"Noise is the enemy of mankind." Talking about the harm of noise to human beings.

★ What is noise? Simply put, we can understand irregular sound as noise. There are several main sources of urban noise. One is the construction noise, which is staged. The other is traffic noise, which lasts for a long time. The third kind of noise is the noise in our life, such as the noise in entertainment places, the sound of playing mahjong, MTV and so on.

Among these noises, the most difficult one is car noise. Theoretically, the problem of domestic noise can be solved at the same time by dealing with car noise. Of course, low-intensity construction noise can also be solved. However, I can only say that the noise generated by piling is very difficult to deal with at present. Except that they stopped working within a limited time, we can't decorate our home into the sound insulation standard of the audition room.

First of all, we need to understand a basic concept: decibel, which is the unit of sound pressure level (symbol: db). Every time the sound pressure doubles, the sound pressure level increases by 6 decibels. 1 dB is the sound that the human ear can just hear. Generally speaking, sounds below 20 decibels are considered quiet. Of course, generally speaking, sounds below 15 dB can be considered "dead". 20-40 decibels is about a whisper in a couple's ear. 40-60 decibels belong to our normal conversation voice. Above 60 decibels, it belongs to the noisy range. When it reaches 70 decibels, we can think it is very noisy and begin to damage the auditory nerve. Above 90 decibels will damage hearing, and stay in the space of 100- 120 decibels. Unless there is an accident, people will be deaf for a minute. Among them, the noise of cars varies from 80- 100 decibels. Take a car with a noise of 90 decibels as an example. At a distance of 100 meters, noise of 8 1 decibel can still be heard (the above standards will vary according to environmental differences, not absolute values).

The magnitude of traffic noise is affected by the following factors:

1. The higher the traffic volume of vehicles on adjacent roads, the greater the noise. The noise of the main road will definitely be much louder than that of the municipal roads in the community.

2. The higher the speed of the adjacent expressway, the greater the noise.

3. The higher the proportion of heavy vehicles, the greater the noise, such as container trucks (container trucks).

4. The lower the quality of highway pavement, the greater the noise. With the same pavement quality, the noise with speed bumps will be louder than that without speed bumps.

The closer to the road, the louder the noise. When the same heavy truck passes by, the residential building (plane linear distance) at a height of 5.5 meters from the highway at 10 meter will be attenuated by 0.3 dB, at 30 meters by 4 dB, at 50 meters by 6 dB, and at 100 meter by 8.9 dB.

6. At the same distance from the expressway, the higher the floors of ordinary houses, the greater the noise. (At present, there is no upper limit data, and the possibility of weakening after reaching a certain height is not ruled out, but at present, it is generally the case for the top 32 floors. It is wrong to think that living higher is far away from noise.

7. Those with road noise barriers are lighter than those without noise barriers.

8. The influence of buildings is lighter than that of no buildings.

To solve traffic noise, we have to solve it and see how many kinds of car noise there are. Generally speaking, they can be summarized as follows:

1, the sound of automobile tires rubbing against the ground. This kind of sound is basically bass, accompanied by vibration. This situation is especially adjacent to the fact that concrete roads are more serious than asphalt roads.

2. The sound of automobile engine, exhaust pipe and automobile transmission system. The greater the horsepower, the longer the car limit and the stronger the noise.

3. Load impact caused by car horns, wind resistance and brakes, speed bumps and the sound of vehicle vibration.

Knowing the main sources and classification of noise, I can solve them one by one.

1. The best way to deal with noise is to close the window. Whether you have a single window or a double window, sealing is the most important thing. The bearing capacity of a barrel is determined by the shortest sawdust, and the sound insulation effect is determined by the weakest link. From the current technical level, it is the most effective decoration scheme to use plastic steel windows as sealing means. For users who have adopted aluminum alloy, it is necessary to ensure that the aluminum alloy frame sealing strip is intact. Relatively speaking, the sealing performance of aluminum alloy windows is worse than that of plastic steel windows.

2, the window seal is solved, the next step is to make it more sealed, after all, sound insulation does not mean sealing, but also depends on sealing performance. It is a very effective method to use insulating glass in plastic steel windows. Because the loudest part is often the high-pitched part, and the high-pitched part travels in a straight line, most of it can be reflected by the glass, and the non-reflective part can be consumed by the insulating glass. However, it should be noted that profiteers sell you untreated double glass as insulating glass.

It is also a simple way to use thick curtains to consume some sound energy, but it is certainly not a very effective way.

We can use carpets, cloth and even sound-absorbing cotton to reduce their indoor influence. Rubber pads at the foot of the bed can also reduce vibration. At the same time, mattresses with palm pads are better than Simmons with springs, not to mention hard beds.

5. Now some houses use light bricks (hollow bricks) as external walls, which have poor sealing performance. If your roadside has a great influence on you, you can also make a sandwich of wood square (light steel) and sound-absorbing (sound-insulating) cotton with gypsum board on the wall near the road, and then decorate the surface with wallpaper (of course, you can also treat the surface with ordinary wall paint).

6, of course, no matter how to do sound insulation, don't forget proper ventilation, too closed environment is as unhealthy as sleep. The side facing the noise should prevent noise, and the opposite side should be properly ventilated. Of course, you don't necessarily have to open your windows properly, because noisy things have certain repercussions, which may affect the building behind you and spread back to your building.

The above practice is aimed at roadside noise, but it is also effective for other noises. But in general, traffic noise is the most important type of noise, so solving traffic noise will solve other noises. Of course, the noise caused by piling is long-term, but it can only be solved by complaining to the environmental protection bureau and other institutions. After all, the sound intensity of piling is too strong, and general sound insulation measures are difficult to prevent. In fact, it is not necessary for us to set standards for sound insulation and decoration of the audition room in order to prevent short-term noise.

★ How to reduce noise can take the following measures.

Separate-try not to put electrical appliances in a room, and if the sound pressure level is too high, don't put them in or near the office.

Troubleshooting in time-the noise of electrical appliances working in spite of illness is much louder than that of normal work, so once a fault occurs, it must be eliminated in time.

Staggered use-try to avoid using all kinds of electrical appliances at the same time.

Planting flowers and plants-planting flowers and plants can eliminate some noise.

Supplementation of nutrition-Noise will increase the consumption of certain amino acids and vitamin B in the human body, thus causing the imbalance of human function. Supplementing proper amount of amino acids and vitamins can increase the human body's tolerance to noise. Experts suggest that people who work and live in noisy environment for a long time should supplement some protein and foods rich in vitamin B in a timely and appropriate way.

Noise reduction principle: 1. Attenuation at the sound source; 2. Attenuation during transmission; 3. Attenuation of the receiver.

Methods: 1. Enclose the sound source and build a sound insulation wall at the sound source to prevent the noise from spreading directly.

2. Strengthen greening and plant trees on both sides of complex roads to form barriers.

3. Add sound insulation facilities.

4。 Lubricate the machine sufficiently to prevent noise and protect the machine.

5. Put a sound insulation device in the ear, such as a good earplug.

How to sleep well can take the following measures.

(1) Close your eyes and be quiet. After going to bed, close your eyes first, then open your eyes slightly to keep in touch with the outside world. Although mental activity is still in operation, the tension of sympathetic nerve activity has been greatly reduced, which induces the human body to gradually enter a sleepy state.

(2) Ming and Ancient Heaven Method. After going to bed, lie on your back and close your eyes, cover your left ear with your left palm, cover your right ear with your right palm, and tap the back of your head with your fingers to make it hear the whirring sound. The number of bounces until you feel slightly tired. After you stop bouncing, your head will slowly get close to the sleeping pillow, and then it will naturally be placed on your sides, and you will soon fall asleep.

(4) Sleep induction. Listening to plain and rhythmic sounds, such as the sound of trains running, the chirping of crickets, the sound of dripping water and the sound of falling spring rain, or music hypnosis tapes, is helpful to sleep and can also establish conditioned reflex to induce sleep.

(5) drink hot milk. Drinking a cup of hot milk with sugar before going to bed can increase the secretion of insulin, increase the entry of amino acids into brain cells and promote the brain to secrete serotonin for sleep. At the same time, milk contains a small amount of morphine-like substances, which has the effect of calming and calming the nerves, thus promoting the human body to sleep peacefully.

6) Appropriate sleeping position. Of course, the sleeping position is comfortable and can vary from person to person. However, it is better to sleep on your side. Cao Cishan, a health care expert, pointed out in Sleep Tactics: "Lie on the left side and bend your left foot, bend your left arm, hold your head with your hand, stretch your right foot, and put your right hand between your right thighs. The right bit is the opposite. " This sleeping position is conducive to relaxing the whole body and sleeping soundly.

(7) If you are tired and have difficulty sleeping, you may wish to eat apples, bananas, oranges, oranges, pears and other fruits. Because the fragrance of this fruit has a calming effect on the nervous system; The sugar in fruit can inhibit the cerebral cortex and make it easy to fall asleep.

★ 1. What are the hazards of noise?

1. When you are in school, when you hear noisy sounds (such as the sound of airplanes, thunder, classmates, cars, locomotives, horns, radios, ringtones, propaganda, etc.). ), it will affect our class attendance, thus affecting the learning effect.

The patients in the hospital need a quiet place to rest and recuperate. If there is noise (cough, groan, voice, crying of children, etc.). ), patients will not get enough rest, which will affect the progress of recovery.

3. When reading books and newspapers in the library, if there is noise (footsteps, voices, things falling to the ground, etc. ), unable to concentrate, will affect the reading effect.

4. Living in noisy noise for a long time (the sound of factory machines running and the sound of airport planes taking off and landing) will weaken the hearing of the ears, even make them feel depressed, hurt their body and mind, further reduce work efficiency and seriously cause mental illness.

Second, how to reduce or prevent noise:

1. Variety of trees: Because noise will be absorbed by leaves when it passes through the forest, it is necessary to plant a variety of trees in noisy places (such as airports, highways, railways, factories, etc.). ) to achieve the effect of silence.

2. No honking: It is forbidden for vehicles to honk their horns, especially near hospitals, schools and residential areas. Signs prohibiting honking should be set up to maintain peace in this area.

3. Strengthen noise control: Recently, teenagers often dismantle the muffler of motorcycles, racing in groups in the street, making a lot of noise, and the music played in karaoke, KTV and karaoke bars is not small. The government should strengthen control to maintain the peace of the community.

4. Factories should be moved to suburbs: Factories should not be located in residential areas, and the government should make perfect plans for residential areas, commercial areas and industrial areas to avoid noise disturbing the tranquility of residential areas.

5. Choose building materials with good sound insulation effect: When building, choosing building materials with good sound insulation effect can also reduce noise.