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Emergency search for Qin Shi Huang composition (600----800)

Today, in history class, by studying "Qin Shihuang's Measures to Establish Centralization", I learned more about Qin Shihuang, the first emperor of our country to unify China. In the past, I had seen the tall and mighty Qin Shihuang played by a modern person on TV. The first impression he gave me was that he was cold and cruel. Because I saw that he used more than 700,000 people to build Afang Palace and Lishan Tomb, which caused a large number of farmers to be separated from production and their fields were barren. I also saw him burning books and harassing Confucians. Except for books on medicine and tree planting, all "Poetry", "Books" and works of hundreds of schools of thought were burned. And the next year, many scholars accused him, and he buried more than 400 people alive for slander. This is the famous "burning books and entrapping Confucians" in history. This shows how cruel he is! However, after learning this lesson, I saw his merits - he was good at governing the country. After Qin Shihuang unified the six countries, he established centralized power. In order to make the country prosperous and strong, he took many measures. Abolition of enfeoffment and establishment of cluster counties is the first measure. He abolished the feudal system established by the Zhou Dynasty. In the center, there are established prime ministers, Taiwei, and Yushi officials. The prime minister assists the emperor in handling national affairs, the Taiwei is in charge of the military, and the imperial censor is responsible for supervising the officials. They do not subordinate each other, but are all responsible to the emperor. At the local level, he established the secondary administrative organization of groups and counties, with counties under the groups. The chief of a group is called Qun Shou, and the chief of a county is called County Magistrate. Cars on the same track, books on the same text, this is the second measure. Let’s imagine this: If Qin Shihuang was riding in a large and beautiful carriage during a parade, which almost filled up the road and even knocked down the stalls set up by others, wouldn’t his face be lost? . Besides, even if he didn't hit anyone, if he came to other previous countries, such as Yan or Qi, and the roads were narrower, wouldn't Qin Shihuang have to abandon his car and walk on his own? I think this is impossible. In the same text as the book, let us also imagine: if Qin Shi Huang sent a general (recruited from another country in the past) to the border to resist the Huns, and they were in a stalemate for a long time, and finally "ran out of ammunition and food." So the general wrote a letter (of course in his own words) and asked one of his subordinates to give the letter to Qin Shihuang, hoping that he could transport some food for reinforcements. After Qin Shihuang received the letter, he was dumbfounded because he could not understand the general's letter. Qin Shihuang immediately summoned all ministers to study it. However, by the time they figure it out, the battle will be over. From this we can see the importance of unified writing. Unification of weights and measures is the third measure. This is crucial to the development of Qin's economy. I personally think there is a simple reason why we need to unify weights and measures: to avoid the phenomenon of being short of weight. In addition, Qin Shihuang also built the Great Wall. Although thousands of people died during the construction process, if it were not repaired, if the Huns invaded, so many people would still be sacrificed, and even more! All in all, I think Qin Shihuang’s merits outweigh his faults.

The faults outweigh the merits

Qin Shihuang Yingzheng destroyed the six kingdoms, how majestic it was! Li Bai also once wrote in a poem: The king of Qin swept Liuhe, how majestic the tiger looked!

Qin Shihuang was the first unified emperor in my country. He unified currency weights and measures, consolidated the unification of Qin, promoted economic and cultural exchanges between various places, and had a profound impact on later generations.

But it is undeniable that Qin Shihuang was indeed a tyrant!

In order to strengthen ideological control, the Qin Dynasty burned books and humiliated Confucians, causing great losses to our ancient culture; in order to build the Epang Palace and the Lishan Mausoleum, the Qin Dynasty used 700,000 prisoners and slaves every year; the criminal law was cruel, The death penalty alone includes more than 10 types of executions, such as being cut in half and being torn apart. There are also many types of corporal punishment, such as beheading the feet and cutting off the nose. The methods of "clan execution" and "sitting together" are also implemented... Coupled with the even more cruelty of Qin II, he finally came to the forefront. In 209, the Dazexiang Uprising broke out.

On the merits and demerits of Qin Shihuang

Qin Shihuang was the first feudal emperor in my country. He established the first unified feudal dynasty in Chinese history

. He had both merits and demerits in his life. During his reign, Qin Shihuang made immortal achievements in unifying China

but also made many mistakes. Someone said: “His merits outweigh his faults and he deserves the respect of thousands of people.

"Some people say that his faults outweigh his merits. During his reign, he was very cruel and said that he was the tyrant of Qin. Let us talk about their merits and faults!

Qin Shihuang ascended the throne at the age of only thirteen, and prematurely shouldered the mission of Qin to unify the world with his immature shoulders. The responsibility made him more mature, stronger, and more silent in his dealings. Determination is the basis for achieving everything, so his decisiveness made him achieve a lot of credit. His main achievement was to unify China politically, establish the first centralized feudal state in Chinese history, and to unify and consolidate. His contribution to the unification of the six countries was in terms of military and transportation.

His contributions were divided into several parts. Specifically, he unified the six countries politically. First, he firmly held the power in his own hands, and then made a decisive decision to promote unification. It can be seen from this that Qin Shihuang was very resourceful and strategic, so this was one of his achievements.

On the basis of unifying China, he established a complete set of feudal centralized government models. First, he created the emperor system and called himself the First Emperor. Secondly, he created the county system and abolished the original one. The feudal state divided the country into thirty-six counties, and later four more counties were established. The counties were governed by county governors, and the counties had county magistrates. The county magistrates and county magistrates were appointed by the central government and could be mobilized at any time. Jiuqing abolished hereditary privileges. Central and local-level officials were mobile, and all powers of appointment, removal, and promotion were in the hands of the emperor. This political system established by Yingzheng had a profound impact on China's feudal society for more than 2,000 years. Although the political models of the feudal dynasties have undergone minor changes during the period, they have basically not deviated from the pattern of winning government design. This shows that Qin Shihuang's contribution is very great, and it still has a lot of influence until now. This is his contribution. 2.

The third contribution is that in order to consolidate the newly established unified dynasty, he ordered Qin Xiaozhuan to be the unified script, Qin's round currency "Qin Banliang" to be the unified currency, and Qin's round currency "Qin Banliang" to be the unified currency. The weights and measures were unified across the country, thus facilitating economic and cultural exchanges across the country. He also built the Great Wall and Afang Palace, leaving China with the world cultural heritage "Great Wall" and "Terracotta Warriors". These all show that Qin Shihuang's achievements are huge.

But a person will have his faults, let alone the king of a country! As an authoritarian ruler, in order to strengthen centralization, he especially The brutal measures taken to strengthen ideological and cultural control played a destructive role in the development of Chinese culture and thought, and set a precedent for cultural autocracy. He burned books and harassed Confucian scholars, punished brutally, abused people's power, and carried out large-scale construction projects. It was Qin Shihuang's great mistake.

In general, Qin Shihuang lived for fifty years, but these fifty years made Qin Shihuang the first unified feudal despotism in China. A multi-ethnic country, he laid the foundation for the integration and development of the Chinese nation. He unified writing, currency, weights and measures, and established the system of counties and counties, which had a profound impact on future generations and made an indelible contribution to the establishment of this ancient civilization in the ancient East. contribute.

So, it is enough to show that Qin Shihuang’s life was more meritorious than faulty.