The charm and characteristics of golf

Golf is a green, healthy and fashionable sport. Golf has many fans mainly because of its unique charm. Let's talk about the charm and characteristics of golf! Welcome everyone to refer to it!

1. Golf is the least harmful sport.

Different from football and basketball, golf often appears rude actions such as deliberately pulling, tripping and hurting people in the game. There are almost no external factors that cause sports injuries except that the surface of the golf field may cause sprained feet. Back and shoulder strain may also be caused by insufficient warm-up activities or poor swing skills of golfers before playing. But in general, as long as we follow the rules of golf, we can completely prevent similar sports injuries to a great extent. So golf is a sport with high safety factor.

2. Golf is the perfect combination of man and nature.

Many sports are also carried out in the natural environment, such as mountain climbing, rock climbing, cross-country cycling and so on. The similarity of these events is to challenge nature and transcend the limits of life; On the other hand, golf is regarded as a special sport. It is a sport to enjoy and get close to nature. Playing golf is like being in the midst of birds and flowers. You can smell the forest, grass and soil, and sometimes animals will appear in front of you. Playing golf can also cultivate golfers' awareness of environmental protection. When your swing damages every grass and tree on the court, your sense of responsibility drives you to do some repair work to repay everything that the natural environment has given you.

3. Golf pays attention to etiquette and self-discipline.

The first chapter of rules of golf is about golf etiquette. The etiquette norms respected by golf have profound cultural connotations and broad social significance. For example, the consideration of other players mentioned in the rules, the priority of the stadium and the protection of the lawn of the stadium all reflect a gentleman's demeanor of putting others first and being a good corporal. Therefore, the world also calls golf a "gentleman's sport". Under the influence of its rules and the constraint of people's subjective consciousness, players should show good self-discipline when confirming and judging their own achievements, which is another important embodiment of etiquette and players' code of conduct respected by golf. These characteristics fully reflect the rich cultural connotation and civilized and elegant sports characteristics of golf.

4. Strong participation.

Golf is not restricted or restricted by age, sex and physical quality from the way of exercise to the intensity of exercise. From 3-year-old children to ancient and rare old people, they can participate, fight together or relax alone. Because golf itself is a "combination of static and dynamic" sport, it is not an intense sport. Players can adjust the rhythm and intensity of playing according to their physical strength.

Golf is a sport to cultivate interpersonal relationships.

There are people from different countries and all walks of life on the golf course, so if you play in a lush leisure environment, you will have the opportunity to make friends and strengthen international exchanges. On the court, you can talk about business, chat at home or catch up while playing golf. Playing golf is actually a party and a ball talk. Golf's playing style, endless space and good environment make it easier to make friends with the ball than any other sport.

In China, fans are eager for golf not only because it is a healthy sport, but also because golf has become a status symbol and a social fashion.

Project history

First of all, according to historical documents, the earliest record of golf appeared in 1457. As soldiers' enthusiasm for golf affected their daily training, James II, then King of Scots, asked Parliament to issue a decree banning golf.

Secondly, the name of golf also comes from the Scottish word "Gouf", which means "strike, strike". Most of the golf courses built now are modeled after the unique coastal sandy land in Scotland, which should not only have high-quality lawns with good drainage, but also have certain undulating shapes.

After about 300 years of folk games, golf finally operates as a sports industry in 1744. On March 7th, 1744, "Lees Gentleman Golf Club" (now called "Edinburgh Golf Club") specially drew up a set of rules for members to abide by in the competition held on April 2nd. This rule became the earliest written rule in the history of golf and was called "Thirteen Rules" by later generations. The rules are published in clear text, and 150 has been the basic rules for golf competitions in Europe and America for more than 50 years.

About 100 years later, 1860, the world's first golf tournament, the British Open, was held, creating a precedent for modern golf. With the continuous expansion of British colonial rule, golf has spread from the British Isles to Europe, America, Africa, Oceania and Asia. By the beginning of the 20th century, golf had spread all over the world.

With the increasing number of international competitions, the differences between the Royal Old Golf Club of St Andrews, Scotland and the American Golf Association are also intensifying. Until the beginning of the 20th century, the two most influential organizations reached an agreement to adopt the rules of golf competition formulated by the Royal Old Golf Club of St Andrews, Scotland when holding international competitions in Europe and America. Even so, the two institutions still have differences on many technical details of the rules. Every time an' International Golf Championship' is held in two places, the rules should be unified before the game.

195 1 year, after careful consultation, the American Golf Association and the Royal Old Golf Club of St Andrews, Scotland, fundamentally resolved their differences in understanding the rules, reached a consensus on the interpretation of the rules, and unanimously decided to hold a joint meeting every four years to review mistakes and revise the rules of golf. Since then, these two institutions have become the highest authority in the world to formulate, interpret and arbitrate the rules of golf.

Golf was listed as an Olympic event in 1900 and 1904, but it was not an official Olympic event. Golf was listed as an official event in 1900, 1904 and 20 16 Olympic Games.

hardware requirement

① Stadium

Golf course consists of grassland, lake, beach, trees and other natural landscapes.

A standard golf course covers an area of 60~ 100 ha hm (hectare), generally including 4 par-3 holes, 10 par-4 holes and 4 par-5 holes, of which *** 18 holes. According to 18 hole, the ball is divided into 18 courses with different sizes, and each course consists of tee, fairway, green and hole.

② Clubs and balls

A golf club consists of a club head, a shaft and a grip, and its length is generally between 0.9 1 ~1.29 m. According to the different needs of hitting the ball, each player can bring 14 clubs at most, and the following configurations are appropriate: 4 wooden poles, 9 irons and1putter.

Wooden poles are actually alloy materials, because they were made of high elasticity and high hardness wood such as persimmon wood in the early days, so they are still called wooden poles now. The wooden pole is characterized by its long length and big head. The wooden pole is suitable for playing long-distance ball.

The iron bar is shorter and the head is smaller. The hitting distance of the iron bar is not as far as that of the wooden bar, but it can control the impact point of the ball to a more accurate degree.

The putter is a special kind of club, which is used to drive the ball into the hole on the green.

Golf balls are generally solid white balls made of rubber, and the surface is evenly covered with dents, which is conducive to stable flight and improved accuracy. The hardness of golf balls is generally 70 ~ 105. The higher the degree, the harder the ball is, and the harder it is to master the direction. Beginners are suitable for choosing balls with lower hardness. Golf shoes's sole generally has about 6~7 spikes, which can prevent slipping and keep the player balanced when swinging.

match

rule

1744, the rules of golf formulated and published by Edinburgh Golf Association appeared, with thirteen rules, which were first applied to the first British Open in 1754. Since 1897, R&A (Royal Classical Golf Club) is responsible for the maintenance and revision of rules of golf. Golf withdrew from the Olympic Games on 1936, but its development did not stop. Golf is in the ascendant in North America. Due to geographical, cultural and political differences, the rules are ambiguous. From 195 1, rules of golf is jointly approved by R&A and USGA, and is revised every four years. Rules of golf formulated by R&A and USGA maintains the order of golf. With the continuous development of golf, the attention of major golf events in the world sports has been increasing. Finally, in 20 16, golf returned to Rio de Janeiro Olympic Games in Brazil. Under this background, R&A and USGA revised the rules of golf again, which was promulgated and implemented on 20 19 1. [8]

Although there are many rules in golf, there are two basic rules: first, players play under fair conditions; The second point is to handle any situation objectively and fairly during the competition. In fact, all the rules of golf are formulated on these two premises.

1. Before starting a round of competition

Read the local rules on the scorecard or bulletin board. Make an identification mark on the ball. Many golfers use the same brand of balls. If they can't identify their own ball, it will be regarded as lost. Counting the number of clubs, you can carry 14 clubs at most.

2. In a round of competition

Please don't ask anyone for help except your partner or caddy; Please don't help anyone except the players on the same side; You can ask for information such as rules, distance and obstacle areas, flagpole position, etc. Please don't practice hitting the ball while playing. Do not use any artificial devices or abnormal equipment unless explicitly permitted by local regulations.

3. After a round of competition.

Match match and make sure the results are published. Stroke play, please make sure to fill in the scorecard correctly and submit it to the Committee as soon as possible.

14.8.3 Rules of Golf Competition

1. Hit the ball from the tee.

Between the two tee-off signs, the front ends of the two tee-off signs are connected with the tee-off within the length of the last two clubs. Playing outside the service area: there is no penalty for matching the hole, and the opponent can ask you to hit the ball again immediately; Stroke play was fined 2 shots and had to play another ball in the right area.

play a ball game

I can't see the identification mark of the ball. After informing the scorer and the opponent, mark the position of the ball and pick it up to identify it.

Play from the current position of the ball. Don't change the position, expected position and swing area of the ball, or the route of playing; Move, bend or break any fixed body or growth, except when standing and swinging; Press anything.

When the ball is in the bunker or water obstacle area, please don't do the following actions: touch the ground (or the water in the water obstacle area) with your hand or club before swinging; Remove scattered obstacles. If you hit the wrong ball: in the game, the hole is negative; Stroke play was awarded 2 shots, and the mistake must be corrected by playing the right ball.

3. On the hole area

In the hole area, you can: mark the position of the ball, pick it up and wipe it, but you must put it back in its original place accurately; Repair the ball marks and buried marks of the old hole, but not other injuries such as shoe nail marks. When hitting the ball on the hole, make sure that the flagpole has been removed or disposed of. Even if the ball is in the hole area, you can remove or look after the flagpole.

4. The still ball is moved

The ball will be fined 1 if the following conditions occur during use, and must be put back in its original position: it will move accidentally; Pick it up if the rules don't allow it. If someone other than your partner or caddy moves a static ball, or it is moved by another ball, you won't be punished, but you should put the ball back in its original position. If the static ball is blown away by the wind or moved for its own reasons, it will not be punished, as long as it continues to play in its current position.

5. The ball in motion is turned or stopped.

If the hit ball is diverted or blocked by yourself, your partner, caddy or equipment, you will be fined L-stroke, and then continue to play in the current position of the ball (rules of golf 19-2). If the hit ball is diverted or blocked by another static ball, it will not be punished in general, as long as the ball continues to play at the current position. Only in stroke play, if both balls are on the hole before you hit the ball, you will be fined 2 strokes.

6. Pick up the ball, throw it out and put it away

Before picking up the ball that needs to be put back in place, the position of the ball must be calibrated. There is no need to mark the position of the ball when picking it up and throwing it out or putting it in another position. When pitching, stand up straight, straighten your arms, lift the ball to shoulder height, and then let the ball fall naturally. The common situation that the ball must be thrown again: after throwing the ball, the ball rolls where it is still blocked by this situation; The ball is still two strokes away from the throwing point; The ball stopped near the hole. After throwing the ball again, the ball rolls to the above position. When pitching again, put the ball where it first touches the court.

7. A ball that helps or hinders the game.

If a ball may help other players play, if it is your ball, you can pick it up; If it is someone else's ball, you can ask someone else to pick it up. If any ball prevents you from playing, you can ask someone to pick it up. Never agree to leave the ball in a certain position to help another player play. When you pick up the ball because it helps or hinders playing, you must not wipe it unless it is in the hole area.

Step 8 disperse obstacles

If scattered obstacles (that is, scattered natural objects, such as stones, scattered leaves and branches, etc. ) and the ball are not in the same obstacle area, you can clear the scattered obstacles. If your ball moves by removing scattered obstacles, you will be fined 1, and you must put the ball back in its original position.

9. Movable obstacles

Movable obstacles anywhere can be moved with impunity. If the ball moves because of this, it must be put back in place without punishment. If the ball is in or on a movable obstacle, you can pick it up, remove the obstacle, and then throw it right below the original position of the ball in the obstacle without punishment. The ball should be placed at this point except when it is in the hole area.

10. Immovable obstacles and abnormal court conditions

If the ball is not in the water obstacle area, if immovable obstacles and abnormal field conditions actually hinder the position, positioning or swing of the ball, the ball can be remedied without punishment. Pick up the ball and throw it within the nearest remedy point 1 club, not closer to the hole. If the ball is located in the hole area, put it on the nearest remedial point. When the ball is in the bunker, it can be remedied behind the bunker after being punished by 1.

1 1. Water obstacle area

When the ball enters the water hazard area, you can play in the current position, and after receiving the penalty of 1, you can hit the ball at the last hitting place, or behind the water hazard area, you can throw the ball on the line between the hole and the point where the ball finally crosses the boundary of the water hazard area. If the ball is in the side water obstacle area, you can choose the disposal method of the water obstacle area, or you can throw a ball within two strokes after accepting the punishment of 1: the point where the ball finally crosses the boundary of the water obstacle area, or a point on the other side of the obstacle area, which is the same length from the two points of the hole.

12. The ball is lost or out of bounds, and the ball is tentatively set.

If the ball is lost or out of bounds outside the water hazard area, after accepting the penalty of 1, play another ball at the place where the ball was hit last time, that is, "one shot plus distance". You have five minutes to find a ball, and then if you haven't found it or can't recognize it, the ball will lose. After hitting the ball, the ball may be lost or out of bounds outside the water hazard area, so play a "test ball" and announce your intention in advance. If the initial ball is lost or out of bounds, accept the penalty of 1 and continue the game with this provisional ball.

13. Invincible ball

When the ball is in the water obstacle area, the no-hitting rule is not applicable. In other areas of the court, the ball is considered unplayable. After accepting the penalty of 1, the ball is hit at the last hitting place; Or behind the ball block, throw a ball on the connecting line between the hole and the ball block with unlimited distance; Don't go near the hole when throwing the ball, within 2 strokes from the hole. The ball is in the bunker. You can follow the above procedure. You must throw the ball into this bunker.

well-behaved

Observe the departure and serve time, and being late is the biggest taboo to participate in golf competitions.

Players should make sure that no one is standing near the place where the club may hit when hitting the ball or practicing the swing.

For the sake of other players, don't disturb or influence others when hitting the ball.

Protect the stadium and avoid unnecessary damage.