Parents help to buy insurance and talk about their mood.

At present, the social security systems available to social individuals (natural persons) can be roughly divided into three types: commercial insurance signed by commercial insurance companies and customers (hereinafter referred to as "commercial insurance"), overall insurance provided by the government (hereinafter referred to as "social security") and public welfare relief funds raised by government departments or social welfare organizations. As far as the current situation is concerned, most individual natural persons in China can take the initiative to choose social pooling insurance and commercial insurance. The public welfare fund is mostly a means during or after the event, which belongs to the nature of public welfare and is relatively passive, so it can not become a comprehensive welfare system for the time being. Therefore, the following contents mainly focus on commercial insurance and social security.

First, the relationship between commercial insurance and social security;

Social security is the basic means of security, and commercial insurance is the supplement of social security. Generally speaking, social security guarantees that you can eat a little more, and commercial insurance allows you to eat a little better on the basis of a full stomach.

Second, social security and commercial insurance;

1, overall social security. At present, China's overall security system generally covers the following aspects: "social insurance, social assistance, social welfare, social preferential treatment" and so on. Among them, social insurance is in a dominant position and is the core of the social security system, including pension, medical care, unemployment, work injury, maternity and other insurance contents; As a supplement to social insurance, social relief and social welfare mainly protect special groups such as low-income people, the elderly, the sick, the disabled and orphans. What we usually call "social security" refers to "social insurance" that includes "pension, medical care, unemployment, work injury and maternity". For the social security system, many people lack confidence, including the media hype of "30 million people interrupt social security contributions" and "social security loopholes" ... negative news often appears in newspapers. If you don't need emergency money, you must have social security and stick to it. There is a suggestion in personal finance-pay attention to small accounts, but don't worry about calculating small accounts.

2. What is commercial insurance?

"Commercial insurance is an effective supplement to social pooling insurance" is not an empty talk. Although I have confidence in social security, it will take time to improve the social security system. Social pooling insurance is characterized by "no package insurance", so we can't expect it to help us live a "good" life for the time being. But as long as you work hard to make money, you can buy commercial insurance from commercial insurance companies and solve more life problems.

What problems can commercial insurance solve? At present, social security covers overall pension, overall medical care, unemployment protection (a considerable number of people don't care much about this part, an important reason is that money is really small), maternity insurance, industrial injury insurance and so on. On this basis, commercial insurance makes the parts we already have social security (such as pension and medical care) more comprehensive and solid, and makes loopholes that social security can't solve temporarily (such as children's education and some expenses of death compensation) supplemented and prevented.

Most problems in life can be summed up as "financial problems" in the end. Children are already spending money before they are born, and then the daily living expenses after birth are needless to say. A large part of it lies in upbringing education (including standard education and make-up education, as well as other education investments in the future), marriage, buying a house, medical care (especially the cost of major diseases), financial problems brought about by parents' pension, accidental disability or death, and financial needs brought about by social development ... There are too many places to spend money. "Life is bitter" is too profound, sometimes not because there are too many desires, but because the cost of living remains high.

The above life problems can be simply summarized into five major life problems, which are arranged in order of urgency as follows: a: accidental injury, b: medical care, c: old-age needs, d: children's education, e-financial needs; Some of these problems can be solved by social security, and some cannot be satisfied at all.

Commercial insurance is needed at this time.

Third, how to choose commercial insurance at different stages of life?

(1) Make different commercial insurance premiums according to different needs in different life stages. According to the urgency and payment pressure, it is suggested to purchase commercial insurance in the following order:

1, the first insurance and the second insurance, please purchase accident and accidental medical treatment and term life insurance first. Because this kind of risk may not be possible, but once it happens, it will be a major event of death or injury, so you must buy accidental injury and accidental injury medical treatment first, which is very cheap. A few hundred dollars can buy a guarantee of1002 million. The term life insurance is about 1000 yuan to buy100,200,000 yuan. Term life insurance is the legendary "death insurance", and its characteristic is-no! Go to hell! Don't! Pay! But accidental injury is not only responsible for death, but also proportional compensation for disability and total disability. For example, how to compensate for missing an upper limb, how to compensate for missing an eye, and so on. Don't feel unlucky. It is most irresponsible to say that insurance is unlucky. When people in China talk about life and death, they often "avoid illness and avoid medical treatment", and then there are too many examples of family hidden dangers that were not arranged before their death. Life and death are often independent of personal will. The number of people who die in car accidents, fires and drowning every day is shocking enough. We should always think about this problem. If I die the next moment, how can my parents provide for the elderly? What about the future of the child? ..... So, for the first insurance and the second insurance, please buy more accidental injuries and term life insurance, spend a little money and make big preparations.

2, the third insurance, please prepare health care for yourself. Some people say that I have a great body and am delicious. I only say one sentence-cancer patients in cancer hospitals often think the most and say the most: "Yes! What! Yao! Yes! Me! " . No one can answer this question. Everyone thinks that his body should not be terminally ill, but the disease should be cured. However, major diseases are simply a fire pit of burning money! Most terminal diseases have already been overcome, but the problem is-money! ! ! With money, Johnson can live with HIV for 20 years, almost like a normal person; With money, uremic patients can do dialysis on time, which is almost no different from normal people; With money, a child with leukemia can have a bone marrow transplant and continue his/her life …

3. The fourth insurance, please prepare endowment insurance for yourself. I won't elaborate on the reasons, such as the cost of living, one child, insufficient social security ... everyone knows. I just want to say one more thing-the best way to take care of children is to prepare your own pension fund when you are young, so as not to burden children in the future.

4, the fifth insurance, prepare education insurance for children. I guess many people have been thinking about it for a long time. Why haven't they talked about children for a long time? Aren't there many people who buy insurance for their children now? Ok, I have said it now, but why put children in the fifth place, I will explain it later;

5. Sixth insurance, financial insurance. In fact, there is no need to write this article separately, because on the one hand, financial insurance is often combined with the functions of the above insurance, on the other hand, the primary function of insurance products is protection. Although there is almost (almost) no risk of loss, individual products (such as investment-linked insurance) may also lose a lot. Therefore, please focus on the above security purposes before considering the financial management function.

6. Several principles for purchasing commercial insurance:

A, health first, providing for the aged second-please ensure yourself alive first, and then ensure the length and quality of life;

B, adults first, children second-please ensure that adults are alive first, and then consider protecting children. This is why we will put the children's "education insurance" in the position of the fifth policy. If parents can't live, can't live healthily, and finally can't even pay the premium, then the insurance policy you bought for your child will become waste paper. At present, many parents in China often give their first or even only insurance policy to their children, but they never think that if the pillar falls, the eggs laid under the nest will have been finished long ago?

C, do enough insurance.

2) How to choose insurance products according to different stages of life?

The following contents are suggestions for reference only. Take the middle class for example. This class may not have much spare money to invest and make profits, so insurance needs to be supplemented step by step. For local tyrants who spend a lot of money on insurance at one time, please skip this paragraph directly:

1. If you have just entered the society and are in the early stage of hard work, you don't have much spare money, then spend some money to do something big-accidental injury is similar to medical treatment+term life insurance (+disability and total disability insurance)+hospitalization and health insurance, with a small cost of several thousand yuan a year, and the guarantee can reach hundreds of thousands (of people, of course, pure accidental injury insurance and term life insurance, as well as hospitalization) But for the elderly, for the children's future schooling, and for the last care of their loved ones, in case we are too tired to get up ... This process is often about 20-30 years (it is estimated that parents are 50-80 and children are 0-20). At present, there are few disability and total disability risks in brackets in China, but there are some. This product is based on the consideration that if we can't take care of ourselves because of accidents, diseases, etc., we should prepare some money to hire a care worker ... Although the probability is very small, I found this product very interesting after reading it, so I bought some (with ... thinking ... it's strange to think about it now).

2. With sufficient funds, we can supplement some critical illness insurance in health insurance on the basis of 1. The probability of getting seriously ill after thirty or forty years old is increasing, so be careful.

3. To buy a house and a car, you have to pay back the mortgage and car loan every month, plus some items such as term life insurance and accidental injury insurance that are responsible for death and disability. The total amount of insurance is subject to the outstanding mortgage and car loan. That is, in case we say goodbye, we can still leave a house and car for our parents, wife and children (with compensation and loans);

4. Then, with our continuous efforts, family life is getting better and better, but we will not plan financial management. At this time, you can also choose some insurance with dividend function as a supplement to future pension and children's education. Here, I want to remind you not to imagine the dividend yield of insurance products too well. In Mao's answer, it was mentioned that the insurance purchased in the era of high interest rate has now become the burden of insurance companies, which means that in the 1990s, when the bank interest rate was around 10%, insurance companies promised their customers future income according to the then bank interest rate. Now the bank interest rate is so low, insurance companies still have to settle accounts for customers according to the interest rate promised in the contract of that year. But this situation has historical reasons and can't be replicated. Therefore, if you have spare money, you can buy dividend insurance. It should be noted here that the "dividend" function is already a feature of many life insurance products, and any insurance product with this feature can be called "dividend insurance". What I said earlier is that with the dividend function, the premium requirement is more expensive than the simple death insurance, so I buy insurance according to my ability.

5. Then you can manage your money with insurance ... It's up to you. But the truth of "don't put your eggs in one basket" should be remembered in some cases, and insurance is only one of the means. If your family funds are not "a lot of idle", it is recommended to buy "universal insurance" carefully first, and then "investment-linked insurance" carefully.

6. How to choose insurance when you are old? The suggestion is-if you are 50 or 60 years old and want to borrow insurance to prepare for the old couple's retirement, it is a bit late. Unless you really have enough spare money and want to buy insurance, and it meets the insurance requirements. It doesn't affect life if you buy it. Otherwise, don't consider insurance and let the children work hard. But if you want to buy insurance for your child, this problem is not big, as long as it meets the age requirements of the insurance company for the insured. (However, it should be reminded here that at present, grandparents are restricted from taking out insurance for their grandchildren in China. This restriction is as follows: for the insurance with death liability, the applicant may not insure the person without civil capacity, and the parents of the person without civil capacity are not subject to this restriction, but there is a limit on the amount of compensation for death liability insured. This quota is not uniform throughout the country. If there is no new change in my area, it should be 654.38+ 10,000. I heard that some areas are still 50 thousand. In short, local regulations shall prevail. )

(3) How to determine the premium and the insured amount?

Simply put, the concept of premium is the money you have to pay to the insurance company regularly in order to get protection; The insured amount is the amount of compensation that the insurance company will bear when the insured accident occurs as stipulated in the contract.

1, determine the premium: very simple, two standards, one is that you can afford it yourself, and the payment will not affect your normal life; Second, under the requirements of the previous point, it can bring enough protection to itself. Supplement: There are many theories that express how much it is appropriate to buy insurance by percentage, so follow the trend here. The annual family premium accounts for 10%-20% of the annual family income. As long as you are sure that it will not affect the liquidity demand of the family's daily life, you can get enough protection, but it is not recommended to be higher. The pressure on the quality of family life will be more obvious.

2. Determine the amount of insurance: The determination of the amount of insurance is often based on the premise of "the financial pressure brought by the insured in the worst case", which can be roughly summarized as similar situations: first, the reduction of family labor force caused by death or total disability leads to the decrease of future liquidity, and second, the family property income caused by illness or total disability continues to decrease or even the debt increases. Then at this time, the amount of insurance we want to determine has a clear goal-after death, illness or total disability, family property will not be seriously affected, at least the debt will not increase significantly. Why do you always say "no dutiful son before a long bed"? Either the dutiful son was scared by the medical expenses and didn't want to come out, or the dutiful son's money was tossed away and he couldn't be "filial". Therefore, determining the amount of insurance is to determine how much money we need to ensure a basically normal family life in the event of a crisis. Under normal circumstances, if there is a general direction, the insurance amount will be set at more than 10 times of the annual family income (meaning: insurance compensation can support families to live with their current quality of life for more than 10 years without considering large inflation). As mentioned in the previous example, the money is "reserved for the elderly, for the children to go to school later, and for the last care of their relatives", and "this process often takes about 20-30 years (estimated by 50-80 parents and 0-20 children)". Then we can calculate: how much does it cost for parents to support the elderly for 30 years, how much is the pension, how much is the gap, and how much is a * * * in 30 years; How much is the education support for children aged 0 to 20 after graduation from college? How much is the monthly living expenses to maintain the basic life of the family, how much is the wife's salary, and how big the gap is; How much ... insurance coverage did these three add up to? It's up to you and the insurance agent to discuss how I can get a large amount of insurance coverage with as little money as possible under this insurance coverage goal.

Four, several types and types of insurance products.

With regard to the classification and classification of insurance products, life insurance is the insurance with people's health and life as the insurance object, including life insurance, personal accident insurance and health insurance. Life insurance, as its name implies, is based on people's "life span". The coverage of accidental injury insurance and accidental medical treatment is "the body of the person who was accidentally injured but not killed" and "the life span of the person who died accidentally". Health insurance is to protect the body.

1, life insurance generally includes:

(1) term life insurance-as mentioned earlier, it is neither dead nor compensated, but it is characterized by a definite guarantee period, such as 20 years or 30 years. If you hang up during this period for reasons agreed in the contract, you will be compensated. If he is still alive when it expires, the insurance contract will be automatically terminated; There is a certain chance that the insurance company will not have to pay for it, so this product is very cheap.

(2) whole life insurance-The most intuitive difference from term life insurance is that it clearly means "guarantee! To! Go to hell! " ; Insurance companies will definitely lose money (unless someone is really old), so this is a little more expensive than term life insurance. But these two products are definitely representatives of spending small money to do big things.

(3) Both life insurance-"both life and death" means "both life and death". It can be regarded as the characteristics of death compensation of term life insurance+the characteristics of taking money in whole life insurance. That is to say, at the agreed age or date, the payment is made according to the living standard when you are alive, and according to the death standard when you die.

(4) Annuity insurance-when you reach the agreed age, you will get money every year or every month. Until the death of the insured. This kind of insurance is mostly manifested in traditional endowment insurance or children's education annuity insurance.

(5) Dividend insurance-the insurance company pays dividends every year. I won't explain further, it's enough for a big lesson.

(6) Universal insurance-this is a "new type of insurance" in insurance products, which has appeared for a relatively short time, and this product is more complicated to talk about. In short, useless idle funds can be considered, but it is best not to take them out casually ... and regard them as "long-term reserves".

(7) Investment-linked insurance-because it is too closely related to the investment market, it should probably belong to the most risky insurance product at present, right? If you have capital, courage and confidence and don't need money urgently, you can consider it. For reference only.

2. Health insurance includes:

(1) medical insurance-hospitalization, hospitalization supplement * * … all belong to this category. The reimbursement method is basically the same as social security, both of which are compensatory. How much is the reimbursement? This does not conflict with the medical reimbursement of social security, and the two complement each other. In principle, the sum of the reimbursement amounts of both parties shall not exceed the money you paid. So it is called "compensatory"; There is also accidental injury medical insurance, but it often appears with the following "personal accident insurance" partner, similar to a cross-border star.

(2) Illness insurance-critical illness insurance is one of the branches, so I won't say much. There are also some targeted "specific disease insurance". For example, when SARS broke out, insurance companies launched "SARS insurance"

(3) Income compensation insurance-it is rare to compensate for income losses caused by illness and inability to work. For example, the essence of "disability insurance" I mentioned earlier is income compensation.

3. Personal accident insurance includes:

(1), Ordinary-As long as the injury factor is "accident", the consequences agreed in the contract will be compensated. Generally, it is death or total disability;

(2) Specific-only responsible for accidental death or total disability caused by the reasons specified in the contract. For example, a company has introduced "gas leakage insurance" in the past, which belongs to this category. I wonder if there is one now.

Accident insurance is mainly aimed at those risks that are unlikely to happen, but once they happen, they will pay a painful price, so it is not expensive, but it is very important.

Further reading: How to buy insurance, which is good, and teach you how to avoid these "pits" of insurance.