Poems, legends and introductions about the Jade Emperor.

Whispering flute on a spring night in Los Angeles: "Who is the flute that travels at night and the spring breeze fills Los Angeles?" In this serenade, I heard the willows, and no one can stand the nostalgia. "

In the 23rd year of Kaiyuan (735), Li Baike made Luoyang its capital. The poem "Smelling the flute in Los Angeles on a Spring Night" was written by the guests immediately.

This poem is about homesickness, and the title is "Smelling the flute in Los Angeles on a Spring Night". Obviously, this poem was aroused by the flute. In the title, "Los Angeles" indicates the place of residence, and "Spring Night" indicates the season and specific time. Start by playing the flute, and then write. It is already late at night, and it is difficult for the poet to fall asleep. Suddenly, there were several intermittent flutes. The sound of the flute immediately touched the poet's wandering feelings. The poet didn't smell the flute, but said it was "flying secretly" and changed the object to the subject. The word "dark" is the key. Note that economists often ignore this word. The late Mr. Shen Zufen said: "...' Whose is it' and' the sound of dark flying', write down the mental state when you smell it, first hear the sound of flying, and trace where it came from, but I don't know who blew it and where it came from, so it is said to fly out secretly." (A brief interpretation of seven Tang poems) is an understanding. Because I don't know where the flute comes from or who the piper is, it is very correct to write the word "dark". The word "darkness" here has multiple meanings. It is mainly said that the flute was sent secretly, as if it was specially flown to people who were away from home, so as to move them and to leave their sorrow and hate. The whole sentence shows a difficult mood, the so-called subjective writing is objective. In addition, "dark" has intermittent and vague meanings, which is consistent with the situation of poetry. "Whose family" means we don't know whose family. "Who" and "Dark" take care of each other. The second sentence deliberately exaggerates the flute sound, saying that it "scatters into the spring breeze" and "fills Los Angeles", as if it were everywhere, everywhere. This is naturally an extreme exaggeration of your subjective feelings. The word "three" is used well "San" is unified, all over the body. The flute "scatters into the spring breeze", which spreads everywhere, neither east nor west, nor south nor north. That is, it is the preset point of the word "person" in Romance; The word "full" comes from the word "scattered", and the two are closely related.

Why do poets who smell flutes touch homesickness? In the third issue, I wrote the song "Folding Willow". The ancients folded their willows when they bid farewell, hoping that their loved ones would return to fold their willows. It is said that "Liu" and "Li" are homophonic, so it is a farewell gesture to fold the willow. Chang 'an Baqiao Bridge is a famous farewell place, or the willow trees in Yun Qi were completely broken for farewell. The song "Broken Willow" is a sad farewell, and its voice is sad and bitter. At the end of Taikang in Jin Dynasty, the song of "breaking willow" was popular in Luo Jing, and there was a word of "bitter struggle". The Song of Folding Willow in the Northern Dynasty said: "When you get on the horse, you don't catch the whip, but you are against Yang Liuzhi; Sitting on the flute, worried about killing the traveler. " Probably all the lyrics are written according to the meaning of the song. Therefore, when the poet heard this song, he was homesick. Generally speaking, people who have lived abroad for a long time have nothing to do during the day, but it is easy to miss their hometown at dusk. People are often sentimental in spring and autumn. Folding willow is the crowning touch of the whole poem, that is, the meaning of "smelling flute" In a few words, the poet's own feelings come from others. Emphasizing "this night" is to talk to all people living in Luoyang city and put on airs to sum up the sentence "Who can't stand homesickness". This is the deduction of subjective feelings, not to say "I", but to see the deep affection and homesickness of "I".

Li Bai, the flute in Los Angeles on a spring night.

Yu Di's dark flying sound scattered into the spring breeze in Los Angeles.

In this nocturne, the willow is broken, and no one can afford to be homesick.

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The first kind: whose home is the melodious flute coming from?

As the spring breeze flutters, it spreads all over Luoyang.

Just tonight, I heard the sad "Broken Willow".

How can you not remind me of my homesickness?

The second kind: At night when the lights are dim, the loud sound of jade flute comes from someone's home and floats all over Luoyang City with the spring breeze. Hearing the tune of "Folding Willow" on this night, no one will sprout the deep feeling of missing his hometown!

To annotate ...

1. Los Angeles: Luoyang (now Luoyang, Henan).

2. Folding willow: that is, the flute sound of "Folding willow" and Yuefu's "Blowing across the Drum Horn" are the topics, and the content is mostly parting feelings. Hu Zai's Later Collection Tiaoxi Fishing and Conceiving Conghua Volume 4: Yuefu Miscellanies says:' The flute player is also a strong musician. The classics are "Folding Willow" and "Falling Plum Blossoms". Therefore, Chen Xian's "Smelling the flute in LA on a Spring Night" ... Du Shaoling's "Playing the flute" poem:' Why are you worried about the music in the garden? Wang Zhihuan said,' Why should a strong brother complain about Liu? The spring breeze does not pass through Yumen Pass. It is said that "Folding Willow" is also a song. "This song expresses the sadness of parting.

3. Yu Di: Exquisite flute.

4. Dark flying sound: The sound came from nowhere.

5. Hometown: refers to hometown, hometown.

This poem was written by Li Bai when he visited Luoyang in the 23rd year of Kaiyuan (735). Describe the homesickness caused by the sound of flute in the dead of night. Yao Wang qu "300 Tang Poems": "Suddenly I heard the sound of the flute, and I don't know whose house it was. Because it is a night smell, the sound flies in the dark. The flute is blown away by the wind, and the wind is spread far and far by the flute, so the flute can be heard everywhere in Luo Chun at night. Folding willow is a farewell, and there is a song "Folding willow" in the flute tune. When I heard the broken willow tree, I felt sad, so my feelings were linked with my hometown. This is self-love, but it means that the listener is' no one can afford it'. Does everyone feel differently? " Just to "scatter to the spring breeze", the whole city heard it.

Creation background

In the 23rd year of Kaiyuan (735), Li Baike made Luoyang its capital. The poem "Smelling the flute in Los Angeles on a Spring Night" was written by the guests immediately.

One night when the poet stayed in Luoyang, he heard the flute playing the tune of "Broken Willow". Hearing this song here and now, who can not miss their hometown or relatives? The poem "Smelling the flute in Los Angeles on a Spring Night" was written in Los Angeles, which is Luoyang, the eastern capital of the Tang Dynasty. "Who is sneaking into the spring breeze?" The hustle and bustle of the city, which has been noisy for a day, has now calmed down, and the lights of thousands of households, large and small, have gradually gone out, and the huge city has entered a deep sleep. However, just when all was silent and the lights were dim, suddenly there came a flute from somewhere. The flute was originally a musical instrument of the Qiang nationality, which was very popular in the vast Central Plains in the Tang Dynasty. What the poet deliberately depicts here is the word "smell" in the title. At first, the poet didn't notice what the flute was playing, but after listening carefully, the sad and tactful flute became more and more clear in the spring night. It turned out to be a homesick "Broken Willow". "Who can't afford to miss home!" My hometown is my hometown. Originally, Li Bai just passively appreciated the melodious flute sound coming from somewhere, but once he heard the tune clearly, he couldn't help being deeply infected by the emotional appeal of Folding Willow and unconsciously lost in thought. Who is playing this sad song in this spring night filled with infinite feelings in the air? The flute player just plays blindly, spilling infinite parting thoughts to the city and the night sky. This is "dark flying sound" and "sneaking into the night with the wind". Maybe some people will be indifferent, because she (he) is in the same room with her family at this time, and even has fallen asleep peacefully. Of course, there is no reason to listen, but how many people are far away from their old friends in "All over the City with Los Angeles", I recall the scene when I left; From the spring breeze, I thought of affection. "Who can't afford it?" This is a sentence that expresses a positive attitude in a negative tone, but the tone is stronger. That is to say, as long as you listen to the sound of the rain flute on this spring night, everyone who leaves home will be reminded of home by it. The Chinese nation is a nation that cannot leave its homeland, and Li Bai is also a human being, just like you, him and all of us. Therefore, this poem makes those wanderers, whether ancient or modern, often talk about it.

Make an appreciative comment

( 1)

This poem is about homesickness, and the title is "Smelling the flute in Los Angeles on a Spring Night". Obviously, this poem was aroused by the flute. In the title, "Los Angeles" indicates the place of residence, and "Spring Night" indicates the season and specific time. Start by playing the flute, and then write. It is already late at night, and it is difficult for the poet to fall asleep. Suddenly, there were several intermittent flutes. The sound of the flute immediately touched the poet's wandering feelings. The poet didn't smell the flute, but said it was "flying secretly" and changed the object to the subject. The word "dark" is the key. Note that economists often ignore this word. The late Mr. Shen Zufen said: "...' Whose is it' and' the sound of dark flying', write down the mental state when you smell it, first hear the sound of flying, and trace where it came from, but I don't know who blew it and where it came from, so it is said to fly out secretly." (A brief interpretation of seven Tang poems) is an understanding. Because I don't know where the flute comes from or who the piper is, it is very correct to write the word "dark". The word "darkness" here has multiple meanings. It is mainly said that the flute was sent secretly, as if it was specially flown to people who were away from home, so as to move them and to leave their sorrow and hate. The whole sentence shows a difficult mood, the so-called subjective writing is objective. In addition, "dark" has intermittent and vague meanings, which is consistent with the situation of poetry. "Whose family" means we don't know whose family. "Who" and "Dark" take care of each other. The second sentence deliberately exaggerates the flute sound, saying that it "scatters into the spring breeze" and "fills Los Angeles", as if it were everywhere, everywhere. This is naturally an extreme exaggeration of your subjective feelings. The word "three" is used well "San" is unified, all over the body. The flute "scatters into the spring breeze", which spreads everywhere, neither east nor west, nor south nor north. That is, it is the preset point of the word "person" in Romance; The word "full" comes from the word "scattered", and the two are closely related.

Why do poets who smell flutes touch homesickness? In the third issue, I wrote the song "Folding Willow". The ancients folded their willows when they bid farewell, hoping that their loved ones would return to fold their willows. It is said that "Liu" and "Li" are homophonic, so it is a farewell gesture to fold the willow. Chang 'an Baqiao Bridge is a famous farewell place, or the willow trees in Yun Qi were completely broken for farewell. The song "Broken Willow" is a sad farewell, and its voice is sad and bitter. At the end of Taikang in Jin Dynasty, the song of "breaking willow" was popular in Luo Jing, and there was a word of "bitter struggle". The Song of Folding Willow in the Northern Dynasty said: "When you get on the horse, you don't catch the whip, but you are against Yang Liuzhi; Sitting on the flute, worried about killing the traveler. " Probably all the lyrics are written according to the meaning of the song. Therefore, when the poet heard this song, he was homesick. Generally speaking, people who have lived abroad for a long time have nothing to do during the day, but it is easy to miss their hometown at dusk. People are often sentimental in spring and autumn. Folding willow is the crowning touch of the whole poem, that is, the meaning of "smelling flute" In a few words, the poet's own feelings come from others. Emphasizing "this night" is to talk to all people living in Luoyang city and put on airs to sum up the sentence "Who can't stand homesickness". This is the deduction of subjective feelings, not to say "I", but to see the deep affection and homesickness of "I".

Li Taibai's style, that is, his subjective tendency in artistic expression, can be shown in just seven quatrains.

(2)

Los Angeles is now Luoyang, Henan. It was a very prosperous city in the Tang Dynasty and was called the East Capital. On a spring night, the lights of thousands of households gradually went out, and the noise of the day had long been calm. Suddenly there was a loud flute, and sad and euphemistic tunes flew over Los Angeles with the spring breeze. At this time, a poet who is far away from home is still asleep. He stood by the window, staring at the bright moon like a "white jade plate" alone, listening to the distant flute, lost in thought. The flute plays a song "Folding Willow", which belongs to the ancient music of Han Yuefu and expresses the pain of parting. In ancient times, when parting, willow branches were often broken off from the roadside to send; Willow, willow is just to express their reluctance. On such a spring night, listening to such a song full of parting feelings, who can not miss homesickness? Therefore, the poet couldn't help singing this four-line poem.

This poem closely follows the word "smell" throughout, expressing his feeling of smelling the flute. I don't know whose this flute belongs to, but the piper who has never appeared is just bragging and listening, and he is not going to let others know about him, but he unexpectedly touched many listeners. This is the meaning of the word "dark" in Whose Jade Emperor flies secretly. "Scattered in the spring breeze in Los Angeles" is an artistic exaggeration. In the poet's imagination, this beautiful flute flew all over Los Angeles, as if the whole city had heard it. The poet's exaggeration is not without life basis. The flute is originally a high note. When it is quiet, with the help of the spring breeze, it is not an exaggeration to say that it flies all over Los Angeles.

The flute came, and I didn't know what it was at first sight. After listening carefully for a while, I realized that it was a broken willow. That's why I wrote the third sentence saying, "I heard the willow break in this serenade." The rhetoric of this sentence is very particular, not listening to a broken willow song, but saying that I heard a broken willow in music. The word "folding willow" refers not only to the title of the song, but also to the title of the song. Folding willow represents a custom, a scene and an emotion, and folding willow is almost synonymous with parting. It can evoke a series of concrete memories and reawaken people's homesickness. "Who can't stand homesickness" seems to refer to others and everyone, but isn't it Li Bai himself who is homesick first?

Loving one's hometown is a noble emotion, which is interlinked with patriotism. I was born in Sri Lanka and grew up in my hometown. As a member of the motherland, her image is particularly unforgettable. Li Bai's poem is about smelling the flute, but its significance is not limited to describing music, but also expresses his yearning for his hometown, which is its touching place.

Yang Liuzhi ci

Bai Juyi

The spring breeze swayed the willow branches in the wind, and the tender buds gave off a light yellow softer than silk.

Always in the west corner of Fengfang, never a day, whose willow is this?

As for this poem, there was a poem about harmony in Yinlu Town, south of Henan Province, which wrote a preface: "There is a weeping willow in the southwest corner garden of Yongfeng Square, which is very elastic. Bai Shangshu once wrote poems, which were introduced into Yuefu and spread all over Kyoto. Recently, there was an imperial edict to plant two branches in the forbidden garden. I know that ten times the price increase is not empty talk. " Yongfeng Square is the name of Luoyang Square, the eastern capital of Tang Dynasty. Bai Juyi lived in Luoyang in the second year of Wuzong Huichang (842) and died in Huichang for six years. In July of the fourth year of Huichang, Luzhen (where Luoyang was ruled) became Henan Yin. It will take some time for the white poems to be written and spread to Kyoto, and then the imperial edict will be given to Luoyang and Lu Zhen to write poems. According to textual research, Bai's poem was written between three and five years in Huichang. After transplanting Yongfeng willow, he also wrote a poem "Requiring Yongfeng willow species to be forbidden in the garden".

The first two sentences of this poem describe the lovely charm of willows, and the last two sentences express feelings, which is a four-line poem that praises things and expresses aspirations.

This poem is about weeping willows in spring. The most characteristic of weeping willow is its branches, and this poem is written here. The first sentence is about lush foliage and beautiful dancing. "There are thousands of branches in the spring breeze" refers to the willow branches fluttering in the spring breeze and dancing with the wind. A thousand branches of a tree make the willows lush. In the second sentence, the willow branches are dazzling, tender and colorful. The spring breeze is warm, and the willow branches show thin leaves and tender buds, which look pale yellow; Slender willow branches, floating in the wind, are softer than silk thread. "Gold" and "silk" are not only images, but also describe the tenderness and softness of spring willow as much as possible. This sentence inherits the spring breeze, but it still describes the scene in the wind, and the willows in the wind can better show the softness of the branches. The repeated use of the word "Yu" in the sentence highlights the sequence of "softness" and "softness", which makes the rhythm flow briskly and coordinate with the joy and praise in the poem. These two sentences make weeping willows full of vitality, beautiful and light, graceful and lifelike. It is indeed a pertinent theory that Tang and Song poems call this poem "charming".

Such beautiful weeping willows should be appreciated and cherished by people; However, when the poet changed his pen, he wrote about its desolate situation. In the poem, only the third sentence explains the place where weeping willows grow, which deliberately gives people a sense of suddenness, emphasizes the close-up of the turning point of the poem and emphasizes the inappropriate place of weeping willows. The "West Corner" is a place with its back to the sun and cold, and the "Wild Garden" is a place where no one has been. Growing up in such a place, weeping willows are no matter how good, who will take care of them? I have to be alone all day. On the other hand, those who are not so willow trees are praised and cherished because they were born in their place. The poet deeply regrets weeping willows. The loneliness here is in sharp contrast with the touching charm written in the first two sentences; The sharper the contrast, the stronger the exclamation.

This object-chanting poem expresses regret for Yongfeng Willow, but it is actually a feeling of political corruption and talent burying at that time. During Bai Juyi's life, many talented people were excluded because of fierce group struggle. The poet himself, in order to avoid cronyism, invited himself outside and stayed away from Beijing for a long time. This poem should also include the poet's own life experience.

This poem blends chanting with meaning without a trace. The whole poem is clear and fluent, like a folk song. Vivid, then "all over Kyoto". Later, Su Shi wrote the poem "The Song of the Cave Fairy", in which the willow was sung, and one sentence said: "There is no one by the Yongfeng Square all day, and there is no golden thread and sunny day." This poem still makes people feel infinitely depressed, which shows that its artistic power is touching.

Historically, I listened to flute playing on the Yellow Crane Tower with Qin Lang.

Author: Li Bai era: Tang Dynasty

Once people take a back seat, like Jia Yi in Changsha, they look far and wide, but they can't see Chang 'an or their hometown.

There was a flute sound of "Plum Blossom" from the Yellow Crane Tower, and another drop of plum blossom was seen on the river bank in May.

Precautions:

Another poem in Poems of a Thousand Families: Beige Monument.

Wuhan's alias "Jiangcheng" comes from the sentence "Plum blossoms fall in May in Jiangcheng".

Plum Blossom Fall: The ancient flute has Plum Blossom Fall.

[Note] (1) Langzhong: official name. Yellow Crane Tower: By the Yangtze River in Wuchang, Hubei. (2) Relocation of officials: officials who moved or were relegated to other places. (3) Jiangcheng: refers to Jiangxia, now Wuchang, Hubei; Plum blossom: refers to "plum blossom falling". Name the flute.

Once I was demoted as an official, and I visited Chang 'an in the west on my way to Changsha, where there is no home now. How painful my mood is at this time. One day, when he was drinking on the Yellow Crane Tower, he suddenly heard a flute, which sounded like "plum blossoms have fallen". The early summer in Jiangcheng is warm and hot, but when I hear the bleak flute, I feel a chill coming, just like being in the winter when plum blossoms are falling.

This is what Li Bai did when he exiled Yelang to Wuchang in the first year of Gan Yuan (758). This poem is about visiting the Yellow Crane Tower and listening to the flute, which expresses the poet's exile abroad. Jia Yi in the Western Han Dynasty was relegated to Changsha by the powerful minister for accusing the current politics. Li Bai was also implicated in the Li Lin incident in Wang Yong, and was exiled to Yelang on the charge of "disobedience". So the poet quoted Jia Yi as a homonym. "One is to move the capital to Changsha", which is to use Jia Yi's misfortune to compare his own experience, to reveal the resentment of innocent victims, and also to mean self-defense. But the political blow did not make the poet forget the state affairs. On the way to exile, he couldn't help looking to Chang 'an in the west. There are memories of the past, worries about national luck, and attachment to the imperial court. However, Chang 'an, Wan Li, is a long way away, how far is it from the relocated people! I can't help but be disappointed if I don't see it. When I heard the flute playing plum blossoms on the Yellow Crane Tower, I felt particularly desolate, as if the Jiangcheng in May was full of plum blossoms.

The poet skillfully used the flute to render sadness. Wang Qi quoted Guo Maoqian's Yuefu poems to illustrate the theme: "Plum blossoms are also a tune in the flute." In May and early summer in Jiangcheng, of course, there are no plum blossoms, but because the flute of plum blossoms is beautiful, it seems to see the scene of plum blossoms falling all over the sky. Plum blossoms bloom in winter, and although the scenery is beautiful, it inevitably gives people a feeling of awe, which is a portrayal of the poet's cold mood. At the same time, it also reminds people of the historical legend that Zou Yan was imprisoned and suffered great injustice. The expressive technique of linking music with musical images is what poetic theorists call "synaesthesia". The poet thought of plum blossom from flute, appealed to vision from hearing, and interwoven with synaesthesia to describe the desolate scenery consistent with the cold mood, thus effectively setting off the sad mood of returning home and homesickness. Therefore, it is insightful to comment on this poem "Infinite Love Blows in the Flute" in the direct interpretation of Tang poetry. Shen Deqian in Qing Dynasty said: "It is more important to keep your mouth shut when you are away from feelings. They only pay attention to the prospect and oral language, but there are overtones that make people out of reach, too white and meaningful. " (Volume 20 of Tang Poetry) This seven-character quatrain is good at "words are close to feelings, but words are not revealed", which makes people hear the poet's argot from the perspective of "blowing the jade emperor" and "falling plum blossoms".

In addition, the unique artistic structure of this poem is also very good. Poetry is written with the feeling of listening to the flute, but not in the order of smelling the flute and feeling, but feeling first and then smelling the flute. The first half describes the typical action of "looking west", vividly expressing the feeling of missing the imperial city and the sadness of "looking but not seeing". In the second half, I heard the flute, which revealed the bleak scene of "plum blossoms falling in May in Jiangcheng", and used the scenery to express emotion, so that the scene before and after lived together.

Qiaojinmen

The wind blew a pool of spring water. Idle lead 2 yuan Yang respect, hand slap 3 red almonds. Ducks fighting ducks (4) languish and lean alone, and the jade scratching its head (5) falls obliquely. I won't look at Jun Jun all day, but I will look up and smell the magpie.

Brief introduction of the author

Feng Yansi was born in Guangling (now Yangzhou, Jiangsu). Versatile poems. Li Jing was the prime minister in the Southern Tang Dynasty. Although his ci also wrote about women and lovesickness, he didn't carve chapters and sentences like the Huajian School. He can describe the inner activities and sadness of the characters in vivid language. He used the traditional technique of "expressing his children's words and writing things about the monarch and the minister" to implicitly express his concern and sorrow for the national situation in the Southern Tang Dynasty, and developed the style of graceful words since he wrote the article.

To annotate ...

At first glance: suddenly.

2 idle quotations: bored and playful.

3 elimination: elimination.

4 Duckfighting: Duckfighting is fun. Duckfighting stalls and cockfighting platforms are places for bureaucrats to have fun.

⑤ Jasper scratched her head: it is the jade hairpin.

Comments and explanations

Feng Yansi is good at expressing emotion with scenery and passion with things, which contains personal sadness. Written beautifully, meticulously, euphemistically and implicitly. This well-known poem "Love in Spring" was praised by people at that time. In particular, the famous sentence "When the wind blows, a pool of spring water blows" has been circulated since ancient times. The first part of Ci mainly describes scenery, pointing out seasons, environment and people's activities. The next film is mainly lyrical, and points out all the reasons for anxiety.

Set comments

Preface to Yangchunzhai Engraving Collection: Feng's ci is full of labor and thinking about women, "worrying about life and thinking about chaos has connotation"

According to the twenty-first year of Ma Ling's Book of Southern Tang Dynasty, China leader Li Jing once asked Feng Yansi, "What happened to blowing a pool of spring water?" Feng replied: "My husband is like your majesty,' the small building blows jade, and the cold is pressing'." Zhongzhu Moon.

Yu Biyun's Selected Interpretation of Ci Poems in the Tang, Five Dynasties and Two Song Dynasties: The sentence "The wind blows at the beginning" came from the air, intentionally or unintentionally, like floating like firewood, which should be praised by the masters of later studies. This was made in the heyday of the Southern Tang Dynasty. The phrase "I like to listen to the magpie newspaper" is almost a celebration with a ribbon, but also a thought of loyalty.

Shen Jiyun was quoted in Selected Poems of Starting a prairie fire: When you hear the good news from the magpie, you should know that there are still doubts in the joy, but you want to be happy and spoil your heart, and your words are clear and sincere.

He Shang's Poems on Wrinkling the Waterfront: Feng Yansi, the master of the Southern Tang Dynasty (Li Jing), said, "When the wind blows at the beginning, it wrinkles a pool of spring water. What's wrong with you? " Feng said, "If the drizzle dreams of a chicken, the small building will blow through the jade, and it will be cold." Don't let the neighboring countries know. However, if you look at the meaning of these words carefully, there are still many meanings. There is also a saying called "I don't understand the magpie language, I'll rest assured for a while", which is also said in Hanwo. Not long after Feng Yansi arrived in Tuo, he said in his own language, "I didn't see Jun Jun all day, but looked up to listen to magpie music." Although meaning is stolen, language adds meaning.