Prosperity of Peach and Plum and Plum —— Appreciation of Begonia Poems in Tang Dynasty (Ⅱ)

The poem "Begonia" by Su Shi, a great poet in the Song Dynasty, "I am afraid that flowers will sleep at night, and silver candles will burn with red makeup", which makes the begonia flower have the name of "burning candles". And one of Haitang's Treasures comes from the Tang Dynasty poet He's Haitang:

When it rains, rouge disappears little by little, and the half-open season is the most enchanting. ?

Who has a golden house to hide jiao, lock the east wind to save jiao?

In the first two sentences, "rouge disappears little by little when it rains, and the half-opened season is the most enchanting", the poet directly presents the gorgeous and charming half-opened begonia to the readers. Like a slim and shy girl, she looks even more lovely in the spring breeze and drizzle. Begonia buds are scarlet, which is called "crimson calyx" in the poem. After a little opening, it is pink, richer than a bud. Begonia without rouge is especially fresh and bright. From a distance, it looks like a blushing girl.

In the face of such a delicate begonia, the poet lingered, but he couldn't appreciate his poems, so he had a whim: "Who has the golden house more, and the east wind keeps Gillian." Here the poet quoted an allusion from the story of Hanwu. When Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was a prince, princess royal wanted to match the emperor with a woman and asked Gillian. The emperor said: well, if Gillian is a wife, let's hide Gillian in the golden house. The poet used this code word to express his love for Haitang. Although the half-opened begonia is beautiful, "most beautiful things will not last long." Beauty has lost weight, and the good times are gone. Who can lock the east wind with the golden house and make the begonia flower last forever? This sudden question not only reflects the poet's love for beautiful things, but also implies the poet's deep concern for beautiful disillusionment. Thereby deepening the theme more effectively.

The begonia flower, which is famous for its beauty, has attracted countless poets to chant. Zheng Gu, a late Tang poet who is famous for singing partridges, was also fascinated by this and wrote this novel poem "Haitang":

Spring breeze is intended to be even in color and can be sold with poems and songs. ?

This is the best time for a beautiful new rain, and everything is beautiful when it is about to open. ?

Mochow was lazy at the window, and Liang Guangdan was late in writing. ?

? I'm drunk and can't get enough of it. I admire his butterfly branches.

The first pair of couplets, "Spring breeze is intended to be even in color and can be sold with poetry", is the general leader of the whole poem. "Even" means even. Under the warm spring breeze, the colors of begonia are particularly bright and dazzling, and poets are fascinated by it, so they can't help but bring wine to enjoy and write poems. The word "Yong" seems to be casual, but in fact it is very skillful. It makes the spring breeze come alive. It seems that Chunfeng likes Haitang better and tries to dress her up. ?

? Zhuan Xu concentrated on the characteristics of begonia flowers. "This is the best time in the rain, and it is beautiful when it is about to open." Begonia, which has just been washed by rain, is the most radiant and moving, and its color is the most vivid red when it is about to open. Begonia is dark red when it doesn't bloom, pale red when it blooms, and the most beautiful and moving when it is in bud. The contrast between "New Rain" and "When it is about to bloom" not only highlights the characteristics of begonia flowers, but also adds poetry to the whole poem. ?

The neckline tightly supports the couplet, which also sets off the Haitang from the side. "Don't worry about being lazy by the window, Liang Guangdan wrote late." Facing the beautiful and dazzling Haitang, the beautiful and affectionate Mo Chounv resolutely didn't even bother to comb her makeup, because she was busy watching Haitang. Liang Guang, a painter who is famous for painting Haitang, is also obsessed with Haitang in Yu Yanli and refuses to write easily. The words "lazy" and "late" vividly show the infatuation attitude of beauty Mochow and painter Liang Guang to Haitang, which effectively sets off the beauty and charm of Haitang. ?

William turned to write about the poet's own fascination with Haitang. "I can't see enough when I'm drunk, so I envy his butterfly branches." The poet was deeply intoxicated by the beauty of Haitang, drinking wine early, reciting poems late and lingering. Even so, the poet still feels inadequate, and he even envies butterflies who spend the night among flowers. It is conceivable that if the poet can turn into a butterfly, he will be inseparable from the begonia flower day and night. These two sentences vividly express the poet's admiration for Haitang. ?

This poem mainly describes the beauty of Haitang and the poet's infinite attachment to Haitang. The whole poem adopts a layer-by-layer and in-depth writing method. In the poem, the reality and the reality coexist, the reality and the reality set each other off, and it is ethereal and implicit. The whole poem not only vividly describes the beauty of Haitang, but also successfully shows the poet's mentality of pursuing beauty.

The whole Tang poetry contains more than 800 poems. Miracle, a monk in the late Tang Dynasty, ranks fifth after Bai Juyi, Du Fu, Li Bai and Yuan Zhen. He is famous for his poem "Early Plum" and his poem "Begonia Flower" is also very distinctive.

Peaches and plums flourish, plums flourish, and flowers bloom around ten days after cold food. ?

Half-moon mysterious and stay in a bright state, wind and rain will avoid damage and destruction. ?

People cherish different poems and pay more attention to them. Butterflies love fragrance for many nights. ?

It's still late spring, and peony has made a pool.

The first couplet "peaches and plums are full of branches, and cold food will bloom ten days ago." At the beginning of the poem, Begonia flower is compared with peach, plum and plum blossom, which highlights the prosperity and luxuriance of Begonia flower and shows that its flowering time is from social day to cold food festival. Zhuan Xu wrote, "The half moon is bright and beautiful, and the wind and rain will avoid injury and destruction." The weather is warm and the leaves of begonia are delicate and charming. At this time, the wind and rain are calm, so as not to destroy the delicate flowers. It shows that nature takes special care of begonia flower and provides it with a superior growth environment.

Necklace couplet "People pity poems, butterflies love incense more often at night." Poets love begonia because it has a unique personality. Thanks to the praise of poems and songs, butterflies crave its rich aroma and fly back to the flowers at night. Showed the extreme love for begonia flowers. The couplet "Spring is still red, and peonies come to the pond one after another" writes that in late spring, uncultured begonia flowers are still blooming, and peony flowers are blooming one after another in the pond. Comparing Begonia flower with Kao Peony, it highlights the beauty and elegance of Begonia flower.

Chen Si, a poet in the Song Dynasty, said in the preface to Begonia: "Plum blossoms are before spring and peony halls are after spring, so poets pay attention to them. A unique begonia, rich and colorful, not under the second flower. " This poem just tells the unique charm of begonia blooming in mid-spring.

Gu Kuang, the son of Gu Kuang, a famous poet in the late Tang Dynasty, wrote a poem "Beating Haitang in Xiegu Post Office", which showed his obsession with Haitang.

It's embarrassing to suddenly know the begonia flower. ?

Brilliant smile, sweet and close to praise. ?

Riding in the mountains, forgetting the danger, holding a cup and letting the sun set. ?

There are many places in Hechuan, so you should visit Yu's home. ?

Gu is not so smart. He can recite it at a glance. However, he was trapped for 30 years, and Mu Zong was promoted to Jinshi in Changqing. I did Xu Yiwei. Gu "dislikes welcoming guests and hates flogging", so he abandoned his official position and lived in seclusion in Maoshan. ?

Judging from the overall style of this poem, it is likely that it was written by the poet when he lived in seclusion. The word "drama" in the title of Gu Jie's Haitang Flower Drama can be separated from the leisure of the poet's mood. It is precisely because of leisure that we should seriously "play" and enjoy ourselves. ?

The first couplet, "I suddenly know about the begonia flower, which makes people sigh", means that in Gu Jie's postal kiosk, the poet suddenly saw the begonia flower. First of all, his heart moved and he couldn't help admiring. Then look carefully. Zhuan Xu's poem "Brilliant and countless, but * * * smiles, and the fragrance can be nearly praised". The poet felt very pleasing to the eye when he saw the colorful flowers of Haitang. He thinks that anyone who sees such gorgeous and rich flowers will like it. "Colorful" describes colorful flowers. The characteristic of begonia flower is "bright but not fragrant", which the poet realized when he was watching it, but the poet did not directly write this "shortcoming" of begonia flower, but still wrote "the fragrance is close to the test and can be praised" in a praising style. This means that if begonia flowers can smell attractive, it will probably be more admirable. It can be seen that the poet's preference for begonia flowers.

Necklace couplets "Riding on a mountain and forgetting the danger, holding a cup and letting the sun set", the poet dismounted to see the flowers and completely forgot the preciseness of the mountain road, leaving sunset wine before the flowers. The poet's infatuation with begonia flowers has reached the point of ecstasy and ecstasy. It seems that the begonia flowers beside Gu Jie's postal kiosk are not enough for poets to appreciate. So the poet guessed at the end of the couplet, where are the most begonia flowers? "There are many places in Hechuan, so we should walk around the feather house", and we should probably look around the Taoist residence. "Feather man" refers to the mythical flying fairy. In the old society, people were praised as feathered people. Maybe the poet will visit more begonia flowers in the future! In fact, there are not many begonia flowers where Taoist priests live. I'm afraid the poet's sudden thought of a reclusive Taoist is related to his own life. ?

? This poem is still like peeling bamboo shoots in writing, step by step. Facing the begonia flowers beside Gu Jie's postal kiosk, we first "sighed", then "watched", from "watched" to "infatuated", and finally decided to "find again". Begonia flowers are visible in the poem, and the poet's mood can be felt. Unconsciously, we were taken to Gu Jie's postal kiosk to enjoy the begonia flowers with the poets.

Begonia Flower by Liu Jian, a poet of the Five Dynasties, describes a secluded begonia, which is a metaphor for people with deep and delicate feelings.

The faint reddish color is not deep, and it is like a longing for love. ?

Smoke is lighter than Guo's songs, and Ruby's tears are heavier. ?

The embroidered curtain on the lower side is easy to fold, but the hidden butterfly is hard to find. ?

More affection at night, fragrance under the moon accompanied by drunkenness. ?

The first couplet, "Pale red is not deep, missing like Chun Qing", begins with a description of the pale red and charm of begonia flowers. This is a blooming begonia (because it is dark red when it doesn't open and light red when it opens). This color gives Haitang a unique charm. Its gentle flower posture is a unique vitality in spring, like a girl full of longing for spring. These two sentences describe Haitang as a girl with light makeup. Among the colorful flowers, she is unique. No wonder spring favors her. ?

"Zhuan Xu" gives a detailed description of the flower posture and manner of Begonia, and uses allusions to express people and images with flowers. "Smoking is lighter than wearing", comparing Begonia flower to Lady Guo, Yang Guifei's sister, who is very beautiful and doesn't wear makeup, for fear of covering up her natural beauty. Begonia flowers frown like Mrs. Guo without makeup. "Dew gathering tears" compares Haitang to Empress Chen of the Han Dynasty. After falling out of favor, she didn't live in Nagato Palace, and she was very sad. The use of these two allusions vividly shows the graceful flower posture of Haitang, endows people with feelings for Haitang, and writes the lonely and sad expression of Haitang. In this way, the begonia flower described by the poet has become a concrete and vivid image, with flesh and blood and feelings. ?

Begonia flower lives alone, desolate and sad, but it is a noble flower. The poet sympathizes with its situation and loves its character even more. Neck couplets describe the living environment and lonely and holy temperament of begonia flowers. "The embroidered curtain at the bottom is easy to fold, but the hidden butterfly is hard to find." This begonia can't open a hundred flowers garden, but it grows beside the embroidered curtain that people can fold with their hands, lonely and helpless. It is this environment that makes it feel sad and lonely. However, begonia flowers are warm and noble. Although people can destroy it, it is not attached to beauty. It wants to keep it holy. So it always hides its stamens in secret, and it is difficult to find colorful butterflies. ?

In the eyes of poets, begonia flowers are not only as beautiful as girls, but also as affectionate as girls. At the end of the poem, I wrote the feelings of Begonia: "There are more feelings at night, and the fragrance under the moon is accompanied by drunkenness." Begonia flowers hide their own stamens, not heartless. On a beautiful night, it has an affectionate expression, in order to spit incense in the bright moonlight and sing in a low voice with people who are slightly drunk. At this point, flowers and people's feelings are integrated, profoundly and skillfully expressing their love and cherish for flowers.