Notes on Alexander Expedition and Warring States Policy (18)

Zhou is the best, Zhai Qiang is good at Chu. The second son wants to hurt Zhang Yi in Wei. Zhang Ziwen heard of it because he was seen by others and heard by others, because he didn't dare to hurt Zhang Zi.

Zhou is closest to Qi, while Zhai Qiang is close to Chu. These two men want to slander Zhang Yi at Wang Wei's place. When Zhang Yi heard about it, he sent his men to be misers to introduce the messenger and to monitor the people who visited Wang Wei, so no one dared to slander Zhang Yi.

this officialdom is full of dog blood. Stay away from strangers!

well, let's take a look at Arian's expedition to Alexandria!

(4) At this time, Alexander spent twenty days building the wall of the city he wanted to create. Arrangements have also been made for the following people to settle in the city: any Greek mercenary willing to settle here, people from nearby tribes who have volunteered to participate in the construction of new settlements, and all those in the Macedonian army who are not suitable for active service can settle in the city. Then, he offered sacrifices to the gods he often sacrificed, and held riding and sports competitions. When he saw that the troops of West Xu Ya had not left the river bank, and they kept shooting arrows into the river (this section of the river was not wide), he also sneered loudly and insulted Alexander, to the effect that Alexander did not dare to touch the West Xu people; If he dares to move, he will understand the difference between the West Asians and the Asian Man Zi. Alexander was very angry when he heard this. He planned to cross the river to attack them, and had ordered the troops to make animal skin rafts to prepare for a strong crossing. However, when he offered sacrifices to ask whether it was auspicious to cross the river, the sacrifice showed an ominous sign. Alexander was greatly troubled by this. But he still controlled himself and looked at it honestly. However, the West Xu people continued to cry out and abuse. So he offered sacrifices to cross the river again, and Aristide said that this omen was still dangerous. Alexander replied that he had surrendered to almost all of Asia now, and at this moment, he became the laughing stock of the Sisyphean people, just like Xue Xisi's father Darius long ago. He would rather take the biggest risk in the world than be such a person. As to whether the omen is auspicious or ominous, although Alexander hopes to get different explanations, Alistair can't change his statement just because he wishes so.

Alexander was angered by the Sisyphean. Aristide, as a fortune teller, can't misinterpret the results of divination, which is a bit like the insistence of eastern historians on objective truth, but how can divination be objective? Like today's budget.

When all the rafts for crossing the river were ready, and the troops arrived at the river side in teams, Alexander ordered the Xixi people who were galloping along the river on the other side to use slingshots to fire stone bullets. Some enemies were shot and wounded. Even a stone bullet penetrated a man's shield and armor, knocking him off his horse. Seeing that the stone bullet could hit so far, and killed the greatest one among them, the Sikhs retreated slightly from the river bank. Alexander saw that they were hit by stone bullets, and the order had begun to be disordered. He immediately ordered to blow the March, and personally took the lead in crossing the river, and the whole army immediately followed. Command archers and slings to land first, so as to shoot arrows and throw stones at the Sikhs before all the cavalry cross the river, and prevent them from approaching the infantry phalanx that is landing. After the whole army landed and assembled, they first sent a regiment of mercenaries and four squadrons of lancers to attack the West Asians. The Sicilians were strong and ready for battle. Later, they sent some cavalry to outflank the small Macedonian troops who kept shooting arrows and throwing stones at them, but the main force easily escaped. So Alexander gathered all the archers, Agrian troops and other light troops under Balaklas' command, personally led them, and pursued the Sikhs with the cavalry. When approaching the enemy, order the three regiments of cavalry and all the javelin throwers to attack the enemy immediately. He himself led the rest of the cavalry squadron to pounce on the enemy at full speed in the form of a column. Therefore, the west Xu Ya forces can't outflank like just now. Because the Greek cavalry has pushed very close, at the same time, the light troops and the cavalry also stopped them from making any sure outflanking. As a matter of fact, the defeat of Sisyphean is now decided. They have killed thousands of people, including a commander named Sartre Rasis; One hundred and fifty people have been captured. The pursuit was swift and violent, but the pursuers were really hard, because the weather was extremely hot and the whole army was extremely thirsty. Alexander himself is a galloping horse, and he drinks water at the same time. That water is really dirty. Suddenly he had a big diarrhea. Therefore, the troops can't kill all the troops in West Xu Ya. If it weren't for Alexander's illness, I believe that the Sisyphean people would be completely annihilated. Alexander's illness was really dangerous and he was carried back to the camp. Aristand's prediction was thus verified again.

bad weather and polluted water quality made Alexander infected.

(5) Not long after, the king of West Xu Ya sent a representative to see Alexander, expressing regret over what had happened. They said that this incident was not the overall action of the west Xu Ya countries, but was only done by some robbers who looted their homes. Nevertheless, the king himself is willing to take responsibility, and he will do whatever Alexander wants him to do. Alexander gave them a polite answer. This is because, if you don't trust their king, he must continue to pursue; If you don't pursue it, it will be very disgraceful; And now is not the best time to pursue, so we have to go down the steps.

it's finally time for Alexander to compromise. Hey! Can people overcome the sky? What if you listen to divination and be patient?

At the same time, the Macedonian garrison, which was under surveillance in the fortress of Malaquin, rushed out to fight back when Spitaminis attacked them, killing one enemy, driving the main force away, and then returned to the fortress safely. Later, when Spitaminis heard that Alexander's troops sent to Darius, Malaquin, had approached, he immediately removed the encirclement and pretended to retreat to Sogdiana, the capital. Just as they were approaching the border of Sogdiana, Fanakos and the officers who came with him were eager to drive all the enemies away, so they hurried to catch up and launched an all-round attack on the herdsmen in west Xu Ya casually. Seeing this situation, Spitaminis took the opportunity to attract 6 riders from West Xu Ya to join him. With this group of allies, he was emboldened, so he waited with them for the Macedonian troops to come. On a flat land near the West Xu Ya Desert, he arranged his troops. They are not passively waiting for the enemy to attack, nor are they just preparing to rush them when the enemy comes; But as soon as the Macedonian troops came, they galloped around the infantry phalanx and kept shooting arrows at them. When Fanucus led the team to attack them, they easily dodged. Because their horses are full of energy and run fast; At that time, the horses led by Andromachus were already exhausted because of their long journey and lack of forage. Therefore, no matter whether they want to hold their positions or retreat, the Sisyphean people keep pounding at them. Now, because a large number of soldiers have been wounded by arrows, some have fallen to the ground. So the officers gathered their troops into a square formation and retreated to the Politi mitas River. There is a valley by the river with many trees, so it is not easy for the Sikhs to shoot them; And their own infantry can also play a greater role.

now it's Alexander's turn to retreat.

At this time, Caranas, the cavalry commander, ordered the cavalry to cross the river without asking Andromachus, in an attempt to take refuge here. So the infantry also crossed the river and retreated behind the cavalry without any instructions. In a panic, they jumped into the river from the cliff-like bank. Seeing that Macedonian troops had made a mistake, the Sicilians on horseback rushed into the river from all directions, and some pursued those who had crossed the river and were continuing to retreat. Some just cross the river and drag those who are about to cross it into the water; People on the two wings shot random arrows at Macedonians from the shore; Others hunt down those who have just entered the river. At this time, the Macedonian troops were cornered and concentrated on an island in the middle of the river to escape. The Sicilians swarmed in, and the cavalry of Spitaminis also formed a circle and shot all Macedonians to death. Some of them were taken alive and hacked to death.

Is the Sisyphean the bane of Alexander?

(6) However, in the account of Aristobras, it is said that most of the troops were ambushed and destroyed. It is said that the Sikhs were originally hidden in a clearing in a mountain forest. As soon as the fighting started, they rushed out of their hiding place and made a surprise attack on Macedonian troops. Because just then, Fanucus was ceding command to the officers who came with him. The reason is that he is not familiar with the military, and Alexander sent him only to deal with the affairs of indigenous tribes, not to let him command the battle; And they are both Macedonian officers and friends of the king. But Andromachus, Karanas and Minidimas did not accept the command. On the one hand, they feel that accepting the command will appear beyond the scope of Alexander's instructions and take action without authorization; On the other hand, it is also because, in such a critical juncture, if you are defeated, you will be responsible as a commander. When condemned for dereliction of duty, collective responsibility is always much lighter than individual responsibility. In the confusion of their mutual concessions and nobody's responsibility, the Sikhs swooped down on them and slashed and killed them. As a result, less than forty cavalry and only about 3 infantry escaped.

explain the reasons for this siege.

After reporting this situation to Alexander, he deeply regretted the tragic disaster suffered by his subordinates. Decided to attack Spitaminis and those indigenous troops at full speed. So he led half the cavalry, archers and Agrian troops, and drew the lightest troops from the phalanx, and made a dash for Malaquin. Upon arrival, I learned that Spitaminis had come back with his troops and surrounded the troops guarding the fortress. It took Alexander only three days to cross the 1,5-meter platform and reach the city at dawn. But when Spitaminis heard the news that Alexander was approaching, he fled without waiting for him to arrive. Alexander followed closely. When he arrived at the place where the original battle took place, he buried the dead as generously as possible, and then chased the enemy to the edge of the desert. Then he went back and completely destroyed the whole area. They also killed all the tribal aborigines who had been hiding in the fugitives' fortress, because it was said that these people had also participated in the attack on Macedonian troops. Alexander led his troops all over the valley of Politi mitas River until the end of the river, and then it was desert. Although the amount of water in this river is large, it all flows into the sand and disappears. The same is true of some big rivers that flow all the year round in this area. For example, the Epadas River that flows through the territory of Madia, the Arias River in Aria region (named after the river), and the Eti Mandelas River that flows through the Yolgetai region, etc. All these rivers are not small compared with the Pineas River in Thessaly, which flows through the Taibi sea. The mitas River on the Polidi is much bigger, and the Pineas River can hardly be compared with it.

Alexander avenged the slain troops.

(7) After Alexander finished this matter, he arrived in Zaria Spa. It has been through the winter there. During this period, many people came to see Alexander. Among them, Paasia supervised Flata Furniss; Stassano, who was originally sent to Arria to arrest Assamis, also came and took Assamis with chains. Together with him, Bazanis, who was appointed by Bertha as the supervisor of Paasia, and other leaders who rebelled with Bertha. At the same time, Poe, silas and Melanidas, and Ptolemy, the general commander of Thrace forces, also came from the seaside. They went to the seaside with Minnis earlier with some allied escort treasures. Ashander is here; Arcaz came from the sea with a group of Greek mercenaries, Syrian supervisor Bess and deputy supervisor EsKlippi O 'Dollas.

Introduce Alexander's winter in Da Zaria Spa.

Then Alexander called a meeting of the generals who were with him, took Berthus before everyone, accused him of betraying Darius, ordered his nose and earlobe to be cut off, and then took him to Ekbatana, where he was executed in front of all the Medes and Persians. I don't agree with the use of such excessive capital punishment for Bertha. I think it is barbaric to behead a prisoner with a broken limb and execute him to death. Some people say that Alexander has gone too far in copying the luxury of the Medes and Persians and treating his subjects as inferior animals in imitation of the barbarian toast. I agree with this statement. I don't approve of him wearing Medea clothes instead of Macedonian traditional clothes, especially because he is a descendant of Hercules. In particular, he changed his Macedonian hat, which had been worn for a long time as a symbol of victory, into a headscarf of the conquered Persians, and he was not ashamed. I can't agree with all this. I think Alexander's brilliant achievements can prove-if there is anything that can really prove my view: no matter how big and magnificent a person is, how noble and distinguished his family is, and how lucky he is in the war, he can surpass Alexander in these respects, and even accomplish what Alexander wanted to do but failed to do, that is, lead the fleet around Libya and Asia and conquer them all, even outside Libya and Asia, plus Europe, the third continent. All this is useless to his happiness. Only when he completes these magnificent undertakings in front of the whole world, can he learn how to be his own master, which is not in vain.

Arian's evaluation of Alexander's behavior and achievements.

(8) Here, I want to talk about the death of Cleitas (the son of Deropedia) and some situations of Alexander afterwards. Although these things happened later, I feel that it may not be unreasonable to talk about them here first. Every year when they arrive in bacchanalia, Macedonians feast and celebrate festivals. Alexander also offered sacrifices to Dionysus, the god of wine, on this festival every year. It is said that only this year's festival, Alexander ignored Dionysus and offered a sacrifice to Dioscuri, probably because he had some reason to make such a decision. However, because the banquet dragged on, Alexander had already developed the habit of boozing by barbarians, and people had an argument about Dioscuri during the banquet. Some people say that their father is not Tindarius, but Zeus. Among the people attending the banquet, there is a kind of person who has done some harm to the interests of the incumbent king in the past and will continue to do so in the future; But at this banquet, in order to please Alexander, they touted Alexander and his achievements, saying that casto and Pollack could not be compared with Alexander at all. There are also some drunken people who cite many heroes, saying that they are not as good as Alexander, and even Hercules is not as good as him. They say that the reason why the living British refugees are not respected by their contemporaries is only because people are jealous of them.

Alexander was touted.

Cletus feels that Alexander's style is becoming more and more savage, and the words that flatter him are really disgusting. He has long been tired of these situations. At this time, under the excitement of wine, he could no longer tolerate these people slandering the gods like this; Moreover, they think that they are trying to please Alexander by belittling the ancient heroes, which is totally malicious. He felt that Alexander's achievements were not as great and magical as they boasted. Moreover, these achievements are not Alexander.