Is Xiang Yu's failure due to Yu Ji?

Legend has it that he is a "double pupil", that is, one eye has two pupils. Shun is a heavy pupil and a heavy pupil, which is a good sign.

Two years ago, Wang Liqun talked about nine episodes of Xiang Yu in "Lecture Room". Now, his new book "Wang Liqun Reading Xiang Yu" has been published, and everything goes on.

Why did Xiang Yu fail?

"I have been very concerned about a problem since I gave lectures at the university. As the greatest uprising hero who made great contributions to overthrowing the Qin Dynasty, Xiang Yu became the general leader of various governors, but committed suicide in just four years, and the time from the peak of his career to the trough was very short. What can we learn from it today? I think this is the most important thing. "

Speaking of Xiang Yu, it is boring to tell the story of his life. His ups and downs are really worrying. "So in the lecture room, I only talked about one question. Why did Xiang Yu fail? "

In addition to nine TV episodes, this book also has a long appendix, which supplements the reasons for Xiang Yu's failure.

"Who else needs to be responsible for the failure of Xiang Yu? There are Fan Zeng, Long Qie and Han Xin. When people talk about Xiang Yu's failure, they will say, for example, a man's courage, such as cruelty. Are they the main reason for Xiang Yu's failure? In the book, I also talked about my own views. Therefore, this book is actually a question that I have been thinking about for many years in the process of reading Historical Records, especially in the process of reading Biography of Xiang Yu. "

Feeling Xiang Yu's Psychological Activities in Historical Records

Ask Wang Liqun, what impressed you most about Xiang Yu? He said it was Xiang Yu's personal charm, heroic spirit and tenderness.

His idealistic temperament also led to his failure to a great extent. "Too idealistic life doesn't work in reality. Liu Bang is a very realistic person. He adapted to this era and finally achieved a dynasty. Xiang Yu, on the other hand, felt inferior and idealistic. Xiang Yu has some momentum and highlights that are of great concern to future generations, but Xiang Yu Can did not better adapt to the social transformation at that time in real life, and the final failure was inevitable. "

When talking about the experience of reading Historical Records, Wang Liqun said that many people think that Sima Qian's writing about Xiang Yu is only describing some events, but you can still see Xiang Yu's inner activities through words. "For example, xiang yu repeatedly mentioned great anger. For example, his smile when he committed suicide in Wujiang River. This smile also reflects that he has abandoned life and death. He considered that if I cross the Wujiang River eastward and drag out an ignoble existence, it might bring some disasters to my elders in Jiangdong. Although there is no concept of novel or characterization at this time, Sima Qian's explanation of Xiang Yu's inner world is still in place. Therefore, I have made some explorations in interpreting Xiang Yu, such as the interpretation of the Hongmen Banquet. "

wang liqun

Born in March, 1945, from Xintai, Shandong. 1982 graduated from China, majoring in ancient literature, and has been teaching there ever since. He is currently a professor at the College of Literature, Henan University, and a doctoral supervisor of classical philology in China.

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A double suicide beauty is not a national subjugation.

In historical records and the impression of ordinary people, Xiang Yu is a cruel man; However, people often ignore the other side of Xiang Yu-he is also a very affectionate person. Xiang Yu's affection is nothing more than a concubine.

Xiang Yu is an all-round fighter, and he attaches great importance to feelings. The story of Farewell My Concubine has been passed down through the ages.

Who is Xiang Yu's wife? History is unknown. Chen Shijia, the Prime Minister of Historical Records, recorded that he had explained to Liu Bang the reason for abandoning Xiang Yu and returning to Liu Bang: "You can't trust people. His love is not just his wife's brother. Although there are strange people, he can't use them. " According to the analysis of the word "brother Kun, wife", Xiang Yu must have a wife. Therefore, concubine Yu Can can only be Xiang Yu's concubine. But the only woman who often accompanies Xiang Yu is this concubine, known as Yu Meiren in history. When Xiang Yu was besieged, Yu Ji was still by Xiang Yu's side, and Sang Yu's famous song Gaixia:

It is difficult to pull out the mountain, but you will not die when it is unfavorable. What can I do if I don't die? What can I do if I'm afraid?

According to "Songs of the South" and "Han Chunqiu", I also sang a song:

Liu bang's army has crossed the border, and songs can be heard everywhere from the Han military camp. Your majesty is exhausted, why can't I have children?

Han soldiers captured Chu, and the sound of Chu songs spread everywhere. Your majesty's spirit is exhausted. Why am I still alive?

Today's literary researchers all think that Yu Ji's harmony song is a fake, because it is impossible for such a mature five-character poem song to appear during the Chu-Han War. But regardless of the authenticity of this song, Xiang Yu always took a beautiful concubine in the March, and Xiang Yu also took a concubine when he was besieged, which can be proved.

This is the famous Farewell My Concubine. Zhuan is a BMW that follows Xiang Yu; Jade, Xiang Yu's favorite beauty, has been following Xiang Yu. After Xiang Yu's breakthrough, Yu may commit suicide. Today, there is a Yuji's Tomb beside the Susi Highway, fifteen miles east of Lingbi County, Anhui Province. The tombstone banner is engraved with the word "woman", and the couplets on both sides are:

No way, beauty has been unlucky since ancient times;

Ji-yeon has now turned into a green grave in the yellow dusk.

This is the overlord, this is the concubine, this is a sad story, leaving a story of heroes and beauties in history.

Heroes have loved mountains and rivers since ancient times, and heroes have loved beauty since ancient times. Does Xiang Yu love Jiangshan or beauty? I think: Xiang Yu loves mountains and rivers as well as beauty. Love Jiangshan, he only fought in the north, intoxicated by the throne of Chu overlord; Aimei, he didn't leave concubine.

Is this corn poppy the chief culprit of Xiang Yu's failure?

In the history of China, there has always been a theory of "girl country". As the chief culprit of national subjugation, there are Xia's elder sister and Shang's da ji. In fact, and da ji are just scapegoats for the subjugation of the Shang and Zhou Dynasties. There are always many reasons for the collapse of a dynasty, and no matter what, a woman should not be allowed to bear more responsibilities.

Yu Ji was not the main reason for Xiang Yu's downfall. It is a fact that the overlord of Xi place loves concubine very much; On the other hand, Yu Meiren also loves the overlord of Chu. Xiang Yu did not commit suicide, but Yu Ji committed suicide.

When people talk about the "femme fatale" in the history of China, no one ever mentions concubine, which is the best evaluation of the relationship between concubine and Xiang Yu.

Farewell my concubine is not farewell my concubine.

Some people say: it's not farewell my concubine, it's farewell my concubine.

This statement is poor! If there is no farewell to my concubine, why don't you say goodbye to her?

The ending of Yu Ji is not recorded in the history books, but what is certain is that Liu Bang did not get Yu Ji. If Liu Bang had a concubine, wouldn't Lv Hou turn against him? Since Xiang Yu committed suicide after the defeat, and Yu Ji did not have the following, the most likely thing is that Yu Ji committed suicide. If this speculation can be established, then why did Yu Ji commit suicide? From her own point of view, the first thing is to let the overlord of Chu let go of his hands and feet to fight, so that he doesn't have to worry about her and can't fight well. Judging from Yu Ji's feelings for Xiang Yu, she is unwilling to drag Xiang Yu down. Second, avoid falling into the enemy. Liu Bang is famous for his lust for money, and concubine certainly doesn't want to fall into his hands.

In the history of China, many imperial beauties married others after the emperor's national subjugation. Few beautiful women committed suicide for the emperor. However, Yu Meiren probably committed suicide for Xiang Yu. Therefore, although Xiang Yu failed on the battlefield, he did not fail in love, at least his relationship with Yu Ji did not fail.

On the other hand, Yu Ji can't say that he has no influence on Xiang Yu's failure.

Farewell my concubine is "besieged on all sides" It turned out that "besieged on all sides" was Liu Bang's plan to disintegrate Xiang Yu's morale. At that time, Liu Bang had not completely occupied Chu. In order to disintegrate Xiang Yu's morale, Liu Bang made a "besieged on all sides" and asked Chu soldiers to sing Chu songs in chorus to show that Liu Bang had completely occupied Chu. This greatly accelerated the disintegration of Xiang Yu Corps.

At this critical moment, Xiang Yu should at least hold a command meeting to discuss military affairs. I don't know whether this meeting didn't open or Sima Qian didn't write it. Anyway, there is no record of this. Not only historical records, but also Han books. If Xiang Yu doesn't even have a command meeting at the moment, but he still wants to make out with Yu Ji, then he is more or less tired of love. However, on the other hand, Xiang Yu is still thinking about Yu Ji at this moment, and Yu Ji's double suicide for him is not worth it.

In all kinds of historical records, Xiang Yu never neglected the military because of concubine; Yu Ji has never fought for power and profit because of her love. It is for this reason that the love story of Farewell My Concubine has been passed down through the ages.

Farewell My Concubine or Farewell My Concubine has long been debated by people. But in any case, the invincible love between Xiang Yu and Yu Meiren has been passed down through the ages.