On the differences and connections between pedagogy and a specific natural science discipline.

Management science is a science that studies the general laws of management theories, methods and practices. The initial stage of management science began from the end of 19 to the beginning of the 20th century. First of all, Frederick Taylor, an American engineer, founded "standard labor method" and labor quota, which is called "Taylor system", and published his masterpiece "Principles of Scientific Management" in 19 1 1. Taylor is known as "the father of scientific management". Along with the scientific management theory, Fa Yueer's management process theory and Weber's administrative organization theory came out. These three theories are collectively called "classical management theory". The second milestone of management science is "behavioral science theory". It came into being in the 1920s, and its founders were Professor George alton Mayo and Professor Felize Rotlisberg of Harvard University. Later, behavioral science formed some new theoretical branches in its development. Modern management theory is represented by such schools as system theory, decision theory and management science theory. Based on system theory, information theory and cybernetics, it studies and solves various management problems by using mathematical models and computer means.

Since 1950s, management science has intersected and infiltrated with many social science disciplines and natural science disciplines, resulting in various branches of management. For example: management sociology, administrative management, military management, education management, health management, technical management, urban management, national economic management and so on. Today, management science has expanded to various fields, forming an independent discipline system with a wide range of contents and complete categories. Management science has become the third science alongside social science and natural science. Management modernization is a process of applying modern scientific theories, requirements and methods to improve planning, organization and control capabilities to meet the needs of the development of productive forces and make the management level reach the contemporary international advanced level. It is also a process of transforming from traditional empirical management to modern scientific management.

It is generally believed that since 1950s, major developed countries in the west have realized management modernization while being highly industrialized, which includes a wide range of contents, mainly including the modernization of management concepts, management organizations and management methods and means. Management modernization is an important symbol of a country's modernization. The modernization of industry, agriculture, science and technology, international modernization and even the whole national economy can not be separated from modern management. Modern management can effectively organize productive factors, fully and reasonably utilize various resources, and greatly improve the efficiency of various economic and social activities, thus becoming a powerful driving force for modernization. Management has natural attributes and social attributes, and the natural attributes of management reflect the requirements of the social labor process itself. Under the condition of division of labor and cooperation, social labor needs to organize human capital, materials and other elements effectively in a certain way through a series of management activities in order to proceed smoothly. The social attribute of management reflects the interests and requirements of the ruling class. Under a certain mode of production, it is necessary to maintain a certain production relationship and achieve certain economic and social goals through management activities. In economic management, the natural attribute of management is to organize the productive forces scientifically and reasonably, and to deal with and solve the technical relationship between things and people in economic activities, such as the batching problem in production, the layout and planning of productive forces, and the requirements of the technical performance of machinery and equipment on the technical level and skilled procedures of operators. These are the requirements of natural laws and technical laws, and are not affected by the socio-economic foundation and superstructure. The social attribute of economic management is to coordinate and improve production relations, and the adjustment of economic interests between people such as distribution system and management system is dominated by social and economic laws. In the development of modern economy, scientific management plays an increasingly important role and directly brings economic benefits. In the case of limited material resources, the role of managing resources is particularly important. . . .