Browse the highlights of Robinson Crusoe and tell me what you have learned from it.

Robinson Crusoe is a novel, and the content of this lesson consists of a synopsis and wonderful fragments.

Robinson Crusoe tells the story of an Englishman named Robinson who was in distress during his voyage in the17th century. He landed on a desert island alone. In order to overcome death, he relied on the surviving means of production and living on the wrecked ship and launched a tenacious struggle with nature. He will encounter great difficulties in everything he does, but he can stand the test of failure. With hard work, he successfully built a house on the desert island, cultivated farmland and built a sheepfold, which changed the face of the desert island and changed his life. After more than 28 years of lonely life, he finally escaped from danger and returned to his hometown.

The synopsis narrates Robinson's adventures in chronological order, including "Island in distress", "Building a house to settle down", "Raising livestock to farm", "Saving Friday" and "Returning to England", which highlights Robinson's harsh living environment and shows his fearless, resourceful, strong-willed and intelligent characteristics.

The highlight is about Robinson's life when he first arrived on the island and his thinking about reality. The fragment can be divided into two parts. The first part describes Robinson's melancholy and lonely life on the island: when he first arrived on the island, Robinson carved it on a post with a knife to record the time; Although I got a lot from the ship, I still lack a lot; The lack of tools made it difficult for him to build a wooden fence; Find food for yourself every day. The second half is Robinson's rational thinking about his present situation and environment: he arranged his happiness and misfortune, advantages and disadvantages fairly, found something to be grateful for, and took a slight liking to his situation, and then began to settle down and arrange his future life wholeheartedly.

Robinson's struggle in the center of harsh environment is the focus of this clip, and it is also his strength to be content with the status quo and live bravely in desperation.

The purpose of writing this article is: first, through reading the text, let students know the contents of foreign famous works, understand the difficulties encountered by the characters and the ways to overcome them, pay attention to the fate of the characters, and experience their positive attitude towards life; The second is to stimulate students' interest in reading the whole book.

The focus of teaching is to understand the theme of famous books, understand the life attitude of characters and stimulate students' desire to read the whole book.

2. Text analysis.

Understanding of (1) sentence.

Robinson named the savage he saved "Friday".

Robinson saved the savage on Friday, so he named him "Friday". This name has something to do with Robinson's consistent emphasis on time. In the original work, there are many records about time. He remembers that he came to the island on September 30, and after staying on the island for eleven or twelve days, he thought of carving marks on the big pillars with a knife to record the year, month and day ... so it was reasonable to name the barbarians.

Now I want to live a melancholy and lonely life unheard of in the world.

This sentence is a portrayal of life on Robinson Island. The life he wants is unheard of, and he is depressed and lonely. Alone on an isolated island, it can be said that Robinson's difficulties are not only the embarrassment of food and clothing, but also loneliness and despair. How to overcome his mental depression and disappointment is the key to his survival on the island.

I don't want it to hold anything for me, and I don't want it to be my partner. I just want it to talk to me, but it can't.

There is a dog on the island, which should be said to be a good companion. Robinson said this, which is a manifestation of his extreme loneliness. People need to communicate. After this idea is too strong, I hope the dog around me can talk. This also reflects Robinson's loneliness and helplessness. It is no wonder that when Robinson met "Friday" later, he described it like this: "However, at this moment, the first person who was knocked unconscious woke up, so I pointed to him and showed it to the rescued savage. This man immediately told me a string of words I didn't understand, and I felt indescribable kindness, because this is the first time I have heard human voices since I came to a desert island for 25 years. "

On the whole, it turns out that my current unfortunate situation is rare in the world. However, even in this case, there are some negative or positive things to be thankful for.

This passage should be understood in combination with Robinson's arrangement of "good luck" and "bad luck" in living on a desert island. Living alone on a desert island is full of hardships and dangers, which is a great misfortune and a negative thing. However, compared with his partner who died in the sea, he was lucky. After all, he is still alive and there is hope, so he should be grateful. This sentence is the concentrated expression of Robinson's thought of "contentment is always happy".

I hope everyone in the world can learn from my most unfortunate situation. The lesson is that under the most unfortunate circumstances, we can also find something to comfort ourselves by comparing advantages and disadvantages.

This sentence embodies Robinson's positive and optimistic attitude towards life. The reason why he can stay alone on a desert island for 28 years is closely related to his attitude towards life. He compared the pros and cons, let himself face the reality rationally, and saw the spark of hope from despair, thus gaining inner comfort and courage and confidence to persist. This courage and experience of survival is also a good inspiration to people in modern society.

(2) Understanding of words

Raising animals.

Imprisonment: To keep in a pen. This article mentioned that Robinson kept the goat in a pen.

Education: restrain and guide people with ethics, so that people can be educated and influenced. This article refers to Robinson's attempt to change Friday from a barbarian to a civilized person by teaching Friday to speak English and learning the living habits of civilized people.

Be content with your life: be content with what you have got and what fate has arranged for you.

Comfort: Let's comfort ourselves.

Second, the teaching objectives

1. Read the outline of the work, browse the highlights of the work and get the general idea.

2. Pay attention to the fate of the characters and realize Robinson's fearless, tenacious and optimistic attitude towards life.

3. Stimulate students' desire to read the original.

Third, teaching suggestions

1. This article is a skimming of the text and is very long. In the teaching process, students should be guided to read by themselves in since the enlightenment. Let the students read the outline first, grasp the outline content as a whole, and briefly describe Robinson's experience in overcoming various difficulties in the outline. On this basis, guide students to browse the highlights, exchange the highlights of the highlights, and their own evaluation of Robinson or their feelings after reading.

Teaching this course should make students realize Robinson's positive attitude towards life in the face of bad luck, and realize the truth of learning to survive from his extraordinary experience on a desert island. To achieve this goal, the key is to master the main content of the text, be familiar with Robinson's experience of overcoming various difficulties, especially to let students read the wonderful fragments in the second half and understand his optimistic attitude towards life conveyed by his inner struggle.

3. After learning the text, teachers can choose appropriate methods to stimulate students' interest in the whole book according to the actual situation. If there are students who have read this book, please talk about the highlights; If students haven't read this book, they can be encouraged to guess specific stories according to the outline, or ask themselves questions, such as how he grows food to make food. What's the savage feast like? Teachers can also tell students about their experiences in reading the original.

4. Instruct students to take reading notes, extract sentences with deep feelings and organize reading exchange activities if possible. The arrangement of tips after class reflects the editor's meaning. Students can exchange the highlights, contents, extracted sentences, inspiration, writing methods and, of course, the image of Robinson.

5. "Robinson" is translated into "Robinson" or "Robinson" in some versions, and students may be confused. The teacher only needs to explain to the students that this is a different translation of a person's name.

6. In this lesson, students should be reminded to correctly read some polyphonic words, namely "livestock", "fence", "juàn", "situation", "place" and "chǔ."

Fourth, teaching cases.

The first part:

Read the outline to get the general idea

Teacher: Who can tell me the general content of this novel?

Health: This novel is about Robinson drifting to an island and living a hard life alone.

Teacher: Why did he drift to an island? How does he live? What is the final result? Can you tell me more completely?

Health: The novel tells the story of an Englishman named Robinson, who was caught in a strong wind on a voyage and capsized and drifted to a desert island. He overcame all kinds of difficulties and lived on the island for more than 20 years. Finally, he was saved back to England.

Teacher: Your summary is relatively complete and your sentences are very concise. What is the key part of the novel from the perspective of "plot outline"?

Health: It's about Robinson drifting to the island and encountering many difficulties. He tried his best to overcome those difficulties.

Teacher: What are the specific difficulties? How did he overcome it? Please read the "outline" silently and mark the difficulties he encountered and the ways to overcome them.

Health: First of all, there is no place to live. Robinson traveled all over the desert island and chose a place with water, shade and protection from wild animals on the hillside. He set up a simple tent with wood and sails, where he could see the sea. He hoped to see the passing ships in order to ask for help.

Health: There is also the difficulty of eating, because everything moved from the wrecked ship is quickly eaten up. If you want to survive, you must find a way. He takes a gun and his dog to hunt in the forest every day, or go fishing at the seaside and raise the goats he catches. Later, he had a flock of goats, who could often drink goat's milk and eat mutton. Among the things removed from the ship, there is some wheat. He scattered them in the fence and soon germinated, and later produced more than a dozen ears. He used this wheat seed to sow and harvest again and again, and in the fourth year, he finally ate his own food.

Health: Another point is "loneliness". Fortunately, he was accompanied by a dog and two cats.

Health: I think the biggest difficulty is "fear". One day, he found the footprints of the savage, afraid that the savage would eat him, so he planted wicker stakes in the open space in front of his residence and kept the sheep in captivity in several places. Later, he once again saw the traces of fire left by the savage and the human bones on the ground. He began to think about how to deal with these possible barbarians.

Teacher: What can he do to ease his loneliness?

Health: Later Robinson rescued a savage who was chased by his companions and named him "Friday". After education, the barbarian became his good helper.

Teacher: Now, let's try to expand the key part and talk about the main idea of the novel.

Health: Once upon a time, an Englishman named Robinson was shipwrecked and drifted to an island. In order to survive, he set up a tent with wood and sails; I went hunting in the forest with a gun, went fishing at the seaside, raised the goats I caught and planted some wheat. He tried to deal with barbarians and overcome his fears. 18 years later, he saved a hunted savage and educated him to be his helper. Once, they saw a ship parked nearby and the captain was kidnapped. They saved the captain, who took them back to England.

The second part:

Browse the highlights and experience the highlights.

Teacher: We have just read the outline of the novel. There are many fascinating places in the original work. Next, let's enjoy a wonderful clip. Please browse the "highlights" first and think about which part of the novel this clip is roughly in.

(Students browse the highlights. )

Teacher: Who can tell me which part of the novel do you think this clip is in? What's your reason?

Health: It should be at the beginning of the novel. Because the second paragraph of the clip is about time-"about eleven or twelve days after I landed", we can know that the approximate location of this clip is in the sixth paragraph of the Outline.

Teacher: That makes sense. Now read this clip in a low voice. What do you think is the most wonderful place?

Health: I think Robinson is optimistic in the face of difficulties and can overcome himself. That "comparison table of advantages and disadvantages" is wonderful.

Teacher: OK, let's read Robinson's list of "advantages" and "disadvantages". Male students are required to read "shortcomings" and female students read "advantages".

Teacher: Now read it yourself and think about what this form has brought to Robinson.

Health: I think this form gives Robinson courage. Although he found the situation very bad, he was lucky. He was not completely desperate.

Health: I think it can also calm Robinson down, stop complaining about everything in front of him, accept the reality and concentrate on moving forward.

Health: Yes! I think he also got the reason to live tenaciously through comparison.

Teacher: You mentioned a word "contentment is always happy". Looks like you get it. In this case, it is very important to be satisfied with your life and calm yourself down. What does Robinson himself think? Let's read his words.

Health (read together): In the most unfortunate circumstances, we can also find something to comfort ourselves by comparing advantages and disadvantages.

Teacher: Robinson's practice is useful to all of us. Life cannot be smooth sailing. When we encounter unfavorable environment, we should face the reality like him, look for hope in despair and enhance our confidence in overcoming difficulties. What other places do you think are wonderful?

Health: I think Robinson's language is wonderful. Let me read it: even in this case, there are some negative things or positive things to be thankful for.

Teacher: Yes, many famous books are liked by people, often because some of them give people good inspiration and bring people spiritual strength. Just like the sentence you just read, it can be said that it is a good medicine for desperate people in adversity! In the "accumulation" of this group, we can also appreciate the epigrams in many famous works.

The third part:

Stimulate the interest in reading the whole book

Teacher: We have read the outline and browsed the main points. Please read them in comparison. Guess what other parts in the synopsis will be wonderful? What else do you want to know?

Health: There is some wheat in what Robinson moved from the ship. He used these wheat seeds to sow and harvest again and again. In the fourth year, he finally had his own food. I wonder how he grows and collects food.

Health: Besides, after saving Friday, I began to educate him. How did he "civilize" a savage?

Health: I found that in the tip after editing, "Robinson's description of making fire-resistant cans is very detailed". I want to know how "detailed" it is.

Teacher: Students have so many questions. Let's find the original text to read. I think, you will be attracted by the wonderful plot of the novel, you will solve the doubts in your heart, and you will find the wonderful language worth cherishing. Let's take a look at the catalogue of this book and have a sneak peek!

Verb (abbreviation for verb) related links

Defoe (1660— 173 1) is an English writer. 1660 was born in a merchant family, 173 1 died of poverty on April 26th. In his early years, he was famous for writing political essays and satirical poems, opposing feudal autocracy and advocating the development of capitalist industry and commerce. In his later years, he began to publish sea adventure novels, tramp novels and historical novels. Robinson Crusoe, the representative work, embodies the spirit of "individual freedom" in the rising period of the bourgeoisie, giving full play to one's talents and taking risks. Other novels, such as Captain singleton, Moore Flanders, Captain Jack, Diary of the Year of the Pandemic, Rock Cha Na and Memories of a Knight, are also well received by readers.

Robinson Crusoe is the most famous, written in 17 19. The novel was inspired by a true story at that time. More than 200 years ago, selkirk, a scot, was a sailor on an English ship. He was abandoned on a desert island because of a conflict with the captain. He lived on the island for more than four years and was finally saved back to England. Selkirk had no heroic deeds on a desert island, but Robinson portrayed by Defoe was a brand-new person and became the first idealized emerging capitalist image. Robinson, the hero, was shipwrecked by a storm and drifted to an isolated island, where he lived alone for 28 years. He not only provides daily needs, but also manages a fertile land. Robinson was an entrepreneur of his time. The author takes this opportunity to praise the individual struggle spirit of the bourgeoisie in the rising period. The novel has vivid plot, vivid details, meticulous description and fluent language, which has profound philosophical and social significance. The author went on to write the second and third books. The second part is about revisiting Robinson's hometown, pretending to be an island owner, educating the islanders, and then taking risks all over the world, including China and Siberia. The third part is mostly moral preaching.

2. The famous words in Robinson Crusoe

* Everything in the world, only useful, is the most precious. Anything that accumulates more should be given to others; What we can enjoy is useful at best, and it is useless to have more.

It's no use just sitting on things you can't think of.

* I learned to look at the bright side of life more and the dark side less; Think more about what you like and less about what you lack. This attitude makes me feel heartfelt comfort.

* We always feel that what we lack and are not satisfied is because we are not grateful for what we have.

* How changeable people's feelings are in different environments! What we love today is often what we hate tomorrow; What we pursue today is often what we escape tomorrow; What we hope today is often what we fear tomorrow, and we may even be afraid.

What an absurd decision people made in fear! Whenever reason provides them with various ways to protect themselves, once fear prevails, they don't know how to use it!

Waiting for a catastrophe is more painful than the catastrophe itself, especially if you have to wait for it to happen. You can't get rid of this fear.

3. Can-making highlights

I have long wanted to make some pottery in some way. I need this kind of thing badly, but I just don't know how to do it. The climate here is hot. I'm sure that as long as I can find clay, I can make some pots or jars and dry them in the sun. The hot sunshine will definitely make the soil hard and durable, and it can be used to hold some dry things that need to be preserved. In order to process grains and make flour, there must be containers to store them. So, I decided to make the container as big as possible, so that it can be placed on the ground and can hold things inside.

If readers know how I made these pottery, they will feel sorry and ridiculous for me. I don't know how many clumsy methods have been used to reconcile the soil, and I don't know how many grotesque ugly guys I have made; How much clay is too soft to bear its own weight, either concave or convex, which is not suitable at all; How many are cracked because of too early exposure and too hot sun; How many of them are damaged after drying and moving? In short, I spent a lot of effort to find clay, and when I found it, I dug it up, mixed it, transported it home, and made it into a clay urn. As a result, I worked for almost two months before I made two large tanks, which looked so ugly that I could hardly call them tanks.

Finally, the sun finally dried up the two crocodiles. I gently lifted them and put them in two large wicker baskets specially made in advance to prevent them from breaking. The gap between the jar and the basket is filled with straw and straw. Now these two vats won't get wet. I think they can be used to hold grain and flour ground from grain in the future.

The jar was not successful, but those small utensils were passable, such as those small round pots, plates, kettles and small pottery pots. In short, everything I make casually is not bad, and because of the strong sunshine, these pots are particularly hard to bask in.

But I haven't achieved my ultimate goal yet. These containers can only be used to hold things, not liquids to burn on the fire. This is my real purpose. After a while, I accidentally made a big fire to cook. After cooking, I went to put out the fire. Suddenly I found a piece of pottery in the fire, as hard as a stone and as red as a brick. This discovery surprised me immensely. I said to myself, broken pottery can burn, so can the whole pottery.

So I began to study how to control the firepower and burn a few pots for myself.

Of course, I don't know how to build a kiln, just like those used by potters to burn pottery; I don't know how to apply a layer of lead-containing glaze, although I still have some lead. I piled three big pots and two or three pots one by one, and put firewood on all sides. There were a lot of charcoal fires under the pots and pots, and then I lit a fire around and above them until the pots inside were all red. I was very careful not to let the torches burn them. I saw the pottery burn red and kept it hot for five or six hours. Later, I saw that one of them didn't break, but it began to melt. This is because the sand mixed in the clay was melted by the fire. If it burns any longer, it will turn into glass. So I slowly reduced the firepower, and the red color of those cans gradually faded. I stayed by the fire all night in case the fire died down too quickly.

The next morning, I burned three good clay pots and two clay pots. Although they are not beautiful, they are hard. One of them was melted by sand, and the glaze was very good.

After the success of this experiment, it goes without saying that I don't need any pottery. But I must say, the shapes of these things are very unseemly. As you can imagine, because I can't make these things, I can only make them like a child who makes mud cakes, or like a woman who can't make pies with flour.