What dialect is Miss (see if your Henan dialect is Miss)

Speaking of Henan, what do you think of? Is it Shaolin Temple in Songshan Mountain or Longmen Grottoes in Luoyang? Is it the hometown of the Yellow Emperor or the Fuxi Mausoleum of Taihao? Is it mutton Huimian Noodles or hot soup? Or air-dried rabbit meat bucket chicken, old temple beef hollow ball? Or all kinds of prejudices against Henan?

Henan is one of the cradles of ancient civilization in China. At least 500 thousand years ago, human beings lived and multiplied here. Seven or eight thousand years ago, Peiligang culture evolved here, and China's early agriculture, aquaculture and handicrafts appeared here. More than 4000 years ago, Longshan culture was deduced here, and Chinese civilization entered the bronze age here.

In the following 4000 years, Xia Dynasty established its capital here, Shang Dynasty established its capital here, and thirteen dynasties, including Western Zhou, Eastern Zhou, Eastern Han, Cao Wei, Western Jin, Northern Wei, Sui and Tang Dynasties established their capital here. As the center of the ancient Central Plains, Henan is surrounded by politics, economy and culture. He has led China culture for more than 3,000 years.

However, since the change of Jingkang in the Northern Song Dynasty, the Jin Dynasty captured Tokyo (now Kaifeng), the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty, and took away Hui Di and Emperor Qin. After that, the Song Dynasty moved south and made Hangzhou its capital. Henan has directly declined from a prosperous area to a turbulent and conservative area, and it has not been able to restore its former glory until now. Sima Guang once said, "Ask the rise and fall of ancient and modern times, please only look at Luoyang City" is also very appropriate.

Speaking of Henan dialect, you can certainly think of a few words with unique accents, "Zhong" and "Hey, you son of a bitch." What are you doing? Going to the dance? Something made of wood? How exciting. Especially "Zhong" (the fourth tone), many friends in Henan even joked: But where "Zhong" is said, it belongs to us in Henan. So how many dialects are popular in Henan? Which dialect is the most difficult to understand?

According to traditional linguistics, China dialect can be roughly divided into seven dialects, while according to the Introduction to China Language and Characters published by the Ministry of Education on 20 19, China dialect can be divided into ten dialects, such as Mandarin, Jin, Wu, Hui, Min, Yue, Hakka, Gan, Xiang and Pinghua. However, even within a big dialect, users sometimes don't understand it, because under a big dialect, it can be subdivided into sub-dialects, sub-dialects, sub-dialects, sub-dialects, sub-dialects and so on. For example, under the Hakka dialect, it can be divided into Lingnan and Lingbei, and then into four sub-dialects, such as Yuetai and Tingzhou. Under the sub-dialects, it can be further subdivided.

In order to allow people to communicate freely, Putonghua is determined to be the common language, and as the basic dialect of China, its internal consistency is high. Mandarin, formerly known as Northern Dialect, is the most widely distributed dialect in Chinese. It can be subdivided into eight sub-dialects, such as northeastern mandarin, Jiaoliao Mandarin, Beijing Mandarin, Jilu Mandarin, Zhongyuan Mandarin, Jianghuai Mandarin, Lanyin Mandarin and Southwest Mandarin, and Henan Mandarin is one of the Central Plains Mandarin.

Zhongyuan Mandarin is the most widely used dialect in Mandarin Chinese, including 390 counties and cities such as Henan, Anhui, Jiangsu, Hebei, Ningxia and Xinjiang. One reason why it is so widely distributed is that it is related to immigration. For example, during the Southern Song Dynasty, the royal family of the Song Dynasty moved its capital to Lin 'an (now Hangzhou). Lin 'an had 260,000 residents, most of whom were from Henan. In the Ming Dynasty, Lang Ying also recorded in "Seven Manuscripts": "The language in the city is better than other places. Gaichu lived in seclusion and wanted to travel south, so it was quite like a border tone. " Sigh that Hangzhou people have Kaifeng accent.

The Atlas of Chinese Language (2nd Edition) divides the Central Plains Mandarin into 14 pieces according to geographical distribution, and there are 9 pieces in Henan. Now people are more accustomed to dividing Henan dialects into two or three categories by their own division methods. These two words are divided according to dialects. People in Anyang, Linzhou, Hebi, Xinxiang, Qinyang and Jiyuan, which are close to Taihang Mountain, mostly belong to the new films of Jin dialect. The dialects of other counties and cities in Henan Province belong to Mandarin dialects and belong to two different dialects.

If you want to divide it into three kinds, you should divide it into sub-dialects, because people in the Jin dialect area near Taihang Mountain area are excluded. Henan dialect contains two sub-dialects of northern mandarin, which are roughly drawn according to Huaihe River. Xinyang dialect is the main dialect in southern Huainan, with a strong Anhui accent. Huangxiao film, which belongs to Jianghuai Mandarin, is still somewhat different from Zhongyuan Mandarin. There are some obstacles for people in these three areas to communicate in dialects. It should be the most difficult for friends in Henan Zhongyuan Mandarin area to listen to friends in Jin dialect area, and the second is that friends in Xinyang city are even worse.

Let's talk about Luoyang dialect here Li Fu once said, "When China's accent is cut, it is better to live in the world than to live in the East. This is very positive." In ancient times, people thought that Luoyang was one of the best in the world, and the "reading voice" of imperial academy in Luoyang became the standard voice of the gentry. At that time, the upper intellectuals were proud of the "Luoyang sound" and thought it was a symbol of status. Of course, Luoyang dialect here refers more to Luoyang pronunciation than Luoyang dialect. According to Tan Xuan, Kou Zhun in Song Dynasty said "Xiluo" was "on earth", while Ding Wei in Song Dynasty said "otherwise, only the scholar was right. Meaning: Kou Zhun thinks Luoyang dialect is the standard pronunciation, Ding Weisong thinks it is wrong, and Luoyang pronunciation is the standard pronunciation.

So, do you know what the following Henan dialect means?

Figure: Internet

Text: carefree cloth