The Influence of Agriculture on China

After gaining political independence, developing countries have generally embarked on the road of seeking industrial development. In this process, "industrialization is everything", and the development of agriculture is almost ignored. In some countries, there is even a tendency that "heavy industry inhibits agriculture", which sacrifices agriculture and develops industry, leading to agricultural backwardness. The stagnation and backwardness of agriculture fundamentally restricts the overall economic development of developing countries and hinders the realization of modernization in developing countries. As some foreign scholars have pointed out, the poor economic situation of developing countries for a period of time after the Second World War is inseparable from the mistakes of agricultural policies.

After the late 1970s, with the requirements of the overall economic development of developing countries for agriculture, agricultural development began to become an important part of economic development, and the formulation and implementation of feasible agricultural development strategies began to become the key content of agricultural development, and the close interaction between agricultural development and industrial development began to become an important aspect of realizing modernization. Exploring the problems existing in agricultural development in developing countries, changing agricultural development strategy and implementing agricultural industrialization development strategy are of great reference significance for building a well-off society in an all-round way and solving the three rural issues in China.

I. Problems in Agricultural Development in Developing Countries

Developing countries are basically backward agricultural countries. After World War II, when they embarked on the road of industrial development, they were basically influenced by the theories of "industry-only", "capital-only" and "planning-only" of western development economists, or by the idea of "giving priority to developing heavy industry" of the former Soviet Union. They didn't correctly handle the relationship between industry and agriculture. Heavy industry neglected agriculture, which made the already backward agriculture even more backward.

In terms of productivity, the improvement of agricultural labor productivity in developing countries is generally slow, on the one hand, because the level of agricultural labor productivity in developing countries depends largely on the per capita cultivated land area. According to the survey, the more arable land per capita, the higher the level of agricultural labor productivity. For example, in the Philippines of Asia, the average cultivated land per male agricultural labor force is 2.6 hectares, and the agricultural labor productivity reaches 4.9%; In Madagascar, Africa, the average cultivated land area per male agricultural labor force is 43.2 hectares, and the agricultural labor productivity can reach10.5%; In Argentina, Latin America, the average cultivated land area per male agricultural labor force reached 102.5 hectares, and the agricultural labor productivity reached 64.4%. It can be seen that the amount of cultivated land has become a factor to measure agricultural labor productivity. On the other hand, because the proportion of modern agriculture in the agricultural field is too small, backward traditional agriculture occupies a dominant position in the agricultural field. In developing countries, backward traditional agriculture is characterized by abundant labor force, shortage of funds, narrow production scale, backward technology, low level of farmers' culture and technology, underdeveloped transportation, shortage of posts and telecommunications, backward culture and education, and blocked information exchange. , resulting in slow improvement of agricultural labor productivity and restricting the development of the whole national economy.