Xin Qiji uses allusions in five places in "Reminiscences of the Ancients in Beigu Pavilion, Jingkou". Please explain in detail.

The full text of "Dengjingkou Beigu Pavilion Nostalgic for the Past" uses five allusions, and the appreciation is as follows:

The first place: Through the ages, there are no heroes to be found, and Sun Zhongmou is the place. On the dancing pavilion and singing stage, the wind is always blown away by the wind and the rain.

The allusion used here is to express nostalgia for the past, citing the allusion of Sun Quan of the Three Kingdoms who built the Jingkou of Beijing. "The author stood on the Beigu Pavilion and looked at the country in front of him. The heroes who had dominated this land for thousands of years flashed through his mind. He first thought of Sun Quan, the emperor of Wu during the Three Kingdoms. He had the power to unify the Central Plains. Before moving the capital to Jianye, he first built the "Beijing City" at Jingkou in the 14th year of Jian'an (209) as a barrier to the new capital, and defeated the invader Cao Cao's army from the north and defended the country. Nowadays, heroes like Sun Quan are nowhere to be found. From the beginning of his writing, the poet expressed his emotion that his country is still there, but there are no more heroes, and there are no successors. Taking the previous sentence a step further, not only can heroes like Sun Quan never be found again, but even the "Dancing Pavilion and Song Stage" he built back then, and the relics that reflected his glorious achievements, have also been "blown away by the rain and the wind." ", no trace left.

The second place: grass and trees in the setting sun, ordinary alleys, where humane slaves once lived. I think of those days, when we were armed with iron and steel, we could swallow thousands of miles like a tiger.

The allusion here is that Liu Yu of the Southern Dynasties used Jingkou as his base to suppress civil strife and replace the Eastern Jin Dynasty. The three sentences here remind the poet of Liu Yu, the second historical figure related to Jingkou, and he first thought of Sun Quan. Looking for his relics in his achievements; when writing about Liu Yu, his relics are associated with his achievements. Then in the last three sentences, he recalls Liu Yu's achievements in the Northern Expedition, killing Nanyan and Hou. Qin regained Luoyang and Chang'an, and almost conquered the Central Plains. The author thought of Liu Yu's achievements and admired him very much. The last three sentences express the poet's infinite admiration for the hero, but Liu Yu left a deep impression on future generations. Such a hero, his historical relics are also nowhere to be found today, only the "setting sun, grass and trees, ordinary alleys"

The third place: Yuan Jia hastily sealed the wolf and lived in Xu, and won. Looking north in a hurry.

The three sentences "Yuanjia Caocao" use ancient events to allude to reality and sharply propose a historical lesson. It is said in history that Emperor Wen of the Southern Dynasty, Liu Yilong, "had the ambition to restore Henan since he ascended the throne." He made three Northern Expeditions without success, especially the last one in the 27th year of Yuanjia (450), which failed even more miserably. Before launching the army, he listened to Pengcheng Prefect Wang Xuanmo and Chen's plan for the Northern Expedition. He was very excited and said: "Wen Xuanmo" Mo Chen said that it makes people feel like they are surrounded by wolves. "Having the will to seal the wolf and live in Xuyi" means having confidence that the Northern Expedition will win. The Northern Wei Dynasty, which was based in northern China at that time, was not without gaps; in the comparison of military strength between the north and the south, the north did not have an advantage. If it can be planned properly, it can be considered carefully. It is possible to win the battle and regain some lost territory, but Emperor Wen of the Song Dynasty was eager to achieve success and launched his troops lightly. As a result, not only did he fail to achieve the expected victory, but he also caused Tuoba Tao of the Northern Wei Dynasty to invade the south and the country collapsed. . This historical fact provides a thought-provoking historical reference to the reality at that time. The author quoted ancient events to reflect the reality, and sharply reminded the rulers of the Southern Song Dynasty to learn from their predecessors and their own historical lessons.

The fourth place: Looking back, under the Foli Temple, there is a sacred crow drum.

Foli was the emperor of the Northern Wei Dynasty. It had been seven or eight hundred years since the Southern Song Dynasty. The people in the north regarded him as one. When Xin Qiji saw this scene, he couldn't bear to look back at the "Fenghuo Yangzhou Road". Xin Qiji used "Buddha" to refer to the gold master Wan Yanliang, who sent troops to invade the south forty-three years ago. Yangzhou served as the base for crossing the Yangtze River, and was also stationed on Guabu Mountain where the Foli Temple was located. He strictly supervised the Jin soldiers in rushing to cross the Yangtze River, and Foli naturally became the shadow of Wan Yanliang today. "Under the Li Temple, a sacred crow shrine drum" is in sharp contrast to "Forty-three years, the war on Yangzhou Road". At that time, the people in the occupied areas carried out an indomitable struggle against the foreign rulers, and wars were everywhere, but now the Central Plains has long been calm. The people in the occupied areas have become content with the rule of foreigners, and they actually worship the foreign monarchs. This is a sad thing.

If you can't bear to look back on the past, you actually can't bear to see the facts in front of you. This is a warning to the rulers of the Southern Song Dynasty that it is urgent to regain the lost territory. If we continue to delay, the people's support will fade away, and the Central Plains will not be able to recover it.

The fifth point: Who can ask, Lian Po is old, can he still make a living?

Finally, the author compares himself with Lian Po. This allusion is very appropriate and has very rich connotations. First, it expresses his determination. Just like Lian Po served the Zhao State, he is loyal to the court and can only be used by others. , Do your duty, fight bravely to be the first, rush to the battlefield at any time, fight against gold and kill the enemy. The second is to show ability. Although he is old, he is still the same as Lianpo back then. He is getting stronger and more brave than before, so he can serve as the coach of the Northern Expedition. The third is to express his worries. Lian Po once made great military exploits for the State of Zhao, but he was harmed by traitors and was forced to leave his hometown. Although he was willing to serve the country, he had no way to serve the country. The poet described himself as Lian Po and worried that he might repeat the same mistakes and be abandoned by the court. If you use it without believing it, your talents will not be put to use and your ambitions will not be realized. Xin Qiji's worries were not groundless. As expected, Han Kanzhou and his group could not accept his opinions and were suspicious and dissatisfied with him. On the eve of the Northern Expedition, they removed him from his official position on the grounds of "improper employment". Xin Qiji's desire to contribute to the restoration of the great cause was once again frustrated.

The first part of the poem borrows ancient meanings to express modern feelings, which is more open and revealing. In the second part, the historical significance and realistic emotion revealed by the author through allusions are more profound and subtle. Although there are many allusions in this poem, these allusions are used flawlessly and just right. Their role and energy in language art are not limited to direct narration and description of this poem. There are many allusions used. Being small is Xin Qiji's shortcoming, and this poem reflects his special achievements in language art.