first picnickers followed. The author wrote several patterns of tourists: "people famous for their spring tea" drink spring water to make tea, which is elegant and leisurely; The "singer" sings while drinking, generous and happy; In "Dressed in Red", a woman wears gorgeous clothes and walks slowly on a donkey, which seems calm and comfortable. "It happens all the time" means that you can see it often. This sentence is reversed by the phrase "although tourists are not prosperous", which shows that there are quite a few people wandering in spring. The author obviously appreciates and has a good impression on these tourists who have just come to the suburbs for spring. "Although the wind is not strong, you will sweat when you walk on your feet." These two sentences are to express your feelings. Although the wind in the suburbs is still a little strong, you can still obviously feel the warmth of spring when you swim on foot. This section, from the perspective of tourists, writes various modes of enjoyment, which is tantamount to a picture of a spring outing in the suburbs. They not only enjoyed the earliest spring scenery, but also added a lot of vitality and warmth to the scenery of Han Han's early retirement. This flashback pen has become the second level to describe the scenery in early spring.

The words "birds exposed to sand" are about creatures in nature. "Sand-exposed bird" refers to a bird basking in the sun on the beach; "Sipping the scales of waves" means that fish breathe in water waves. Exposing sand, describing the tranquility of birds; Xia Lang described the freedom and naivety of fish. The author summarizes the leisure feeling of all creatures in nature in spring through the dynamic and static modality of fish and birds. He even found and felt that there was a "jubilation" between the feathers of birds and the scales and fins of fish. This is really a subtle observation, and it has become the spokesman for fish and birds. The so-called "mountains and rivers are vivid, fish and birds are vivid", and the author uses the means of painters and the sensitivity of poets to write the scenery in early spring vividly. This paragraph focuses on the creatures in nature, which constitutes the third level of description of spring scenery.

Through the description of the above three levels, an aesthetic conclusion is drawn: "I know there is no spring before the beginning, but people in the city don't know." Spring is in the suburbs, and people living in the city don't know it yet. Unfortunately, I failed to live up to spring! Compared with the beginning "I am locked in a room, but I can't get out", I can feel the author's heartfelt relief. In the suburbs, he breathed the breath of early spring and the vigorous vitality of nature, and his depression and cold were swept away at this time. In addition, this is in stark contrast to the previous scene of "sand and stones flying as soon as the wind freezes". "There is no spring if you know your hometown", which is the conclusion of the author's outing. The word "beginning to know" comes from the deep feeling of seeing God. In other words, when he stood outside the suburban fields and bathed in the bright spring, he was very emotional for those who had lived in the city for a long time and could not feel the breath of early spring. Xin Qiji's "Partridge Sky" said, "Peach and plum are full of sorrow and rain, and spring is in Xitou." Yuan Zhonglang's feelings have a lot in common at this point, so its implication seems to be not limited to the perception of spring scenery, but contains the beautiful feelings of arousing people to get rid of the secular and yearn for nature.

Write the scenery, people, fish and birds on it, and then shoot the adults themselves. "Only this official can walk between rocks and vegetation without swimming." I am the only official who can wander freely between rocks and plants without delaying his official duties because of playing. At that time, he worked as an instructor in Shuntian official school, and he was a freelancer. He had time to indulge in travel and was not afraid of delaying his official duties. The word "only this official" has a sense of pride and masturbation. He was not annoyed to be an official at leisure, but was deeply glad that there was no vulgar feudal officialdom habit, which revealed Yuan Zhonglang's unique temperament and personality.

Finally, "this place should be close" literally means that this place is just near my residence, but the word "close" not only refers to the similarity of spatial distance, but also refers to the similarity of temperament and personality. Mountains and rivers also have temperament. Xin Qiji said, "I see how charming Qingshan is, and I also expect Qingshan to see me like this" ("He Xinlang"). This reflects the feeling of being integrated with me, such as meeting friends. "The rest of the journey will start from here", which means that this trip full of wells will be an unforgettable beginning. How can you not write down this wonderful first impression? Turning feelings into words is to consolidate memory, review from time to time and fully reveal the author's cherished feelings as soon as possible. In fact, the year before the author wrote this travel note (twenty-six years of Wanli), he had traveled all over the well and wrote a poem. However, he said here that "the rest of the journey begins from now on" probably because this feeling is particularly profound, so it is a good start. Finally, it is pointed out that the writing time of this travel note is "February of Jihai", that is, February of the 27th year of Wanli (1599). Written at the end of the article, it is a common format of ancient travel notes.

This travel note describes the weather in the early spring in the north, which can not only convey the god of mountains and rivers, but also be filled with the author's carefree and yearning feelings everywhere. The author begins with the story that spring can't be seen in the city, and then writes about exploring spring in the suburbs and writing the attractive scenery of early spring in the suburbs step by step. Finally, he concluded: "I know that there is no spring outside the suburban fields before the start, but city residents don't know this." The initial reaction was cramped, and there was a great difference between bitterness and joy, which showed the author's natural and unrestrained feelings of refusing the noisy urban life and trusting the mountains and rivers. This free and easy feeling permeates the whole scenery writing, which makes the words have fresh and quiet pastoral rhythm. Simple sketches and appropriate metaphors add a lot of poetry to the article.

(Excerpted from the Dictionary of Ancient Chinese Appreciation by Shanghai Dictionary Publishing House, by Wu)