What do pigeons eat?

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Happy pigeons!

The feed for pigeons is mainly miscellaneous grains, and the more commonly used ones include wheat, buckwheat, sorghum, corn, peas, mung beans, hemp seeds, etc. When feeding, at least two kinds of feed should be mixed, for example, usually 3 parts of wheat, corn, and sorghum, and 1 part of peas. During training, it should be changed to 3 parts of wheat, corn, and sorghum, 1 part of peas, and 1 part of hemp seeds. share.

In addition to miscellaneous grains, green feed such as vegetables, cabbage, and wheat seedlings and mineral feed can also be supplied. The proportion of mineral feed is: 3 parts each of yellow mud and yellow sand, 2 parts slaked lime, 1 part salt, 0.5 part shell powder or eggshell powder, 0.5 part charcoal. After crushing, add water, mix, knead into balls and dry in the sun. Then break the ball into pieces and place it in the pigeonhouse.

Feed twice a day, once around 7 am and once around 4:30 pm. The amount of feeding in the morning accounts for 1/3 of its daily diet, and the amount of feeding in the afternoon accounts for 1/3 of its daily diet. 2/3 of the food, the amount of feed for each adult pigeon per day is about 50 grams, which can be increased appropriately during training. Feed should be given to the pigeons after they return to the loft, so that they can form a conditioned reflex to return to the loft and have food to facilitate their return to the nest.

During pigeon training and racing, more corn and peas should be fed, and water should be fed first, followed by feed. You can feed glucose water first, and then feed light salt water. In summer and during the period of hatching young pigeons, you can add an appropriate amount of salt to their drinking water.

Pigeons are very clean birds, so they must pay great attention to the cleanliness of the pigeonhouse. They should bathe in water at least twice a week in summer and autumn, and once a day in winter.

There are two ways to make pigeons like their owners. 1. Feed peanuts. Pigeons like to eat peanuts. Peanuts can be used to train pigeons. The pigeons may not eat peanuts at first. You can feed them peanuts and add a small amount of other feed during a day of fasting. Once the pigeons get used to it and like it, they will come over to eat it even if you put peanuts in the palm of your hand! 2. Do not chase pigeons or frighten them. You can go to the dovecot at night and gently catch the pigeons, hold the pigeons in your hands and enjoy them, but the method of catching and holding the pigeons must be correct otherwise it will damage the pigeons' feathers. Not all pigeons will let you catch them, just get used to them! Raising pigeons takes time, and over time the pigeons will no longer be so afraid of you.

There are many reasons for green feces

Identification and treatment of green feces in pigeons:

The health of pigeons can be seen from the feces. Green poop is actually a more widespread problem. Because many diseases have green stool. Some healthy pigeons will also excrete green feces.

Green stool is generally divided into three categories: dark green thick stool, ordinary green stool and light green watery stool. The dark green here is the most troublesome.

Let’s talk about how to treat these three situations separately.

Dark green thick stool can be divided into two situations. Namely: healthy type and unhealthy type.

I remember it seemed that in 1989, we had a place called Jiangdu to fly Hami, a distance of 2,600 kilometers. A pigeon returned home, but it died of disbelief on the way to check in. Why? It turned out that the pigeon owner noticed that the pigeons excreted thick dark green feces after returning. So he fed some antibiotics to the pigeons. It may be that the antibiotics were overdosed, but it caused the death of an excellent pigeon, although he did it from the perspective of loving pigeons. However, due to the lack of knowledge about the diagnosis and treatment of pigeon diseases, it is indeed heartbreaking to have an outstanding pigeon die inexplicably. So, why did this Hami pigeon excrete green feces? We can look at it from the physiological structure of pigeons. Pigeons do not have a gall gland. But pigeons can help digestion by expelling bile through the common bile duct that is parasitic in the liver. This is why we see thick green droppings from pigeons when they are extremely hungry. Knowing this reason, we can prescribe the right medicine, let the pigeons rest in a darker environment, and feed them some food that is easy to digest. This green feces has no smell.

Then let’s look at another cause of dark green poop. The liver is a very important organ.

It is involved in the conversion of sugar, the degradation of toxins and hematopoiesis, etc. Sick pigeons in this part also produce dark green droppings. And there is a certain fishy smell. Through dissection, we can also see that pigeons suffering from liver disease have obvious black edges on their livers, which is actually a kind of acute hepatitis. This is also the kind of liver disease that was commonly discussed in the past. Sick pigeons naturally lose weight, and the skin should not be peeled off from the muscles. The muscles were obviously flushed, and there were occasional signs of temperature deviation. This is basically pigeon hepatitis. In the past, many fanciers liked to use oxytetracycline or co-trimoxazole for treatment. Although it is effective, it is not the best method. Usually if it is diagnosed as hepatitis, it is easier to treat. Supplement WB and WC to pigeons every day to improve liver function. At the same time, certain antibiotics should be used in combination. Now just use fluguaic acid. Take two times a day, one pill each time. It usually takes about a week to recover. When treating this condition, I usually also pluck out the two side feathers of the pigeon's tail feathers. Feather plucking is sometimes a good way to treat certain diseases in pigeons. It is particularly effective in treating metabolic disorders in the blood. This method originated from the European battlefields before the 13th century, and was used for patients who developed regenerative blood disorders after being injured. There is a certain scientific reason. But it’s not very popular now. Its principle is to use the reduction in blood pressure after bloodletting to improve certain physiological functions. Plucking tail feathers can play this role, and I sometimes bleed sick pigeons. Especially during the Newcastle disease epidemic in mainland China in 1997, this method was tried?

Pigeons sometimes produce thick green feces due to poisoning by certain drugs. These should be viewed on a case-by-case basis. Don't administer medicine randomly.

Let’s talk about medium-colored green feces. In late autumn and early winter, pigeons will produce normal green feces due to changes in the absorption of the digestive system. This feces is odorless and has obvious traces of digested feed. So there doesn't need to be any tension.

The last one is watery green stool. This situation has become more common in the past two years. It is also more troublesome to treat. Watery green stool can be divided into: watery mucus-shaped stool and foamy green stool.

The first type is generally called leptospirosis. It is characterized by yellowing of the oral mucosa, conjunctiva of the eyes, and skin. A type of chlamydial infection. It can be treated with chloramphenicol or chlortetracycline, especially chlortetracycline. Another symptom of green stool is green watery stool, which is in the shape of segments. This is generally an infection with Strongyloides radiata. Relatively easy to treat. Just use levamisole.

Foamy green stool is the most troublesome and is most likely Newcastle disease. There is no specific medicine to treat it. It can only be prevented with vaccines in the early stages.

In addition, copper poisoning can also cause green feces in pigeons. But it was very dark, runny feces. Treatment method: Use 0.5 grams of magnesium sulfate, a laxative, and feed it to the pigeons. At the same time, patients with severe poisoning should be treated with cardiotonic drugs.

1. Pathogen: Salmonella belongs to the family Enterobacteriaceae and mainly lives in the intestines. Salmonella mainly enters the pigeon body through the following methods:

(1) Oral infection, which occurs through Salmonella contaminating feed or drinking water, kissing each other, and feeding young pigeons.

(2) Airborne infection, inhalation of dust containing pathogens through the respiratory tract.

(3) Vertical infection: Female pigeons infected with Salmonella pass the pathogen to pigeon eggs through the ovaries and fallopian tubes, causing the young pigeons to become infected.

2. Symptoms and diagnosis: According to the location of pathological changes, there are 4 common types of salmonellosis, and sometimes all types occur at the same time.

(1) Enteric type: Typical diarrhea occurs, in which slurry undigested feed ingredients are wrapped in mucus, surrounded by viscous or watery, brown, foamy and foul-smelling liquid. Note that green stool is not a characteristic symptom of this disease. Because this color is due to bile and is seen at irregular feeding times or when the feed is changed and in all diseases associated with enteritis and reduced food intake. Typical diarrhea causes rapid weight loss in pigeons, and this phenomenon is especially noticeable in pigeons suffering from paratyphoid fever.

(2) Arthritis type: Salmonella parasitizes in the joints, causing severe inflammation and swelling of the joints, which is manifested by hanging the wings or lifting the legs, especially the elbow joints and ankle joints.

(3) Visceral type: Salmonella invades the liver, kidney, spleen, heart and pancreas, forming liver tumors, greasy, gray-yellow needles to hazelnut-sized nodules. The sick pigeons are listless and have difficulty breathing. Symptoms such as progressive weakness.

(4) Nervous type: Salmonella infection enters the brain and bone marrow, causing inflammation, nerve fibers are compressed, and symptoms such as paralysis or head turning occur.

Severe death during the brooding period or poor development of young pigeons may be suspected of the presence of Salmonella. When pigeons have typical diarrhea and symptoms of paralysis of wings and legs, pigeon breeders should pay more attention to the occurrence of this disease. Possible, but attention should be paid to type identification: diarrhea caused by enteric paratyphoid has similar symptoms to diarrhea caused by capillariasis, ascariasis or coccidiosis. The appearance of the feces of the latter diseases is different from that of the former. The feces of salmonellosis contain more water, while the feces of typical paratyphoid fever are mucus and foamy. Neurogenic Salmonella should be distinguished from pigeon pox, nutritional deficiencies and various poisoning diseases. The incidence of neurogenic salmonellosis in pigeons is generally about 5%, while the incidence of neurogenic pigeon plague is generally more than 20%. Gout also produces swollen, painful joints like salmonellosis, but in gout the joints swell as hard as bone. In young pigeons, Salmonella has a short course of disease and can quickly cause death of young pigeons, so it is difficult to see obvious clinical symptoms. This situation is similar to acute bird plague. At this time, only bacteriological testing methods can be used for differential diagnosis.

3. Prevention and control measures: For the prevention of this disease, we should focus on daily epidemic prevention and hygiene work, strengthen feeding and management, and improve the environmental sanitation of the pigeon farm; do not buy from pigeon farms with this disease When breeding pigeons are introduced, they should be isolated for observation and quarantine; it is best not to mix pigeons with poultry, nor to keep them adjacent to each other, so as not to cause other diseases and cause unnecessary trouble. Young pigeons that have suffered from this disease cannot be kept for breeding to prevent transmission through pigeon eggs. When sick pigeons are found, they must be immediately isolated and the entire site disinfected. Generally, 20% fresh lime milk can be used to disinfect the floor, pigeon cages, feces, etc., once a day, and then be fully disinfected until the epidemic subsides. The disinfectant can also be 1:400 antiviral or Other commonly used disinfectants can be used. Do not let the feces of sick pigeons contaminate drinking water, feed and health care sand. Drug treatment can reduce deaths and control the development and spread of the disease, but it cannot eliminate the pathogenic bacteria in the pigeons. Select the following medicines, all of which have certain curative effects.

① For large group treatment, Yifu Ling (949) can be used. Add 50 kg of water to each 100 ml bottle and drink it or mix it for 3-5 days; when treating individual or small numbers, it can also be injected intramuscularly, according to the weight per kilogram of body weight. Injecting 0.1-0.2 ml usually heals after just one injection. In some cases, it can be re-injected once every other day, and the effect is remarkable.

② 15 mg of chlortetracycline per animal per day, orally administered in 3 times for 4-5 days; or mixed with 0.2% in feed and fed for 5-7 days.

③ Take 15 mg of chloramphenicol per animal, 3 times a day, for 4-5 days; or mix the feed with a ratio of 0.2, feed it evenly, and feed it continuously for 5-7 days as a course of treatment.

④ 2. Mix 50 grams of ciprofloxacin premix evenly into 20 kilograms of feed and feed it for 2-3 days.

⑤ Mix the feed with norfloxacin at a ratio of 0.007-0.01 and feed it continuously for 3-?5 days.

⑥ Furazolidone (furazolidone) in drinking water, the concentration is 0.01-0.02, used for 3-4 days; the mixing ratio is 0.02-0.04.

⑦ Sulfadiazine plus antibacterial synergist (5:1) is mixed into the feed in a ratio of 0.5 and used for 5 days.

⑧ Add 25 kilograms of water to each vial of the powerful anti-therapeutic agent and drink it freely for 3-5 days.

⑨ Feed streptomycin for 3 days, 160,000 units per animal on the first day, and 85,000 units per animal per day thereafter, divided into 2 doses per day.

⑩ Others such as gentamicin, kanamycin, orofoxin, norfloxacin lactate, holafloxacin, etc. can be used.

(1) Prevention: ① Strengthen feeding and management, often use enzymatic active bacteria, two-in-one, beneficial enzyme multi-dimensional electrolytes or strengthened liver essence and other health products to enhance the physique of racing pigeons, which can effectively prevent the disease. occur.

②Drug prevention can be sterilization, adenovirus killing, bacteriocin or dysentery, strictly follow the preventive dosage in the instructions.

(2) Treatment: This disease can be effectively treated by sterilizing net, bactericidal antibiotics, adenovirus killing star or fendiasis. After curing, use Strengthening Liver Essence or Yishen Ling to protect the liver and detoxify, so that the racing pigeons can recover quickly.