Kneel for the way to celebrate the New Year.

Changes of Customs in the Sixty Years of Spring Festival

Spring Festival in the 1990s

Look at the advertisements of merchants during the Spring Festival and you will know how busy the people are during the Spring Festival. They said, "Make a phone call to celebrate the New Year and have a happy reunion", "Watching fireworks and firecrackers in the suburbs of Beijing is really lively" and "I am not at home during the Spring Festival, and the holiday train travels around the world". In a word, it's an old imperial calendar to watch a party in jiaozi at home, and it's also necessary to have personality and originality during the holidays. This made Beijingers feel confused during the Spring Festival: they couldn't book a tour group, they had to pay for shopping in the supermarket, the bowling alley was full, and they wanted to rent a car to go around the suburbs. This car has already been reserved. The Spring Festival is full of fun. Watching plays, movies, concerts and even TV channels are all "Spring Festival travel rush fever"-there are too many programs, and the threshold is squeezed. It is not easy to seek novelty and difference. It is no exaggeration to say that after the first month, we must plan how to spend the Spring Festival next year, because we are slow to move and can't keep up with the plan, so we can only have a regrettable Spring Festival.

The way people celebrate festivals is changing day by day, and the consciousness of leisure and vacation is becoming stronger and stronger. In people's minds, the Spring Festival has gradually changed from a reunion festival to a good opportunity for a holiday, and improving the quality of life has also started from this most traditional festival.

Move to the restaurant for the New Year's Eve family dinner.

More than half of the families don't pack their own jiaozi, and the quick-frozen jiaozi is out of stock.

After a hard year, it's time to enjoy the Spring Festival food again. Preparing New Year's Eve dinner is a traditional concept of every family. But the better you eat, the more you want to eat something convenient and light for the New Year. The minds of ordinary people have long been pondered by businesses. 1992, Xidan vegetable market launched five kinds of family packages, each ranging from 50 yuan to 70 yuan, and simple processing at home is a hearty New Year's Eve dinner.

According to the old ceremony, almost all restaurants in Beijing are closed because of the Spring Festival, and every household is busy cooking at home. Who will patronize the restaurant? But by 1994, we can't see the most common red paper "Spring Break" during the Spring Festival. It has become a fashion to hold family dinners in restaurants. Instead of being busy at home, it is better to have a solid meal in a restaurant. Merchants have also seen this. For the sake of good business and good business relationship, they don't close the door and work overtime to hold a family dinner. 196, Beijing hosted a New Year's Eve dinner, and 100 stores had a very lively family dinner. By 1997, the New Year's Eve dinner should also be booked. If you book late, you will go home to cook and freeze jiaozi.

1990 or so, hotpot and mutton hotpot are popular, followed by roast duck, Cantonese cuisine, Sichuan cuisine, Shanghai cuisine, Hunan cuisine, braised mutton and home-cooked dishes. The restaurant also racked its brains to change the pattern for the New Year's Eve dinner. Arrived at 1996, even Jiaozi City became popular.

Many people still remember the old custom of "breaking jiaozi for five years", but it was chilly in jiaozi on the fifth day. More than half of the families in Beijing no longer pack their own jiaozi, and the quick-frozen jiaozi is out of stock. Even making dumpling wrappers has become a "new industry". A small vendor can sell 30 to 40 kilograms of dumpling wrappers during the Spring Festival.

New year's chicken, duck and fish play a supporting role

The food cost is less than 0/5 of 65438+ Spring Festival expenses, and13 of the money is used to make friends.

In the 1990s, the first month was approaching, and it was hard to see the "food" of big bags and small bags overwhelming people. "We also eat sea cucumbers and squid on weekdays. Why do we have to catch up with the Spring Festival?" Rapeseed oil, which is expensive in grain stores, has also begun to be left out in the cold. 1992 Spring Festival, although "per person 10 kg during the Spring Festival" was posted, it still failed to achieve the purpose of promotion. Because Beijingers know that there are plenty of better "green treasures" and "camel labels", and there is no need to hoard them.

Although food is the most important thing for people, according to a survey of 1994, although almost every household has to buy food during the Spring Festival, the cost of food is less than 1/5, of which 1/3 is used to make friends. Eating is no longer the main theme of Chinese New Year in Beijing. People spend more energy and money on their own construction and communication.

It is more affordable for Beijingers to eat and play during the New Year. It is a fashion to start wholesale in the new year. Go to the aquatic product market to approve seafood, go to Dazhong Temple to wholesale fruits, and of course wholesale flowers. Last Spring Festival, Beijing sold more than 300,000 potted flowers, with a sales volume of nearly150,000 yuan, which is similar to the benefit of a large and medium-sized shopping mall.

1995, the necessary new year's goods are the golden wedding god of wealth and the word Dafu. 1995 there is another small thing in the spring festival: the happy ball. This is the lead singer of Happy Spring Festival products after the "ban". Billions of happy balls exploded in that Spring Festival: both safe and emotional.

Mascots are also new year's goods. 1996 rats are everywhere, 1998 tigers are everywhere.

Happy travel has become the fashion of the new year.

Spring Festival travel rush, from the off-season to the "golden season", air ticket discount has become history.

On the 30th anniversary of 1992, five young people who went to Harbin to watch ice lanterns became news figures, and the concept of having a reunion year was quietly changed. This year, the practice of 50% discount on air tickets in Spring Festival travel rush has become history. The days when the whole family sat around and watched the Spring Festival party are over.

1996 Spring Festival ushered in the longest public holiday. From the first day to the seventh day, ticket prices began to rise. The Spring Festival has changed from the off-season to the "golden season".

1997 It is also difficult to travel for the New Year. 1996,65438+February, Hainan, Kunming, Xishuangbanna, Xiamen, Wuyishan and other Southeast Asian and domestic routes were full. According to statistics, 1997, the number of Chinese New Year tourists in Beijing is around 654.38 million.

Starting from 1997, people who stayed in Beijing for the New Year included Jiaozi watching the evening party and another program: watching the lights. Beijing is all dressed up, and hundreds of thousands of people go out to see the lights every day. Taxi drivers are willing to walk more in the street: a bright heart is happy.

During the Spring Festival, stadiums open their doors to welcome guests, ranging from bowling, roller skating and badminton to indoor rock climbing. 64 sports activities have attracted more than 654.38 million Beijingers away from mahjong tables and wine tables. 1997 During the Spring Festival, 50,000 people flocked to the stadium.

1997 the new year's film appeared, and the sequel to the story of the editorial department, All the Best, appeared on more than 30 provincial TV stations at the same time on New Year's Eve. Someone asked: Do you still watch the party? The scene of the whole city doing the same thing no longer exists. Since the beginning of this year, New Year films have arrived as scheduled every year.

In the new year, health ranks first.

The survey shows that "good health" is the most popular New Year greeting in 1998.

The phone rings to express greetings, the computer opens to receive greeting cards, and congratulations are sent to the pager. More than half of the people in Beijing pay New Year greetings. This is the way for Beijingers to pay New Year greetings in the 1990s.

Happy new year is no longer two boxes of snacks a day. First of all, New Year greeting cards are becoming popular. New Year card is not a patent for students, but has been accepted by the whole society. 1992 The sorting volume reached 2.5 million pieces before the Spring Festival. Although the mail volume is nearly 1/4 higher than usual, the growth rate has slowed down due to the rapid development of telecommunications.

The earliest paging station in Beijing was 126, 1992, and Spring Festival travel rush paged more than 10000 times per hour. 1997, a paging station has been launched to make an appointment to pay a New Year call. There are millions of pager users in Beijing. 1995, 1/5 Beijingers make long-distance New Year calls. 1983, nearly half of the long-distance calls in Beijing need to be connected manually by operators, and users have to wait for dozens of minutes before hanging up a long-distance call. At present, Beijing can directly dial more than 2,000 cities and counties and more than 230 countries and regions, and the direct dial ratio can reach over 99%.

1998 The popular New Year greeting word is "good health". The survey conducted in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and other cities 10 shows that "good health" is people's number one wish. Around 1995, people's blessings are mostly "Congratulations on getting rich".

1999, greeting cards became a backward form, because the use of a large amount of paper was not conducive to environmental protection, and electronic greeting cards became popular this year. There are at least 4,000 or 5,000 emails on the Internet of China Telecom every day. With a touch, blessings can spread thousands of miles away.

Spring Festival in the sixties

Having a good time in a tense day made the Spring Festival in the 1960s unforgettable. Coarse grains are hard to see on weekdays, and jiaozi at the New Year's Eve is rich in pink meat, which is particularly fragrant; There is no pocket money on weekdays. Put up a paper lantern and buy a windmill during the Spring Festival. Even if you visit the factory and buy nothing, you can make your children happy for a year. On weekdays, parents and children are isolated and can have a reunion dinner, even if it is only radish and cabbage, which is also a blessing in life.

The advantage of New Year's Eve dinner is to relieve hunger.

In the Spring Festival menu, housewives can almost put a cabbage mat with patterns made of Chinese cabbage on it.

"Twenty-five" frozen tofu; Twenty-six, go to buy meat; Twenty-seven, slaughter the rooster; Twenty-eight, send face; Twenty-nine, steamed stuffed bun ",New Year's Eve is not made in one day. The biggest benefit of the Spring Festival is "alleviating hunger". Every Spring Festival, every Beijing citizen gives half a catty of oil and half a catty of meat, and every household can also get two catties of rich noodles, one catty of soybeans, two catties of mung beans, a few catties of rice and five catties of books and fish. Hard-working housewives use their intelligence to let the whole family have three meals a day for the New Year: they make flour (standard flour) on the 28th of the twelfth lunar month, and start frying all kinds of flour and fruits on the 29th, but they are reluctant to use oil on weekdays. Now they are sweet and salty. Steamed steamed bread, wrapped in bean bags, and the staple food for the New Year should be prepared before the New Year's Eve. The New Year's Eve is divided into two meals. First, we eat rice and stir-fry at five or six o'clock in the evening, and the ordinary machine meal is replaced by standing meal, plus barbecued hairtail, casserole tofu, lion's head or Four Joy Meetballs and bean sprouts. This is the most important and sumptuous meal of the year. People who are away from home must hurry home to eat, and there must be fish in the dish in order to have a "more than one year" luck. At night 12, the whole family will eat jiaozi together, and jiaozi will be wrapped in Fuqiang powder, which is much whiter than the standard powder eaten every day, usually pork and cabbage stuffing, and sometimes sauerkraut stuffing. The custom of eating jiaozi makes bamboo furniture stores work overtime to make bamboo fences every year before the Spring Festival. Chinese cabbage is the common people's home cooking, and housewives can almost put a cabbage on the Spring Festival menu to cushion its tricks: mustard tuber, cold dish mixed with Chinese cabbage, spiced spicy cabbage, pickled cabbage, vinegar stewed cabbage, fried or stewed pickled cabbage, oil-splashed dried plum vegetables and so on.

Add a new toy to your home during the Spring Festival.

Adding a new toy in the Spring Festival is a little secret for parents who handle the new year's goods.

On the 28th day of the twelfth lunar month, people who handle the new year's goods filled the streets excitedly, and grocery stores all over the world set up boards in front of the stores to sell them in the street. There are also two festive red lanterns printed on the ticket for the New Year, and a large piece of meat weighs two or three kilograms, which is much more comfortable and worry-free than the usual two or two and a half kilograms. Hairtail in Changtu Island, Mingtai fish in Tumen, freshwater fish in Urad Qianqi, Inner Mongolia, and marine fish in Bohai Bay, every household should buy some main dishes for the New Year's Eve dinner.

"Melon sacrifices to the stove, the girl wants flowers, the young man wants guns, and the old man wants new felt hats." In addition to the traditional Spring Festival food Guandong candy in Beijing, there are also small dolls, flower baskets, small pagodas, chickens and ducklings in the market. In addition to the taste, orange and generosity, the biscuit also has a crisp and delicious "63" in 1963, and the art calendar of that year is attached to the package. Girls' favorite flower heads and lapels are chrysanthemums, peonies, roses, peonies and gladiolus, while potted flowers such as plum blossom, peach blossom, camellia, Yingchun, poinsettia, asparagus, honeysuckle, begonia, daffodils and cyclamen in flower shops often make them spend money like water. Adding a new toy in the Spring Festival is a little secret for parents who handle the new year's goods. Buy a small piggy bank for children aged 8- 12, a small drum for children aged 2-4, and a diabolo or kite for children aged 6-7. Wooden knives, wooden guns, waist drums, big swing balls, building blocks, iron cicadas, hairy shuttlecocks, Facebook, and new toys such as "Fuck off the mouse" and "Cockfighting", clutching their wallets, parents are wondering which one is the most cost-effective.

Buy a monthly card, add some plum paper to write Spring Festival couplets, tie a red gauze lamp, and the yearning for the New Year begins in picking and choosing.

Throw away all the old words and rituals.

Many units organize group worship on the second day of New Year's Day, and leaders advocate "four wants and four don't"

"Comrade Dad, Comrade Mom, Happy Spring Festival!" On New Year's Eve, the bell rings 12, and migrant children often pay their parents a New Year call in this way.

According to the custom, on New Year's Eve, the whole family will not go out for reunion. The next day, the married daughter will go back to visit her parents, and everyone will go out to pay New Year greetings to relatives and friends.

The old ceremony of bowing and saluting is out of date, and so are auspicious words such as "Congratulations on getting rich". When we meet, we just nod to each other and say "Happy New Year" or "Happy Spring Festival".

It is out of fashion for the younger generation to kowtow to their elders to pay New Year's greetings. Usually bring half a catty of cakes or snack boxes, or send an improved version of the New Year pictures.

Many units organize group worship on the second day of New Year's Day. Everyone sat together for a tea party, and the leaders advocated "to talk about science, not feudal superstition;" Be diligent and thrifty, not extravagant and wasteful; Take part in appropriate recreational activities and don't wander around; We should stick to the production work and don't drink before class. You can also wrap some peanuts and melon seeds for your children after the meeting.

Buy a piece of drawing paper or Taoist paper, draw some beautiful flowers and plants with colored strokes, and write the words "study hard and make progress every day" and "work hard and study hard and be healthy". I will make a standard greeting card and give it to teachers or close friends, and everyone will cherish it.

In the music of the year, red and small whip

Hang the 100 ring. From the first day to the fifteenth day, only 10 is willing to come out every time.

"Wearing new clothes and setting off fireworks", the Spring Festival is the happiest day for children. The cloth ticket saved for a year turns into red and blue corduroy or small floral cloth. No matter how busy and clumsy my mother is, she will step on the sewing machine and "click" until late at night. When the children wake up in the morning, they must have a new suit lying flat on the pillow. Usually the boss wears clothes, but the second one wears them. During the Spring Festival, families with many difficulties should find ways to make new clothes for each child, even if the old clothes are turned upside down.

Put on new clothes and can't wait for breakfast, so the children run to the yard to play. Holding a small piece of earth incense in his left hand, his right hand was busy taking out a whip from his pocket. The red half-inch whip is a treasure. I bought a pendant with a 100 ring at home. I kept it from the first grade until the fifteenth, and I was only willing to take out 10 at a time. If the little whip hidden at home is found "stolen" by brothers and sisters, parents will become confused officials who can't solve housework. Only by promising to "buy another one" can the child cry. In the evening, all the people in the yard come out to see the flowers. The little lanterns carried by the children are five-pointed stars and palace lanterns, and the dots are really beautiful. Your "Old People's Music" spouts rain all over the sky, and my "Fire Tree and Silver Flower" is not inferior. His "screw turn" and "mouse shit" jumped into the crowd, causing bursts of laughter. Parks such as the Working People's Cultural Palace, Beihai and Taoranting are bustling and open for three days free of charge. There are so many places to visit, such as the Forbidden City, the Museum of Natural History and the Zoo. People who can afford tickets or company invoices can also go to Dahua Cinema to watch stereoscopic movies and to the workers' stadium to watch the circus. If you are interested, Changdian is also a lively place.

Spring Festival in the 1980s

1983 The first live broadcast Spring Festival Evening was an instant hit and received letters from the audience160,000. The program that impressed the audience the most was Wang Jingyu singing "Eat Chicken" around the table, while Li Guyi sang seven songs including "Homesickness" in one breath. 1984 is the first time that Peisi Chen and Zhu Shimao participated in the Spring Festival Gala. The success of Eating Noodles made the sketch a climate. A song "My China Heart" was sung all over the country, and "Unforgettable Tonight" became the ending song of almost every party since then ... On New Year's Eve, the family gathered in jiaozi to have New Year's Eve dinner and watched the Spring Festival Gala broadcast live by CCTV while watching it on the screen. A party not only brought the whole family together, but also created some literary forms such as sketches, which provided the soil for a large number of comedians such as Huang Hong, Song Dandan, Zhao Benshan, Gong Hanlin, Cai Ming and Guo Da to thrive.

The annual meal ticket faded out of the vegetable market.

I usually buy whatever I want to eat, so people don't know what to eat in the New Year.

During the period of 1980, China Cereals, Oils and Foodstuffs Import and Export Corporation Beijing Branch, the trial-produced pork and cabbage stuffing quick-frozen jiaozi began to be sold in Dongdan and other six major vegetable markets.

198 1 year, every household in Beijing supplies 4-200 kg of scented tea, one packet of star anise, yellow flower and fungus, 20 kg of Chinese cabbage, one kg of food stamp tofu and one kg of food stamp bean products during the Spring Festival. Some snack bars have added snacks that are not usually served, such as "bee honey three knives".

1983, in February of the Spring Festival, provide 3 kilograms of rich flour, 1 kilogram of small miscellaneous beans, 1 kilogram of glutinous rice, 4 ounces of peanut oil, 1-2 ounces of sesame oil, half a catty of peanuts, 3 ounces of melon seeds, 1-2 ounces of sesame paste and 2 kilograms of fish to every urban resident (half a catty of yellow croaker per person is guaranteed within the quota).

1984 whole city 1 1 It is not reliable for non-staple food stores to sell tofu.

1985, low-alcohol wine and tonic wine sell well. Many western restaurants are full, and Xinqiao Hotel provides canned and bagged western-style famous dishes for family banquets.

In 1989, 26 kinds of condiments, 14 kinds of bean products and 35 kinds of pickles were exhibited. Beijingers are no longer busy with rice, noodles, fish and meat in the New Year.

As the saying goes, Chinese New Year is just around the corner. People living in the 1980s have more and more dining tables. At first, the rationed varieties increased, and then the market resumed. What you usually want to eat, you buy it in the market, so people don't know what to eat in the New Year.

New year's goods, three big pieces, come on.

Housewives no longer have to wash their backs and backaches for the Chinese New Year, and no longer have to worry about meat deterioration.

During the period of 1980, a batch of electroplated tables and chairs, simple sofas, sunken porcelain pots and porcelain glaze pots organized by major shopping malls from other places were put into the festival market one after another; 198 1 year, nylon silk jackets and threads were in short supply, and some people bought them by repeatedly queuing and consigning, and only 46 "speculators" were arrested before the new clothes shop; 1984, 14 inch color TV holiday supply increased by 42 times over the previous year; 65438-0985, the imported cameras are pre-sold to individuals on the 28th of the twelfth lunar month, and each person is limited to one camera, which will be delivered within half a year. The brands are Konica and Jessica. 1987, down jackets are popular, and fur hats are popular; 1988, a kind of Angora goat hair called mohair became popular ... wearing new clothes during the Spring Festival. In the 1980s, Beijingers began to walk out of the packages of black, gray and blue clothes, and suits, jackets, jeans, cashmere sweaters, winter clothes and fur coats merged into a colorful wind. At the same time, as gifts, thermos bottles, washbasins, pillow towels and tablecloths, which were popular for a while, became less and less popular in the 1980s, and the cultural flavor of New Year greetings became stronger and stronger, and postcards, New Year cards and calendars became popular.

In the 1980s, three new products, color TV, refrigerator and washing machine, soon came to people. Housewives no longer have to worry about the deterioration of pigs, cows and mutton stewed early.

New Year Spring Festival couplets are posted in the unit building.

The words are full of the flavor of the times: "The new Long March begins with bright spring scenery, and modernization begins with golden drums."

Chinese New Year always needs auspicious pictures to celebrate, and there are various expressions. Posting Spring Festival couplets and New Year greetings have new features after 80s. Let's talk about Spring Festival couplets first. In the past, most of them were posted in farmhouses, and the written expression was nothing more than an old saying like "Happy Spring every year". The 1980s was very different. Spring Festival couplets are not only posted on the unit buildings in the city, but every word is full of the flavor of the times: "The new Long March begins with bright spring scenery, and modernization begins with the jubilation of golden drums"; "Rich countries and the people of the country are happy to make money, change customs and send the old to welcome the new". A big word "Fu" posted upside down on the unit door reveals people's yearning for a better future. From the city to the countryside, people are eager to express their deepest joy in this most traditional form. When friends and relatives meet on the first day of the third grade, give a "Happy New Year to you" first, and then talk a few words. A little older care: "Did you buy your' refueling' (over-supplied cooking oil) during the Spring Festival? This year's oil is stronger than last year, and there is no soot. " Some young people asked each other during the Spring Festival this year: "Did you buy new tapes from Teresa Teng and Steven Liu?" In recent years, I admire Cui Jian beyond measure: "I went to my home in the third grade and just bought a set of drum sets yesterday." The children's parents complained to each other: "Our little emperor will take him to KFC for the Spring Festival. There are so many people in the store that the queues are all from Qianmen Street. "

The bosses who took the lead in "going to the sea" did not forget to seize this rare opportunity to communicate information: "How many washing machines do you have? I want it all, and the refrigerator will do. "

In the 1980s, people listened to New Year greetings and chats, and they didn't worry about food and clothing, taboos and secrecy. People seem to be getting closer, people's topics are wider and their emotions are higher. An ordinary "Happy New Year to you" has such a rich meaning.

Years of pleasure and greed make you look bad at the party.

As soon as Zhao Zhongxiang appeared, the kettle on the stove opened and no one mentioned it. People who want to go to the bathroom endure it again and again

I am very happy every Spring Festival, and I am even happier in the 1980s.

I don't know whether the live broadcast of the Spring Festival Gala makes the color TV in the market nervous, or whether there are more people with color TV at home, which makes the Spring Festival Gala more and more popular. Anyway, "snapping up" color TVs before the festival was a scene in the 1980 s. Since 1984 imported color TV was out of stock, color TV has become a hot commodity in people's minds. From the second half of 1986, the store announced that the color TV was out of stock, and color TV tickets appeared at the same time. At that time, it was a great pleasure to buy a 18 inch color TV before the festival. The seven aunts and eight aunts had to inform them: "His uncle, he bought a new TV at home. Come and see during the Chinese New Year. " More fun is yet to come: On New Year's Eve, the whole family ate the New Year's Eve dinner early, prepared paper and pens to record the riddles announced at the party, and took their places after arguing about who sat closest to the TV. That night, since Zhao Zhongxiang appeared, the kettle on the stove has been boiled, and no one wants to mention it. People who want to go to the toilet endure it again and again, fearing to miss Ma Ji's cross talk and ChristianRandPhillips' songs, and even more afraid to miss the prize-winning riddles interspersed in the program. After some hard thinking, it's the morning of New Year's Day, and the first thing to do is to send the answer. After the good news from CCTV, we should consider where to visit the temple fair. In the 1980s, there were temple fairs everywhere in longtan lake, Ditan, Baiyun Temple, Daguan Garden and Dazhong Temple. Tired of eating snacks, buying cheap department stores and looking at handicrafts, the flower show competition has started again, and the traditional pleasure has not diminished. The crystal clear ice lanterns are waving to people. From my thirties to the fifteenth day of the first month, my family was always fidgeting and unhappy. People began to taste the taste of reform and opening up.

Keyele ba