What materials do contract workers have without fiction?

The second unit of the elective compulsory middle school book focuses on the creation of "red" in literature. Reportage is not only a true report with strong news, but also a vivid literature with full visualization. It is a general term for literary exchanges, sketches, close-ups and interviews. Belongs to the prose genre. Taking real people and things in life as the object of expression and using literary description techniques, people and things are typical, but the basic facts are not allowed to be fictional. It originated in modern Europe and was introduced to China after the May 4th Movement.

From the perspective of literary history, the name "reportage" was officially translated and established before the birth of the "Left Alliance", but the vigorous advocacy of reportage by the "Left Alliance" promoted the development of this style into a conscious state.

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The continuation/abbreviation of Shaoxing

Xia Yan's masterpiece "Bonded Labor" is the earliest representative work of reportage in China.

This reportage reports typical events in social life with literary language and techniques, and truly reproduces the tragic situation of contract workers when they get up in the morning to work. Between the lines is full of sympathy. When reading, we should pay more attention to how its news and literariness are organically unified. There are many details in the article, so we should pay attention to analysis and experience when reading. In addition, combined with some background materials explained in the article, I think about the phenomenon of "bonded labor" under the social and historical background at that time, understand the root of the suffering of the bottom people, and experience the author's "soul shock".

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To this end, the learning objectives of this lesson are as follows:

1. Understand the authenticity of the miserable life of bonded labourers as a social group.

2. Grasp the double-line structure of this article and the writing method of "from point to area".

3. Experience the sense of mission of literary and art workers and the power of literary and artistic works.

Learning task 1: analyze the structure and material selection of the article.

1. Clarifying the clues and analyzing the structure are the first things we should do when learning an article. If you compare a structure to a bone, the material is its flesh and blood. Only by recognizing the petrography and being familiar with the characteristics of material selection can we grasp this article as a whole.

This reportage focuses on the activities of contract workers for one day, interspersed with explanations and comments on the origin, development and trend of contract workers system, and the two organically combine to express the theme.

(1) The article describes the daily activities of contract workers in chronological order from morning till night. Please fill in the blanks in the map below according to the text.

4: 15: Get up, the accommodation is poor —— ()————————— After work: What a sad fate.

(2) The author reveals the evil of debt bondage system from the perspective of history to reality. Please fill in the blank part of the following guide map according to the text.

()-the development of the bonded labor system-()-the end of the bonded labor system

Here you can also design a "daily schedule of contract workers" to summarize the miserable life of contract workers.

2. The materials used in this paper can be divided into two categories, one is news facts and the other is background materials.

(1) Please mark the materials "no fiction" and "truth" in the article.

(2) How are these two aspects organically integrated in the text?

Clear: After describing some news facts, the article often introduces some background materials to reveal the origin and development of debt bondage system. There are some turning words in the middle to make the connection natural and smooth. For example, after introducing the scene of contract workers eating porridge and connecting with "cheap machines" after 4: 30, the reasons why Japanese manufacturers are particularly willing to hire contract workers are introduced, and the exploitation and oppression of contract workers are introduced in detail.

(3) If you are Xia Yan, please explain why you want to insert these materials in the text. (Two-wire structure)

Clarity: concrete and vivid descriptions are intertwined with incisive explanations, which complement each other and advance layer by layer. It not only shows the miserable living conditions of bonded labourers vertically, but also explains the occurrence, development and consequences of bonded labourers system horizontally. The main line is prominent and interspersed effectively, which enhances the persuasiveness of the article.

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2. Learning task 2: Read the article and experience the writing method of combining point with surface.

The so-called "face" is a general and general material; The so-called "points" are some typical figures, typical examples and typical details. Combined with text analysis.

1. What did the author write about "Chai Lu explosion"? Why do you mention her many times?

Clear: "Chai Lubang" is a typical figure among many contract workers. She is the epitome of hundreds of contract workers, and the boss will "work to the death", which is also the inevitable fate of every contract worker. Through the description of the tragic experience of "Chai Lubang", the author concretely and profoundly reflects the tragic fate of contract workers being crushed and destroyed.

2. The text pays attention to typicality in material selection, which places are mainly reflected?

Clarity: typical characters, typical details, typical scenes, typical data.

Learning task 3: Understand and appreciate language expression, and understand the author's thoughts and feelings.

1. Many sentences in the text are full of characteristics, or implicitly or vividly express the author's views and contain the author's thoughts and feelings. Find them and experience them.

(1) Several "kind-hearted" bosses went to the small food market to pick some lettuce leaves and dip them in salt, which is a rare delicacy for them.

(2) The red brick monster has been waiting for its nourishment with its mouth open.

(3) Working, working, too weak to walk, unable to work, hands and feet as thin as a reed stick, body bent like a bow, face as miserable as a dead man!

This is a shocking reportage, because it reveals the author's strong feelings. What kind of feelings do you think are expressed in the text?

Clear: (1) Deeply sympathize with bonded labourers and their families.

(2) Hatred against imperialist capitalists, bosses with workers and their lackeys.

(3) There is also a deep sadness in the text. This kind of sadness is very complicated, including the sadness of unfortunate contract workers and their families, as well as the indifference between contract workers and outsiders and contract workers.

Learning Task 3: Writing Task: Write a note on the unity of journalism and literariness of the works embodied in this paper.

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This article is very long. Reportage is a new genre for students, who can easily regard it as a novel and need background introduction. However, it is difficult for students to empathize with the experiences of these female workers. Therefore, I think reading language and analyzing characters are the key to interpret the text. It needs improvement.