Tell the story of the four sons of the Warring States and their respective achievements.

At the end of the Warring States Period in China, the State of Qin became more and more powerful. In order to cope with the invasion of Qin and save the country from extinction, the nobles of various vassal States tried their best to recruit talented people. They pay tribute to the noble corporal and attract guests to expand their power, so it is popular to raise "scholars" (including bachelors, counselors, alchemists or magicians and diners). At that time, Xin Lingjun of Wei, Meng Changjun of Qi, Ping Yuanjun of Zhao and Chun Shenjun of Chu were all famous for cultivating scholars. Because all four of them are princes and nobles (usually descendants of the monarch), later generations respectfully call them "Four Childes of the Warring States". Wei Wuji (? ~ 243 BC), the youngest son of King Zhao Wei in the Warring States Period, was the half-brother of King Wei Anli. In the first year of King Wei Anli (276 BC), he was sealed in Xinling (now Ningling County, Henan Province) as Xinlingjun. Born in an unknown year, he died in the thirty-fourth year of Anli (243 BC). "Historical Records Biography of Wei Gongzi" contains: Gongzi is very modest and polite to scholars, regardless of merits and demerits, and dare not be proud of wealth. Therefore, thousands of taxis from Fiona Fang came to him, and there were 3,000 diners.

On one occasion, my son was with Wei and got an alarm that Zhao Bing was going to take northern Xinjiang and raise a bonfire. Wang Wei immediately stopped blogging and wanted to call ministers to discuss countermeasures. The son stopped him and said, "Zhao Wang came out to hunt, not to invade." Say that finish, and without losing normal with wei. Wei Wang was too frightened to blog again. Soon, news came from the north that the prince of Zhao was hunting, not invading. Wang Wei was surprised and asked, "How do you know that Wang Zhao is out hunting?" The son said, "Some of our guests can find out Wang Zhao's secret. Wang Zhao's activities always report to me, so I can know. "

Respect courtesy and health.

Hou Ying, a hermit of Wei, is seventy years old. Because of his poor family, he worked as a gatekeeper in Daliang Yimen. My son went to visit Hou Sheng and wanted to give him a generous gift. He refused to accept, saying, "I have been practicing bodybuilding for decades, and I can't take your property just because I am poor." After the guests at the banquet were seated, the son led his entourage on horseback, leaving the seat on the left empty and going to meet Hou Sheng himself. Hou Ying tidied up her shabby clothes, went straight to the front of the car and sat down in the empty seat of the son. Childe personally hold the reins, more respectful. Hou Sheng said to his son, "I have a friend who is a butcher in the city. I hope I can give you a ride and let me visit him. " The son drove the car to the city, and Hou Ying got off and met his friend Zhu Hai. Hou Ying looked askance at childe's face, deliberately stood for a long time, talking to friends. Childe's color is becoming more and more gentle. At that time, the imperial clan of Wei was full of guests, waiting for his son to come back for a drink. Everyone in the city saw their son waiting with a reins in his hand. Childe's entourage secretly scold Hou Ying. Hou Ying saw that Childe was always natural, so he said goodbye to Zhu Hai and got on the bus and went to Childe's house. The son led Hou Sheng to the table, introduced him to the guests one by one, praised Hou Ying, and stood up to propose a toast to Hou Ying. All the guests were surprised. Hou Ying has since become a guest of Xinlingjun. Hou Ying said to his son, "Zhu Hai, the butcher I visited, is a saint, unknown to the world, and now he is hiding among butchers." Childe visited Zhu Hai many times, but Zhu Hai never thanked him.

In 266 BC, after Fan Sui became Qin Xiang, Zhao Haoqi of Qin wanted to avenge him. The persecuted Wei will be forced to flee to Zhao and hide at home. The King of Qin lured Ping Yuanjun to the State of Qin and put him under house arrest. He sent an envoy to the king of Zhao: "Don't send Wei Qi's head, don't let Ping Yuanjun go." Wei Qi followed Qing Yu. Yuqing called Zhao Xiangyin and fled to Daliang, hoping to take refuge in Lingjun and go to Chu. Xin is afraid of Qin and doesn't want to see him. He asked the public, "What kind of person is Yu Qing?" Hou Ying said, "Jade Qing came to Zhao from far away in sandals and a hat. When I met Zhao Wang, I gave him a pair of white jade and one hundred gold coins. Goodbye, thank you. Look, the pawn is blocked, Wan Huhou. At this point, the world is contending. Wei Qi was penniless, but Qing Yu didn't dare to pay attention to the honor of Juelu, so he dissolved the seal and donated it to Wan Huhou. A man in a hurry, because he was poor, returned to his son, who said, "He added people. ".It's hard to know, but it's hard to know! "Xin ashamed, go to the countryside to see jade qing and. I heard that it was difficult for Xin to see him at first, and he was very angry and proud. The king of Zhao finally joined forces with Wei and Qin, and the king returned it to Zhao.

Stealing symbols to save Zhao

Xin Lingjun's sister is Zhao's wife. Qin surrounded Handan, and Zhao asked Wei for help many times. Wang Wei sent a general to lead a hundred thousand troops to save Zhao. The king of Qin sent messengers to threaten Wang Wei, saying, "The capital of Zhao will soon be occupied. Whoever dares to save Zhao will fight first if Zhao breaks. " Wang Wei's fear made his army leave his power and set up an obstacle, which was called "saving Zhao". In fact, this is to wait and see whether these two countries will win or lose. He turned to Wei's emissary for help and scolded his son, saying, "I thought you had the lofty loyalty to save people from danger." Handan is in danger today, and Wei reinforcements are not coming. Even if you abandon me easily, don't you pity your sister? " Xin was very worried about this matter and asked Wang Wei many times. The public also tried to persuade him in various ways, but Wang Wei never listened. Gongzi estimated that Wang Wei refused to send troops to save Zhao, so he decided to take more than 100 cars to ride to Zhao to fight Qin Jun, passed Yimen and met Hou Ying. Hou Ying said, "Gongzi, I am too old to follow." Childe has walked a few miles, always feel unhappy, thinking, I treat Hou Sheng well, and now I'm going to die, why didn't he send me a word? So I came back to see Hou Sheng. Hou Ying said with a smile, "You seem to be feeding meat to a hungry tiger." Hou Ying pushed the others aside and said to his son in a low voice, "I heard that the golden military symbol was moved in Wang Wei's bedroom, and Wang Wei liked her best. She can go in and out of the bedroom at will and steal the military emblem. I also heard that Ruji wanted revenge because her father was killed, and she didn't find an enemy for three years. Ruji once cried and begged you. You send someone to take the head of your enemy and give it to Luigi. Ruji is very grateful to you. You can save Zhao by telling her to steal the military emblem. " Xin Lingjun, according to Hou Ying's method, really got the military emblem.

Xin Lingjun took people to mobilize Jinbi's army. Hou Ying said to him, "I'm leaving, and the Lord won't accept it." If jinbi doesn't listen, it will be dangerous. If you want to win Zhu Hai, you will kill Jinbi if necessary. "Son a line of people to leaf there, for jinbi led the troops. After matching the symbols, Jinbi hesitated and refused to hand over the military power. At this critical juncture, Zhu Hai pulled out an iron vertebra weighing 40 Jin from his sleeve and killed Jin Bi. Childe then jinbi joined the army. He ordered to join the army and said, "Both father and son are joining the army, father. Brothers in the army, brothers return. The only son has no brothers and belongs to adoptive parents. Liu Bei said, "I was defeated by Wei Jun, Zhao and was attacked on all sides. Wang Zhao Heping Yuanjun personally went to the suburbs of Handan to meet the childe. Ping Yuanjun carrying quiver to childe. Wang Zhao thanked him again and again, saying, "Since ancient times, sages are not as good as sons. "

I stayed in Zhao for ten years.

Wang Wei was very angry with the son for stealing military symbols and killing Jinbi. This childe knows it himself. After retiring, Zi sent his troops to Wei and stayed in Zhao for ten years.

Zhao Wang and Ping Yuanjun discussed that in order to reward Zhao Cun's achievements, they wanted to make five cities king. When my son heard this, he showed a proud look. A guest advised his son, "Some things can't be forgotten, and some things can't be forgotten." The wife is virtuous to her son, and the son will never forget it; Childe is kind to people, I hope he forgets. Wei also ordered to catch Jin's cheap soldiers to save Zhao. The son is arrogant and meritorious, stealing it for his son. "After hearing this opinion, my son immediately blamed himself and seemed very ashamed. Say you are guilty, I am sorry for Wei, but I am useless to Zhao. Zhao Wang and his son drank until evening. Because of his son's humility, he was embarrassed to say anything about giving five cities. After his son stayed in Zhao, Zhao Wang took Yan (now the north of Baixiang County, Hebei Province) as his son's "Tang Muyi".

The son heard that Zhao Youmao was hiding in a gambler and a pulp seller's house, and he wanted to see them very much, but neither of them would see them. My son inquired about their residence and went on foot to make friends with them. Ping Yuanjun said to his wife, "Childe is an absurd man. He associates with Bo Tu and people who sell pulp." His wife told her son, and the son said, "I heard about the sage, so I went back to Wei to save Zhao." Ping Yuanjun is not a scholar, but he is proud of his many guests. When mowgli was at home, he heard that these two people were wise and feared not to associate with me, and Ping Yuanjun was ashamed. " Son, pack your things and leave. Ping Yuanjun bareheaded apology, solid childe. After hearing the news, Ping Yuanjun's civil servants went to Ping Yuanjun to return to their son.

The death of childe

Childe stayed in Zhao for ten years and never returned to Wei. Qin Wen's son in Zhao sent troops to attack Wei, and was defeated by Wei several times. Wang Wei was so worried that he sent an emissary to Zhao to invite his son. My son refused to return to Wei for fear that Wang Wei would hate himself. He warned his followers, "Whoever dares to mediate for Wang Wei will die." Both men and women dare not persuade their sons to return to Wei. The squire said to him, "This son is highly valued by the State of Zhao, and he was made a vassal because of the State of Wei. Now Wei is in trouble, and my son doesn't care. If Qin breaks the beam and destroys the ancestral temple of the first king, how can his son face the world? " Words haven't say that finish, childe coloured deeply, urged to drive back to wei. Wang Wei wept for his son, thinking that he was a general. In the thirtieth year of King Wei Anli's reign (247 BC), Zi sent people to various countries for help. When countries heard that the son was a general, they all sent troops to save Wei. Childe led the divisions of Yan, Zhao, Han, Chu and Wei to defeat Qin Jun, and Meng Ao, the general of the State of Qin, fled in defeat. The five countries divided their forces and pressed for Hangu Pass, but they were too late to leave.

"Warring States Policy" Wei Si, the son of Anling (now northwest of Yanling County, Henan Province), was an official in Qin State, which put him in charge (now Zhengzhou City, Henan Province). Xin Lingjun couldn't attack the tube, so people said to An Lingjun, "You send Suogao to attack the tube, and I'll appoint him as the fifth commander and make him the military captain in charge of Jeff's recruitment of sons." An Lingjun said, "Anling is a small country. If we reduce its height, we may not obey it, or the emissary invited us." He sent officials to guide the emissary to Gao Mansion. After the messenger conveyed Xin's order, he flinched and said, "Tell me to attack the tube, because the father attacks the son and keeps it, and people laugh." Seeing a minister is a double (back) master. It's not your pleasure for a father to teach his son twice as much. When he refused to believe in Ling Jun, he was furious and sent an envoy to see An Ling Jun, saying, "An Ling, like Wei State, cannot attack. When Qin Jun arrives, Wei will be in danger. I hope you can send me a highly contracted package. Otherwise, I will send 100,000 soldiers to Anling at the gates. An said, "When the late Lord Cheng Hou accepted the order to guard Anling, Wang Xiang personally handed him the Charter of the Mansion. The first part of the constitution records that "a son kills his father, a minister kills his king, and it is often unforgivable", which is not included in the scope of national Amnesty. Now he refuses to accept Lu's position,' in the righteousness of the whole father and son', you have to arrest him. This is to make me violate the imperial edict of Wang Xiang and abolish the government's constitution. I wouldn't dare to do this even if I were killed. He listened and said: "The new personality is violent and selfish, which will definitely bring disaster to Anling. He went to Wei's embassy and committed suicide. When Xin heard that he committed suicide by bending high, he put on white clothes (mourning clothes), avoided the main room and slept elsewhere to show his condolences. An emissary was sent to apologize to An Lingjun, saying, "Wuji is a villain with low morality. He was thoughtless and let it slip to you. Please forgive me! "

Xinlingjun was not controlled, and the threat of Qin to Wei was not lifted. In order to alienate Xin Lingjun and Wang Wei, the King of Qin sent someone to bribe Wei with 10,000 Jin, asking them to vilify Xin Lingjun, saying, "The son is a general of Wei, and the ministers should also join. The world only smells of Wei Gongzi, but not Wang Wei; The son wants to be king, and the princes also intend to make him Wang Wei. " The king of Qin sent people to pretend to congratulate the molecules several times and asked him if he had been Wang Wei. Every day, Wang Wei heard slanderous stories, and he believed them, so he became a soldier and stopped being a son. Knowing that he was once again ruined because of slanderous remarks, the son said that he was sick and did not appear before Wang Wei, and entertained himself day and night with wine and color. In four years, he was poisoned by the king of Qin. King Wei Anli also died in the same year, in 243 BC.

After the death of Qin Wen's son, Meng Ao led an army to attack Wei, pulled out 20 cities and established East County. Eighteen years after the death of the son, in 225 BC, Guo captured Wei's and destroyed the counties of Wei.

Historical position

The guests of the vassal States presented Sun Tzu's Art of War to their son, who wrote down its name, which was called Sun Tzu's Art of War of Wei Gongzi. Among the military strategists of Hanshu Yiwenzhi, there are 2 1 articles of Wei Gongzi.

It is against the will of King Wei Anli that Xinlingjun stole the military symbols, seized the army and defeated Qin Cunzhao, but it is actually the great interest of Wei. Zhao Cun, Wei is not isolated but has a barrier. Defeating Qin Jun eliminated Wang Weizun's illusion that Qin was the emperor, reduced his fear of Qin, and improved Wei's prestige in the eastern countries.

Sima Qian portrayed Xin as a good corporal. He believes that Xin Lingjun's "seclusion in caves and shame in making friends" and "being a famous vassal" are both true, so Xin Lingjun ranks first among the four sons in history.

The Preface to Taishi Gong said: "You can be rich or poor, you can be wicked, but you can only trust Ling Jun." Xin was an influential figure in Qin and Han Dynasties. Zhang Er, a Liang native, "was a guest with Wei Gongzi when he was young"; Chen Yi, a native of A Liang, was called the son of Mu Wei when he was young.

Liu Bang, the emperor gaozu of Han Dynasty, also "counted virtuous sons" when he was young. When he became an emperor, every time he crossed the girder, he often sacrificed his son; In the twelfth year of Emperor Gaozu, the son kept the Five Mausoleums and offered sacrifices at four o'clock every year. Tian Mingwen (? -before 279), minister of the imperial clan of the State of Qi during the Warring States period. Tian Wen's father is Tian Ying. Tian Ying is Qi Weiwang's youngest son and Qi Xuanwang's half-brother. Tian Ying once held an important position and served as prime minister, and was sealed in Xue (now southeast of Tengzhou, Shandong Province). At that time, his name was Jing. After Tian Ying's death, Tian Wenji was located in Xue and was famous for inviting 3,000 diners.

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Meng Changjun's father Tian Ying came to power in Qi Weiwang. Together with Zou Ji, Cheng Hou and Tian Ji, he led troops to rescue South Korea's attack on Wei. Later, Cheng Hou and Tian Ji had a deep grudge to win the favor of the King of Qi. As a result, Cheng Hou betrayed Tian Ji. Tian Ji was afraid, so he attacked the cities on the border of Qi, but he didn't win and ran away. At this time, when he died, he became the monarch of Li. Knowing that Cheng Hou had framed Tian Ji, Xuan Wang recalled Tian Ji and made him a general. In the second year of Wang Xuan (before 34 1), Tian Ji attacked Wei together with Sun Bin and Tian Ying, defeated Wei in the Battle of Maling, captured Prince Wei alive and killed Pang Juan, the general of Wei. In the seventh year of Wang Xuan (336 BC), Tian Ying was ordered to send envoys to South Korea and Wei, and through his activities, South Korea and Wei surrendered to Qi. Tian Ying accompanied Han Zhaohou and Wei Huiwang to meet Qi Xuanwang in Southeast Asia, and the three countries left after signing an alliance. In the second year, I met Liang in Zhendi League. This year, Liang passed away. In the ninth year of Wang Xuan (334 BC), Tian Ying was appointed as the prime minister of Qi. Qi Xuanwang and Wei Xiangwang called each other kings in Xuzhou League. When Chu Weiwang learned about it, he was very angry with Tian Ying and thought he planned it. In the second year, Chu attacked Qi, defeated the Qi army in Xuzhou, and sent people to kill Tian Ying. Tian Ying sent Zhang Chou to persuade Chu Weiwang, but Chu Weiwang didn't stop him. Tian Ying was the prime minister of Qi for eleven years. When he died, he became king. King Jin ascended the throne for three years, and became the title of the country in Fengtian.

Heibaijiao

In Yi Xue, Meng Changjun recruited guests from various vassal states, even fugitives, many of whom joined Meng Changjun. Meng Changjun would rather give up his family business than give them generous treatment, and no matter rich or poor, no matter the underworld, as long as they are like-minded, they will be treated with courtesy, so that all people with lofty ideals in the world can fall in love. There are thousands of his diners, and the treatment is the same as Tian Wen. Whenever Meng Changjun receives guests and talks with them, he always arranges the stone room behind the screen, so that he can record Meng Changjun's conversation with the guests and the residence of their relatives. As soon as the guests left, Meng Changjun sent messengers to relatives' homes to comfort them and give them presents. Once, Meng Changjun entertained a guest for dinner, and a person covered the light. The guest was very angry and thought that the quality of the food was definitely not equal, so he put down his chopsticks and left. Meng Changjun immediately stood up and personally carried his own food. Compared with him, the guest was ashamed, so he choked up and apologized. Therefore, many smart people are willing to join Meng Changjun. Meng Changjun warmly received all the guests, impartial, and gave them generous treatment. So all the guests think that Meng Changjun is close to them.

Xiang of Qin heard that he was very capable, so he sent Jingyang Jun to Qi as a hostage and asked to see him. Meng Changjun was going to Qin, but the guests didn't agree with his trip, so they advised him, but he wouldn't listen and insisted on going. At this moment, a guest named Su Dai said to him, "I came from outside this morning and saw a puppet man talking to a clay doll. The puppet man said,' When it rains, you will collapse.' The puppet said,' I am made of earth. Even if it collapses, I will return to the earth. If it rains innocently, the water will flow to you, and I don't know where it will wash you. "Today's Qin is a country of tigers and wolves, and you are determined to go. If you can't come back, can you not be laughed at by puppets? " Upon hearing this, Meng Changjun realized the truth and stopped preparing for the trip.

Crow like a rooster and scratch like a dog ―― become mean or mean.

When Zhao Haoqi of Qin heard that Tian Wen was very capable, he invited him to Qin, hoping that he could hold the same position. However, Qin Prime Minister Chi was worried that he would usurp his throne, so he ordered his civil servant Sun Ying to slander Xiang, saying, "He is from the State of Qi, and his position must be before Qin. Besides, all his clients are crouching tiger, and they know everything about Qin. Once he betrayed Qin, Qin was in danger. " . Item to ask Gui Liji, Gui Liji pretended to be surprised and said, "You're right. Tian Wen is the scourge of Qin. It is better to kill him! " Xiang expressed doubts about this and put him under house arrest in the building. Qin Jingyang is closely related to Tian Wen. He told Tian Wen the truth and made a suggestion: "The king of Zhao Xiangguo loves Yanji, and only by bribing her can she be saved." Tian Wen pleaded with Yanji, Qin's favorite concubine. Yanji asked for his white fox fur robe, but this white fox fur robe was given to Qin Zhaowang. Fortunately, Tian Wen had an inferior guest who sneaked into the warehouse late at night. He deceived the guards like a dog barking, stole the robe and gave it to Yanji. Yanji interceded for Qin Zhaowang and let Tian Wen go. But soon, Zhao Haoqi of Qin regretted it and sent troops to chase it. Tian Wen and his party came to Hanguguan, the border of Qin State, and stipulated that no one should be released before the cock crowed, but they refused to change people on the grounds that time was not up. Fortunately, some lower-class guests learned to crow realistically, which led other chickens to crow together, and Tian Wen passed the border in time. When he arrived in Zhao, people in Zhao laughed at his short stature and became very angry. His guests killed all the people who made fun of him. Go back to Qi State and become the phase of Qi State. Tian Wen lamented that "pearls are not as good as mud pills; It was two unknown servants who saved him, and his talent was immeasurable. Therefore, he regards these two public guests as excellent guests. Later, the king of Qi was very arrogant and wanted to kill him, so he fled to Wei, and joined forces with Yan, Zhao, Wei, Chu and Qin to almost destroy Qi.

The story of Tian Wen's cock crows and the dog thieves refers to the twenty-five years of the King of Qi, and the story of Zi Tongzhi Jian refers to the three years of the King of Qi in 298 BC.