What folk culture are there in Xinzhou, Wuhan?

Xinzhou is a suburb of Wuhan, bordering the middle reaches of the Yangtze River in the south, Dabie Mountain in the north, Wuhan in the west and Huangzhou and Ezhou in the east. Total area 1479 km2, population 900,000. Xinzhou County has mild climate, fertile land, dotted ponds and lakes, beautiful scenery and rich tourism resources.

Xinzhou used to be an ancient city, and the old street is located at the intersection of the southern end of Dabie Mountain and the plain. In ancient times, it was an important transportation and business center in eastern Hubei, with rich landscape resources and profound historical and cultural heritage.

The legend of "incense" in 800 years: Flower Festival develops folk culture.

The old street flower show originated from Diqingfu Temple Fair in Xichun period of Southern Song Dynasty at the latest. It is named after the birthday of Baihua on February 15th of the lunar calendar, and it has a history of more than 800 years. At the beginning, temples, as venues for activities, had a strong religious color. The Great Temple, also known as the Wusangong Temple, was famous for its strong incense in the Song Dynasty, but it was gradually destroyed and declined. During the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, Buddhism rose again in the old street, and 53 surnames nearby, Qi Xin, cooperated to rebuild the temple. The number of people who burn incense and pray for Buddha has also increased. Once, believers gathered together and formed their own temple fairs with different contents and forms.

Every morning, people who eat Yuanxiao gather inside and outside the temple. After bathing and fasting, good men and women all go to the temple to worship; Generally, people who are in a hurry are sightseeing near the temple. In front of the temple opposite the holy emperor, there is a cycas. 2 meters high, iron branches and leaves staggered, and an oil lamp was lit between every three leaves. In the evening, people in a hurry are rushing to light the light on the Cycas, and in an instant, the fire tree is exquisite. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, farmers from Daqishan, Quanhuashan, Camus and Tieye in Huanggang, a neighboring county, also came here to market, and when they came, they sold some bamboo and wood utensils. People in Wuhan, Huangpi, Susong, Taihu Lake and other places in Anhui Province also heard about the flood. They brought bronze and iron. During the period of the Republic of China, silks and satins from Jiangsu, Xiang embroidery from Hunan, auricularia auricula and mushrooms from Anhui and Henan all came to the old street for fair, which filled the whole flower market with the color of barter. The duration of the meeting will also be changed from February 15 to 14 to 16 days as needed. Due to the addition of new contents such as material exchange and mass cultural activities, the Old Street Flower Festival attracts tourists and businessmen from all directions with its new charm. During the temple fair, tourists are woven and merchants are like clouds. Mountain products has a dazzling array of local products, and the venue has been moved from inside and outside the Great Temple to the open floodplain. There is also a stage to entertain, as well as various word-testing stalls, tea stalls and food stalls. Tourists and businessmen all take what they need, improvise and enjoy themselves.

Paizi gongs and drums

Developed from the interpretation of ancient drum music. Emperor Ming of the Tang Dynasty (Xuanzong Li Longji) introduced folk gongs and drums to the court, composed music according to the court poems and songs, and wrote it on the wooden sign for comparison when playing, hence the name "Pai Gong and Drum". Later, Emperor Tang Ming named the composer "Lao Lang" and designated 18 in March of the lunar calendar as the anniversary of "Lao Lang". Since then, the brand gongs and drums have spread from the palace to the people, mostly used for weddings, funerals, birthdays, sacrifices and other ceremonies. Brand gongs and drums are composed of a big gong, a big drum, a big cymbal, a small gong, a horse gong and two suona, played by seven people. Later, the big gongs, drums and cymbals were changed to Beijing gongs, small halls and cymbals, and big horns, cushion cymbals and chimes were added, with 10 people playing. When playing the lyrics, the voice is rhythmic, the level is rigorous, and it sounds good. Xinzhou District now has more than 200 sets of brand gongs and drums and nearly 2,000 artists, and has established a "brand gongs and drums" association and a "brand gongs and drums team" in the whole district.

Xinzhou's brand gongs and drums are bounded by the Jushui River, which runs through the whole territory, forming two schools with different styles in East and West. Dongluzi brand gongs and drums to the east of Jushui are deep and vigorous, and the rhythm is slow and natural; "Journey to the West" is performed by the people, delicate and euphemistic, exquisite and elegant, lively and lively.

Chen Zidun in Shuanghe Village, Bukong Town, was exclusively customized for Tiger Mother, and was named after Chen Youliang who was stationed here. Later, Zhang moved here to live together, and the village name was still Chen Zidun, but none of them were surnamed Chen. There are seven big houses in the village with more than 300 households, including more than 50 households with two rooms. There is a strange and unreasonable custom to call "sister" and "mother". It is said that this custom is unique and can't be found anywhere else.

During the reign of Shunzhi in Qing Dynasty, there was a man named Zhang in Zhang Erfu, who was an official in Jiangxi and was closely related to a Manchu Huangqitai. Daotai lived in Jiangxi for a long time and was respected in his later years. In their spare time, they drink and write poems, travel around the mountains, and even call each other brothers, becoming friends who forget the new year. Daotai has a daughter who is very considerate. When she stayed in the boudoir and saw Zhang Wencai's outstanding personality, she had a heart of admiration. When Zhang saw his beauty, he was also flustered and had an intention.

One day, the young lady made a private appointment with Zhang and asked Zhang to propose to the Taoist platform. Zhang Ji confessed "three taboos": stop your wife from remarrying and be ashamed of dross; Uncle incest, afraid of being cast aside by the world; Third, Manchu and Han are not allowed to marry, which is a general violation of national laws and is life-threatening. Unexpectedly, the young lady is driven by love, and her infatuation is hard to change. She even ran away with Zhang at the risk of reputation and life and death. After marriage, the situation is extremely embarrassing. It is unreasonable to be a wife and maid. Call her sister up and down to confuse people.

In addition, after finding the missing woman, her family was strictly ordered to chase her day and night. On this day, Zhang's boat entered the lake, only to be surrounded by pursuers. Zhang thinks he can't escape this fate, so he invites the young lady to discuss the plan. The young lady knew that the disaster was imminent and said decisively, "The disaster began with me. Only by giving up on me can you come out. " Du couldn't decide for a moment, so the young lady grabbed the bow and tied the iron anchor to her body. Later, she said to Du, "I was born as a Zhang family and died as a ghost. It's a sincere memory for me to just let the Zhang family call her mother and sister. And future generations will be developed, otherwise ... "Say and jump into the lake.

Soon, the ship caught up, and the search was fruitless, so I had to leave. Zhang ordered the body of Miss Zhang to be salvaged, brought back to Chendun and buried in the south of the village, and told future generations to call her "Sister".

People in the second family in Jason were deeply moved by Miss Zhang's heroic behavior. From then on, they all called her "mom" and "mom" and called the land where she was buried her sister's grave. Go to my sister's grave first every year. This custom has been passed down to this day.

No, there is a cursed river.

It sounds vulgar and ridiculous, but it does exist, and it is a folk custom in Xinzhou for nearly three centuries, full of jokes.

According to legend, a girl from Liuli Village was married to Taosheng Liucun in a cold winter during the reign of Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty. Because it was freezing, the small wooden bridge was narrow and slippery, so the bearers had to carry the sedan chair across the river, walked to the middle of the river and accidentally fell into a deep puddle. After a while, the sedan chair was filled with water. The bearers were soaked to the skin and shivering with cold, and their hands and feet were numb. They couldn't lift the increasingly heavy sedan chair, so they had to abandon it and go home separately. The bride locked in the sedan chair cried and froze to death in the sedan chair. The family members of both men and women had a dispute over the aftermath of the body collection, which led to the people and sedan chairs being put on hold in the river for several days. The villagers were very angry with both families, and they agreed to bury the bride's body and sedan chair together by the river and on the beach. Unexpectedly, in the middle of the night, someone heard the shrill cry of the woman from the river. The wizard took the opportunity to walk around and said that in order to avoid disaster, residents on both sides of the strait must scold each other for one day. Otherwise, if you don't scold, you will drown people in the river; If you don't attend, the ghost will come to you. So rumors spread everywhere, and many people were skeptical. Coincidentally, in the second year, it rained heavily, the river surged, the rapids whirled, a ferry was sunk by turbid waves, and two people were drowned on the spot.

The rumor seems to have been confirmed by this accident, so it spread more and more. In order to avoid disaster, the residents on both sides of the strait, after deliberation, invited wizards to count on their fingers and decided that the fifteenth day of the first month of each year was "Mother Curse Day", which had the best effect. Since then, the agreement has become a custom and has continued from generation to generation. The bitch river came out like this. This custom disappeared after liberation.

Xinzhou Bashibahang

Eighty-eight lines is an art of self-entertainment square popular in eastern Hubei. Because it is sung during the Lantern Festival, it is also called Lantern Opera or Lantern Tune. Eighty-eight lines originated in Qianlong and Jiaqing years of Qing Dynasty and prevailed in Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, with a history of more than 200 years.

There are many industries on Line 88, including agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, by-fishing, handicraft labor, business activities, fairy tales and so on. Because the industry is complex, it is named eighty-eight lines. The 88-line repertoire is rich, the ideological content is healthy, the melody is beautiful and the rhythm is lively; The performance is simple, natural and humorous.

At the end of the Qing dynasty, eighty-eight lines were in China. Except Xinzhou, other counties in eastern Hubei are basically extinct.

There are 88 lines in Xinzhou, which are mainly distributed in towns and villages such as Yangcangbu, Bukong, Wang Ji and Zhangdian to the west of qu shui River. Although there are many examples of East, there are few. Only Gugangshan Village is left. Its gameplay is divided into canyon categories, one is unilateral gameplay, that is, one-man show; One kind is a small drama, that is, a passbook drama. There are more than 200 unilateral dramas, including selling flowers, tea, picking tea, cart, plum blossom, lotus-beating and tooth-picking insects. There are more than 65,438+050 repertoires, such as filling bowls, herding cattle, selling cotton yarn, beating tofu, beating flower drums, playing Baha 'i, playing 18 balas, and watching lights by couples. Most of the above operas have been absorbed by "Lord Chu", Huangmei Opera, East Luzi ancient paintings and other operas.

Folk stilt pavilion

Stilts are a kind of traditional folk literature and art that Chinese people love to see and hear. However, few people know about diaojiao building. The stilt pavilion, also known as the stilt spindle, is named because it is as quiet as a pavilion and as moving as an ingot. Stilts Hall is a traditional folk art in Bukong Village, Di Wei. It is said that it is borrowed from Jiangxi Old Watch, which has a history of more than 400 years. From generation to generation, it is a stunt. During the slack season or the Spring Festival, men, women and children in Di Wei Village gather in rice fields, beating gongs and drums, setting off firecrackers, and performing stilt pavilions to entertain themselves.

Its performance is that five adults stand on a one-meter-high wooden stilts, hanging a colorful circle made of red and green silk, with a square waist and a "mountain" or "out" shaped iron frame on their shoulders. Three or five children from 65,438+000 days to three years old are sitting on the frame respectively. The villagers rushed to send their children to the pavilion, which was a celebration and good luck. Children are wearing new clothes, red faces and colored balls, just like flowers on iron branches. With the rhythm of gongs and drums, people on stilts are dancing, sometimes spreading their wings like a phoenix, and sometimes standing proudly like a peacock. The thrilling action of one stroke and one style makes the audience's heart beat up and down. At the same time, the children on the back frame made the audience's heart beat up and down with their thrilling movements. At the same time, the children on the back frame, their hands folded, kept rolling forward to pay New Year greetings or congratulations, like a spinning spindle, dazzling; Too small to move, let it go, some smile, as if in return for the audience, some babble, as if birds are noisy, while others take it calmly, as if dismissing the happy crowd. The children's childish behavior made the audience laugh.

A returned overseas Chinese watched their performance and repeatedly praised: "After watching the empty stilt pavilion, there is no need to watch stilts in the world!"

Probe into Confucius Temple

Out of the East Gate of Xinzhou City, walk along the highway through Sihezhuang to Laojie Town, and walk five kilometers south to Confucius River Street. There is a mountain behind the street, named Confucius Mountain. There is a large overlapping ancient building on the mountainside, which is known as the Confucian Temple.

According to legend, at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, Confucius led a group of disciples to travel around the world, took a carriage, came to Chu from between Chen and Cai, passed through the old street, and walked to a place not far south of the old street. On the road, they met a group of children who built a stone for the city and blocked the way of the car. Confucius asked the children to move stones. One of the seven-year-old children named Xiang Tuo answered Confucius, "Is the city giving way to cars or cars giving way to cities?" Confucius was speechless and had to make a detour. Because the car turned too fast, the axle was twisted and the car couldn't run. Confucius ordered Luz to borrow an axe from a nearby village to repair the car. When Luz entered the village, he met a middle-aged woman and said, "Sister-in-law, I need to borrow something!" " "The village woman took out an axe and gave it to him without asking. Lutz asked strangely, "How did you know I wanted to borrow an axe? "The village woman replied," The east is the wood of the east, the west is the gold of the west, the handle of the axe is wood, and the axe is iron. Lutz listened to praise: "This place is really talented! "Later, people called Confucius' detour to the port, and the broken car was called the sleeping car.

After the car was repaired, Confucius and his party moved on. After walking a few miles, I met a river, and the current was fast, and I didn't know the ferry. Confucius sent Luz to ask for help. Luz asked two old men who had done farm work before he knew about the ferry. Unexpectedly, when the boat reached the middle of the river, a gust of wind overturned the car, and all the books on it fell into the water and soaked. Confucius urgently ordered his entourage to move the book to Beishan to dry, and looked back and sighed. Later, people built a temple here called the Confucian Temple. Where Confucius crossed the river, he built a bridge called Kongtan Bridge. Lutz's place of interest is called Lutz's place of interest; The places where the two old people work are called Chang Juchong and Jie Shuishui. The place where books are printed is called Yinshu Mountain; The stone on which Confucius sits and rests is called a sitting stone. This river, which is more than 20 Li Long, is called Confucius River.

Cultural relics landscape

There are 7 cultural relics protection units at or above the municipal level in the whole region. Among them, the ancient buildings of Jinwen Academy are provincial-level cultural relics protection units. Municipal cultural relics protection units include Zhushan site, Fenghuang Lake (Erdun) site, Xufu, Zhagang ancient tomb, Dadun (Tuandun) site and Fengchenzhai site.

The main tourist attractions are the Daoguan River scenic tourist area in the east. The scenic spot consists of 72 beautiful peaks and an artificial lake with vast waters. There are more than 20 tourist attractions such as Hoonji, World Gem Expo, Xia Zi Temple in Tang Dynasty, Baoanzhai Forest Park, the grotesque stone cow inscribed by Qianlong, and the open-air giant Buddha. The Ten Thousand Pagodas and Wuhan Film and Television City are under construction. The scenic spot is connected with Jiangjunshan National Forest Park and Zhangdu Lake ecological wonders three-dimensional forestry. There are villas, resorts, hotels, restaurants and other tourist service facilities in the area. 70km eastbound from Wuhan, along Han Shi Highway and across Zhucheng Street, you can reach the scenic spot directly.

The main landmark buildings are People's Square, Telecom Office Building, Zhucheng Street and Yanhe Style Avenue.

Minte products

The main famous industrial products are Lux brand transport vehicle, Flywheel brand vice, Jinniu brand flat vulcanizer, Taojinpai vegetable oil leaching equipment, Taojinpai vacuum dryer, Jinji brand active yeast, combined series rice mill, cylinder mattress, Shi Yu brand cement, Longwangpai potassium sulfate compound fertilizer, etc. Famous agricultural products include Wangji Chicken Soup, Li Jixiang Onion, Xugu Mushroom, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, Qiu Shi Kimchi, Zhangdian Fish Noodles, Longwang An Baili, Zhangduhu Mandarin Fish, high-quality rapeseed, Dongshan famous sun-dried tobacco leaves, lead-free preserved eggs, Xinchong, Lotus Root Shuangyou, Cat Chicken Soup, Tacun Rice Fried and Zhangdian Fishing.