Decryption: Yang Tinghe's family, Sancai and Jiajing Dynasty suddenly declined?

Seventy years later, I am bald, and obviously the law allows me to retire.

Returning to Hugh has become an old man in Baling, and he has become a prisoner in Yunnan.

This is not a clear idea, but it is a clever trap.

My hometown is full of children, and I am sad and tearful in spring.

This poem entitled Feeling Sick on June 14th was written by Yang Shen more than twenty days before his death. Words are extremely sad, which can be described as blood and tears. Behind this poem lies the great tragedy of Yang Shen's life.

A family of three generations also produced a champion, Yang Shen, nicknamed Sheng 'an, who was born in a bureaucratic family in Xindu, Sichuan. Grandfather Yang Chun, a scholar in Chenghua seventeen years, went to Huguang to give lectures; Father Yang Tinghe is a scholar of Chenghua for fourteen years. Yang Shen is the third generation of Yang's official career. In six years, when Zheng De was 24 years old, he took part in the senior high school entrance examination, and palace examination became the first scholar in the undergraduate course. A scholar of three generations also produced a champion. Such a family is rare not only in Xindu, but also in the whole country.

Among the three generations of Yang's officials, Yang Tinghe is the greatest. He has been an official for 46 years. Except for Jiajing for three years, Ding Fu worried about going home for three years, and spent the remaining 43 years as an official in Beijing. By the time Wu Zong died, Yang Tinghe was already a record.

There are countless women who have been close to Wu Zong all his life, but he has not given birth to any children. So when he dies, there is no legal heir to inherit the emperor. According to the regulations, it is necessary to find a "prince" among the governors closely related to Wu Zong, and Yang Tinghe is responsible for this work.

At that time, three people were eligible to inherit the throne. After some consideration, Yang Tinghe chose Zhu. Zhu Houxi's father Zhu Huhang is Xiaozong's younger brother. Wu Zong is the only son of Xiao Zong, Zhu Huxing is his uncle, and Zhu Houxiao is his cousin.

When Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, Zhu 15 years old. Under the auspices of Yang Tinghe, Zhu succeeded to the throne.

Yang Tinghe is familiar with the story of the imperial court. After Zhu Hou came to Beijing, he asked the soon-to-ascend emperor to go through a legal procedure and adopt his uncle Emperor Xiaozong. In this way, Zhu Houxi will inherit the throne as the son of Xiaozong, not as a nephew. This practice is called forbearance. Zhu readily agreed because he knew that if he didn't, the emperor couldn't do it.

However, when Zhu became a veritable Jiajing Emperor, he immediately changed his mind. On the sixth day after he ascended the throne, he wrote to ministers to discuss how to respect his biological parents. When Yang Tinghe reminded him of the principle of "having a burden", the 15-year-old emperor flew into a rage and argued: "Xiaozong is an uncle, how did he become a father? Xing is my biological father, but how did he become an uncle again? It is not appropriate to walk around like this. "

Since then, Emperor Jiajing has waged an indomitable and endless struggle with ministers headed by Yang Tinghe until the first month of the third year of Jiajing. Emperor Jiajing got his wish and finally changed "Xing Wang Xian" to "Emperor Kao Xing Xian Di".

Seeing that the situation was irreversible, Yang Tinghe returned to Xindu, Sichuan in a rage. This incident was a famous "big gift case" during Jiajing period of Ming Dynasty.

However, the big gift case did not stop because of Yang Tinghe's resignation, but intensified.

When it comes to ritual cases, we can't help but talk about Gui Calyx and Zhang Cong. Gui and Zhang were both Jinshi shortly before Jiajing Emperor ascended the throne. Especially the laurel calyx, when he was admitted to Jinshi, he was over 47 years old. If you want to follow the examination method of Ming officials, he will be diligent until he is 60 years old, and it will be very good to be a county magistrate in Qipin. When the big gift dispute happened, both Gui and Zhang were in charge. The so-called observation of politics is not a real job, but an exercise before taking office. If it's arranged in the punishments department, it's called the punishments department. Arranged in does, called does view politics, and so on. According to this person's ability and performance during the inspection period, the official department will grant him a real position.

At the beginning of the gift dispute, the civil service group led by Yang Tinghe was almost one-sided, insisting that Emperor Jiajing should regard Xiaozong as an imperial examination. Although Jia Jing, who first ascended the throne, was unwilling, he still didn't have the strength to defeat the cabinet. Because, although the emperor's power is supreme, it must be responded immediately to be effective. What made Emperor Jiajing hold his breath was that it was Yang Tinghe who responded at that time, not the emperor who kept his word.

It should be said that Yang Tinghe's insistence is right. In his view, the rules of the game about "Cheng Jian" in history are immutable. This is the lovely side of literati and politicians, and it is also a sad side. As the dispute over gifts reached a deadlock, the emperor and the records were in a confrontation stage, and two people stood up and broke the balance, namely Gui Calyx and Zhang Cong.

Seeing the anxiety and dissatisfaction of Emperor Jiajing, the two immediately realized that this was an excellent opportunity for them to get ahead, so they plotted in the secret room and wrote their own rebuttal to Yang Tinghe. People who show great filial piety all respect their biological parents. Respect for parents means respect for ancestors and the country. The emperor is the most dutiful son in the world and a model for ordinary people. "

Jiajing was overjoyed to receive this letter. The restriction of relative power on imperial power is already very fragile. The memorial of Gui and Zhang immediately broke the balance pattern, and Yang Tinghe and other ministers immediately fell into a passive position.

Gui Calyx and Zhang Cong were promoted quickly, and were successively transferred to Nanjing as the director of punishments. If the political level is equivalent to the section chief, the chief of punishments is equivalent to the cadre at the department level.

When Gui and Zhang arrived in Nanjing, they quickly put them together and continued to write to the emperor on the gift case. Emperor Jiajing's attitude became very tough with the assistance of Austria, which led to the resignation of cabinet ministers as a whole.

After Yang Tinghe left, there was no strongman who insisted on principles like him among civil servants, and the relative power could no longer restrict the imperial power. When Yang Tinghe Zhishi came home, Jiajing 18 years old. After three years of tempering, he has changed from a brat to a jealous and malicious politician who knows not only revenge but also politics. So it intensified and decided to promote a group of officials who are loyal to themselves. Of course, in his eyes, laurel calyx and Zhang Cong should be valued most. However, he knew that merely promoting Gui Calyx and Zhang Cong would arouse the criticism of courtiers. Then take circuitous measures, decided to add eight academicians, put Gui Calyx and Zhang Cong in, and Yang Shen, the son of Yang Tinghe, was the first.

Yang Tinghe aside, Yang Shen's personal knowledge and qualifications are convincing enough. After Zheng De won the first prize in the six-year exam, he became an academician, and his level was six grades. Later, due to the loss of his mother, Ding was worried for three years and returned to Beijing in 12 years. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty left Juyongguan in August that year and went to visit the Great Wall in the name of patrolling the border. Yang Shen remonstrated, since very unhappy. At that time, Yang Tinghe was appointed as the records to protect his son. At that time, Yang Shen resigned and left Beijing on the grounds of illness. Yang Shen went to Beijing for the third time, shortly after Jiajing succeeded to the throne. He was arranged to be an official at the banquet and became the teacher of Emperor Jiajing.

Emperor Jiajing didn't like the teacher, because Yang Shen always used the opportunity of lectures to satirize his improper administration with ancient examples. But because of Yang Shen's fame and because he is the son of Yang Tinghe, Yang Shen was chosen as the first candidate in this selection.

But Yang Shen won't buy it. After learning the news of the appointment, under his guidance, 36 colleagues of the Hanlin Academy attached their names together and wrote to Emperor Jiajing, including such a passage:

Chen and others are different from Calyx generation academically and have different opinions. I speak as if I were a routine; Calyx and so on. , is still cold and insulting. Today, your majesty is superior and doesn't take what I said seriously. Can't be in the same column, so I am willing to give it.

Emperor Jiajing was very angry when he received this letter. He issued a decree to punish those who ascended the throne headed by Yang Shen for marching. After more than a month, Jiajing decided to change his father's title "Emperor Xian Di" to "Emperor Gongmu", which caused public outcry. Gui Calyx wrote to the emperor, requesting to summon the imperial court to take Ming as the country. Jiajing must play. In the court debate, Zhang Cong and Chen Gui accused courtiers who opposed posthumous title's reform as cronies on the charge of 13. Minister He Mengchun refuted them one by one. However, this statement has no effect on Jiajing, who still maintains his father's decision to be "Emperor Miyagi".

After the meeting, at He's initiative, 129 officials from major yamen in Beijing gathered at Zuoshunmen to kneel. Yang Shen and He are the same spirit. They made a generous statement to all the officials of the polymerization: "The country has trained scholars for 150 years, and it is today!" Not many words, but every word is stone, hit the floor! Among these officials, there are cabinet ministers, six ministers, and Zhong Shi and Hanlin, all of whom are pillars of the imperial court. They knelt down from seven o'clock in the morning until one o'clock in the afternoon and refused to disperse. Emperor Jiajing sent a Royal Guards to Z Pressure and captured eight heads. Yang Shen patted Zuo Shunmen and cried, and the officials who refused to return also cried together, which shocked the imperial palace. At this point, Emperor Jiajing refused to retreat. He ordered all officials who knelt down to go to the Royal Guards Prison. Two days later, Yang Shen and others 160 people were ordered to go to court. 10 days later, Jiajing, who was still in Yu Nu, ordered seven people, including Yang Shen, to be beaten twice. In this big gift dispute, * * * 18 officials died of torture, 180 people were demoted and dismissed, and 8 people were exiled forever. Yang Shen was one of them. Nothing is afraid of forgetting, but thinking.

About this big gift dispute, there was a nursery rhyme in Beijing at that time:

The incense burner jumps in the ancestral hall, and the lion cries at the meridian gate.

What a bunch of blackheads, half of them become clams and half become dragons.

Undoubtedly, laurel calyx and Zhang Cong are clams and the like; Yang Shen is a respected dragon. However, the stream of the clam has lived in the temple since then, and the dragon can only stay away from the rivers and lakes.

In August, just as Yang Shen left Beijing for Yongchang, Yunnan, Zhang Cong was promoted to second-class minister and joined the cabinet as maintenance counselor under the escort of twips cavalry. Only three years later, Zhang Cong won the position of records, and Gui Calyx was crowned cabinet assistant minister. The two were in cahoots in the big gift case, but later they parted ways and fought for power and profit. But one thing they always agree on is that they always take high-handed measures and never give the demoted officials a chance in the gift-giving case.

In the third year of Jiajing, before the Mid-Autumn Festival, Yang Shen left Beijing with his wife and children and embarked on the road of relegation to Yunnan. I trudged all the way for nearly five months and came to Yongchang in the first month of Jiajing four years. As soon as he got to the barracks and put on the clothes of the condemned man, Yang Shen immediately felt that he had lost his dignity. Lonely and helpless, he wrote the poem "Military Times":

Looking at the heights is too cold, and wild smoke gives birth to dusk.

Heaven and earth drift alone, and rivers and lakes are in front of short-haired soldiers.

Qu Ping gaunt fisherman asked, Han Xin habitat late drifting mother pity.

What happened? Without a partner, Dongfeng sits alone and is fleeting!

Yang Shen, who was born in an official's family, was used to a luxurious life, and suddenly became a prisoner, and his material and spiritual superiority was lost in an instant. But things are not over. After punishing Yang Shen, Emperor Jiajing, who bears a grudge, deprived Yang Tinghe, who was an official at home, of all titles and titles in seven years of Jiajing, and removed him from his post. The next year, the great politician who made great contributions to the country fell ill because of anger and died at home.

In the first few years of Yang Shen's demotion, the gentleman in the DPRK was almost lost. Zhang Cong, Gui Calyx and other villains are in power. Even if they refuse to go with the flow, they will never dare to disobey orders to speak for Yang Shen and other fallen officials. By the sixteenth year of Jiajing, almost all the officials who benefited from the big gift case had become officials. At this time, some officials began to gently persuade Emperor Jiajing to give the demoted a way out. Emperor Jiajing partially adopted the suggestions and corrected most of the demoted officials to varying degrees. But eight people, including Feng and Yang Shen, who took the lead in making trouble, insisted on the original punishment, never pardoned them and sent them back to their exile places.

Filial piety ruled the world in the Ming Dynasty, and filial sons were generally respected in society. In a sense, Jiajing and Yang Shen are both exemplary dutiful sons. Jiajing spared no expense in unjust imprisonment, and also established an emperor title for his father. Yang Shen insisted on the gift that his father Yang Tinghe agreed to at the expense. Everything in the world is afraid of the word "serious". It's a pity that Jiajing and Yang Shen are too serious.

In the twenty-seventh year of Jiajing, 140 people detained for the big gift case were pardoned by the official department and returned to the fields, and 136 people were pardoned. Eight people, including Feng and Yang Shen, will never be forgiven. Jiajing's hatred for Yang Shen is too deep. He lives in ouchi. For decades, he will never forget Yang Shen. He often asks, "What is the cloud in the Yang God?" As the saying goes, everything is not afraid of forgetting, but of thinking. With Emperor Jiajing so concerned, Yang Shen won't achieve anything.

According to the law, anyone over 60 can return to his hometown. But after Yang Shen turned 60, no one dared to accept his application. In this way, at the age of 68, he took time off to go back to his hometown to spend his old age and lived in Luzhou for nearly three years. However, due to another inquiry from Emperor Jiajing, officials in the places where they stayed and borrowed were very frightened. The two places sent gunmen to escort the elderly who were nearly 72 years old and sickly to Yongchang. After Yang Shen returned to the garrison, he was filled with grief and indignation, and wrote the poem "Feeling sick on June 14th".

Although Yang Shen hated Emperor Jiajing in his heart, he didn't dare to criticize him publicly until his death. He just said, "It's not a good idea to move" and blamed the tragedy of his life on "netting smart people and giving them advice". This thin man is like laurel calyx and Zhang Cong. Who can hold out to the end, the emperor or the champion?

Jiajing and Yang Shen, one is the emperor and the other is the champion; One is a student and the other is a teacher; One represents political unity and the other represents orthodoxy. Neither of them is willing to reconcile or give in, and they are both fighting against time to see who can hold out until the end. Unfortunately, Yang Shen is older than Jiajing 17 years old, so he is not dominant in age. After his death in the garrison, Jiajing was emperor for seven years before his death.

1566, Zhu Jiwei, son of Jiajing, became emperor. When he acceded to the throne, he gave Yang Shen * * * as a legacy gift to Shao Qing of Guanglu Temple. * * * The book says "will". It means to give Yang Shen * * * is Jiajing's legacy. This political strategy of "there is no silver here for 320" can be seen by anyone with a discerning eye.

In his later years, Yang Shen wrote a poem "Seeing Yunnan Old Prostitutes in Bijie":

We are both unhappy-at the end of the day, we meet Whitehead and talk about youth.

There is no need to play more pipa, and Sima Qing's shirt is full of tears.

As a scholar of later generations, I feel sad when I see this poem. An outstanding scholar can only lament the impermanence of fate with an old man who is no longer beautiful in the hinterland. What does this mean? Alas, alas!