How to castrate a pig?

Piglet castration technology seems simple, but it is not done well and there will be many problems.

Timing of piglet castration: pig farms in China are generally selected between 7 ~ 15 days old. In some developed countries, such as abroad, three-day castration or five-day castration is often used. However, in free-range families, castration is often carried out during weaning, and sometimes even after weaning. The main reason for the difference is the difference in feeding environment and feeding level.

I'm seven years old here and I'm often castrated. At the same time of castration, immune asthma vaccine. So as to superpose the two pressures once and reduce the pressure of piglets.

For piglets about to be castrated, first drag the delivery bed with11000 potassium permanganate water to prevent infection of pathogens on the surface of the delivery bed after castration. Catch pigs and inject them with asthma vaccine, and then erect the heat insulation board of the incubator to prevent diarrhea pollution of piglets.

Wipe the blade with iodophor before and after castration of each piglet to prevent cross infection.

Among them, there are two kinds of castrated piglets: one-handed castration and leg-assisted castration. One-handed castration has the advantage of less pressure on pigs, but the disadvantage is relatively slow, and it is only limited to young or small piglets. The other method has the advantage of high speed, but the pressure is greater because the pig is caught in the leg.

When castrating, the choice of incision: the lower end of scrotum. The reason for choosing this part is that even after castration, the internal liquid can flow out by itself, and unnecessary inflammation will not be caused by liquid residue.

Requirements for castration: the incision should be as small as possible, but large enough to squeeze out the testis, otherwise it will cause inflammation due to incomplete squeezing. Try to fight only once. Repeated fighting will slow the wound healing and affect the growth of piglets.

When castrating, some like to pull out and some like to cut the spermatic cord. In fact, no matter which method is used, we should try our best to extract most of the essence. There is a saying that pulling for too long is easy to hurt the pig's roots. However, if the upper part of spermatic cord is cut off with a knife, piglets are often prone to bleeding, and internal inflammation will occur in the later stage, and serious tissue inflammation larger than testis will occur. When dragging, I like to press the pig's pelvis with my thumb, and then you will obviously feel the power of spermatic cord pulling. The advantage of this is that it can effectively control the spermatic cord to pull the internal tissue. The bleeding is not so serious.

Be sure to carefully observe whether there is any residual spermatic cord left outside after castration. In this case, infection will occur and the wound will heal very slowly.

Be sure to keep the maternity bed clean for five days after castration. If possible, it is best to mop the bed with disinfectant every two days without eating. Prevention and treatment of pathogenic infection.

The problem of castrating piglets

Premature operation Some pig farmers mistakenly think that the sooner the piglets are castrated, the better, and some even castrate the piglets before the full moon, which brings great risks. In fact, it is not good to castrate pigs too early or too late. Generally choose castration after weaning 15-30 days. If castrated prematurely, abdominal organs such as intestine and bladder will emerge from the muscle incision whose muscles are not mature enough for healing. It causes various hernias under the skin, and in severe cases, it will cause intestinal necrosis, form fistula and die after long-term treatment.

Preoperative observation of castrated pigs is very important. Before operation, we should carefully observe the spirit, body temperature, breathing, defecation and hunger of piglets. Once these problems are ignored, mistakes will often occur, which will lead to the aggravation of postoperative conditions. Also, sows should stop feeding before castration, which is of great benefit to the smooth operation and the healing of postoperative wounds. In addition, to avoid hot and cold weather, it is best to choose sunny, mild and windless weather.

The problem that is easily overlooked is that the operator's hands are washed repeatedly with disinfectant soap or soap, and then disinfected with 5% iodine and 75% alcohol 1 time. Knives and needles used in surgery must be disinfected before operation, and generally boiled for 15 minutes. Piglet surgery must use 5% iodine and 75% alcohol to disinfect the incision. Piglets should be vaccinated against tetanus before operation. In addition, the newly operated pigs should be rushed to a slow state, and one side of the knife edge should not sleep under it to prevent infection or damage to the seal and cause inflammation. Both inside and outside the pig farm should be cleaned and disinfected in advance.

Avoid castrating pigs by mistake.

First of all, don't castrate sows in estrus. The sow in estrus has no obvious morphological characteristics and is easy to be castrated by mistake. Once castrated, it is easy to cause more bleeding and even death. Therefore, for the pigs to be castrated, we must pay attention to observation and carefully determine. Secondly, all pigs should be fed to avoid castration. Some pig farms didn't starve the pigs to death alone, but stopped the whole circle of pigs from eating, which didn't achieve the effect of stopping feeding before operation at all. Some hungry pigs have eaten the leftovers, and their stomachs are still full. In this way, the uterus and ovaries of sows are not easy to be squeezed out of the incision, which is easy to cause intestinal rupture, and it is also easy to damage the gastrointestinal tract and affect the digestion, absorption and growth of pigs. In addition, avoid castration of newly purchased piglets. Because of the change of environment and feed, it is easy to cause unimaginable stress and even acute death to operate on newly bought pigs. Therefore, it takes at least 10 days to choose the timing of castration for piglets that have just returned from other places.

Prevention and treatment of complications of castration

At first glance, the castrated seam healed well, but on closer inspection, it was a little red and swollen. When touching the pig's abdominal wall, the pig will feel pain, its body temperature will also rise, its spirit will be depressed, its diet will be reduced, and its body will lose weight quickly. The main reason is that peritonitis can be caused by lax or incomplete disinfection during operation, too long operation time or poor hygiene. During the treatment, those with mild symptoms can apply hot compress to the abdomen to make the adhesion disappear; For those who are found late and have severe symptoms, the abdominal wall can be cut to separate the abdominal wall from the intestinal tube, the incision can be washed with disinfectant, then anti-inflammatory drugs can be applied, and antibiotics such as penicillin can be continuously injected for 3-5 days.

When cutting edge bleeding castrates sows, the incision is too large, the force is too strong, and the knife penetrates too deep, causing vein injuries such as external iliac artery and internal iliac artery, resulting in intra-abdominal bleeding and external bleeding; During boar operation, the rupture of spermatic cord and vas deferens may not stop bleeding, and improper force during operation leads to the rupture of spermatic cord blood vessels and bleeding of scrotal wall blood vessels; Hemorrhagic quality, etc. Prevention and treatment measures: the surgical site (including spermatic cord) and the thick blood vessels of internal genitalia must be firmly ligated. If you bleed, you can pour some cold water on your waist; When bleeding is serious, intramuscular injection of Luo 'an blood and vitamin K3, etc. If necessary, the scrotum cavity can be filled with sterilized and degreased gauze, and the scrotum skin wound edge can be temporarily sutured with several stitches, and the suture and gauze can be removed after 24-48 hours.

Tetanus is mostly due to lax disinfection of incisions and surgical instruments during castration. Clostridium tetanus is infected through the wound, which shows that the reaction of the motor center to external stimuli is enhanced and the muscles continue to contract spasmodically. During the treatment, it was washed repeatedly with 3% hydrogen peroxide, disinfected with 5% tincture of iodine and coated with antibiotic ointment. Intramuscular injection of chlorpromazine 50- 100- mg and deep injection of penicillin 800-1600,000 units around the operation department; At the same time, Jiawei Fangfeng Powder and Jiawei Qianjin Powder can be used for treatment.