Poetry

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, and mention the concept of "running sentence", especially emphasizing the antithesis requirements of four sentences, which can be running sentences, not running pairs. The difference is that running water is antithesis, while running water sentence is not antithesis. "Running sentence" is just two sentences with causal relationship or time-spatial order relationship.

Therefore, when a prune writes lyrics, you can use running sentences instead of antithesis or duality. If your prune doesn't have duality in two four sentences, you can use "running sentences".

let's focus on the "running water pair".

flowing couplets: it means that couplets are just like flowing clouds in meaning, and they can't be cut off.

Therefore, although it is divided into two sentences in form, its meaning is coherent with each other. In other words, a meaning is divided into two sentences. In other words, the upper and lower parts are closely combined, interrelated and inseparable, and the meaning is incomplete if the upper sentence or the lower sentence is removed.

For example, Du Fu:

Some pairs of running water are connected in series with conjunctions, or they are simply said in half in one sentence. For example,

Many flowing water pairs the upper and lower sentences as two coherent actions respectively. For example,

there is a certain logical relationship between the upper and lower sentences in a typical running water. Let's give some examples:

1. Coherence:

Coherence is also called "inheritance". The structure of the relationship between the upper and lower parts according to the time sequence or meaning.

For example, a couplet of Lanzhou River Temple:

A couplet composed of coherent relations is characterized by the fact that what is stated in the first couplet comes first and what is stated in the second couplet comes later; The upper part is the beginning, and the lower part is the continuation; The first part has passed, and the second part is in progress.

The couplets composed of coherent relations often give people the feeling of flowing, hearty, rhythmic and coherent, which can increase the language potential and rhythm of couplets. Therefore, this logical relationship is widely used in the creation of couplets.

2. Progressive relationship:

The performance of progressive relationship is that the bottom part of the upper part goes further in scope or degree, or from big to small, or from small to big; Or from the outside to the inside, or from the inside to the outside, layer by layer, layer by layer, to describe something incisively and vividly, or to explain an idea.

For example, Zhang Naiqi took Mr. Lu Xun's couplet:

3. Conditional relations:

(1) Put forward conditions in sentences and tell the results in sentences.

For example, Su Zhenmin gave Li Bicai a couplet:

(2) The couplet says the result, and the couplet says the action.

For example:

4. Hypothetical relationship:

The first part puts forward a hypothetical idea, and the second part affirms the result of inference, forming a structural form of "what if" and "what if".

For example:

Assuming that the relationship is related, it is generally meaningful and intriguing. However, if you don't carefully scrutinize it, it is often difficult to get it neatly.

5. Turning relation:

The events listed in the bottom line or the meanings contained in it develop in the opposite or opposite direction to those listed in the top line, which is called turning relation in terms of language logic.

For example,

In the sense of linking, linking up and down means turning, relative and opposite. The antithetical couplets, which are formed according to the transitional relationship structure, are quite good in contrast and ups and downs, both in terms of content expression and artistic effect.

6. Choice relation:

The syntactic forms of choice relation are "this way or that way", "this way or that way" and "this way is better than that way", etc. After comparison, the choice is decided.

For example,

Generally speaking, couplets based on the chosen logical relationship structure are clear in style, positive in tone, clear in inclination and clear in theme.

7. Causality:

For example:

The relationship between upper and lower parts is the relationship between cause and result or the relationship between cause and conclusion. Couplets created on the basis of causality can be linked to the reasons or reasons, and linked to the results and conclusions; You can also adopt the "flip-chip" method, linking the results or conclusions and linking the reasons and reasons.

For example,

This is a set of couplets by Yanmenguan. The first part is the conclusion, and the second part is the reason. If you don't flip it upside down, the meaning of this couplet should be, because there are still many old friends after going out to Yangguan in the west, you don't have to worry about not meeting people who know you well before going on this trip. Generally speaking, couplets created on the basis of causality have distinct levels and strong rationality, which are also common in flowing couplets.

8. Purpose relationship:

The antithetical couplet of purpose relationship is always a semi-linked behavior, which means to have a certain behavior for a certain purpose or to carry out a certain behavior in order to achieve a certain purpose. This naturally forms the upper half-linked list item and the lower half-linked list behavior:

For example,

or the upside-down upper half-linked list behavior and the lower half-linked list item;

For example:

For the same uplink, we can have different ideas and make different logical connections.

The flowing water pair is the most appreciated and highly artistic. A poem with a pair of flowing water in it is much more clever.

There are some statements about running water pairs, which shows the role of running water pairs in ancient poetry.