Eulogy Wen Tianxiang

What really makes my heart beat is that he lived 760 years. For more than seven centuries, an immortal life has spanned the Yuan, Ming, Qing and Republic of China since the Southern Song Dynasty, and will disappear with endless years. He was born in 1236. When he was born, the Lin 'an court, which made Hangzhou a Bianzhou, was in danger. People expect him to turn Gan Kun around and help the building collapse. But after all, he failed, and he could not continue the state of Zhao and Song for the rest of his life. He became a cuckoo at the age of 47. When he died, no, when he went to live forever, another pillar was erected in the spiritual territory of Kyushu people, which workers could not touch.

He came from the top of the list, and his pen is of course vigorous. I don't know how much brilliant pen and ink he left in his life. However, what really deserves his 760-year-old life is his great Song on the Sea. It was 1279, the first month of the lunar calendar, and he was defeated and captured, which happened to be the end of his heroic life. Under the escort of the Yuan army, the clouds crashed on the cliff mountain. Like the waves of ink, you overthrew the Longting of Song Dynasty, and you swallowed the heart of the lonely minister. This time, "a hundred years of life, Wan Li is out of reach." "The martyrs are doomed, and the Tao shines through the ages in the light." Without the slightest embarrassment, in this do or die, he calmly chose to live and die with the country and the nation. But see, a cavity of loyalty, roared out from the chest, falling between the papers, into the unique sound of Lu Huang. This is the seven laws that shine through the ages, "crossing the ocean": "Once you work hard, there will be few stars around. The mountains and rivers are broken and the wind is floating, and life experiences are ups and downs. The beach of fear says fear, and there is a sigh in the ocean. Who hasn't died since ancient times? Take the heart of Dan and shine on history! "

What would happen if Wen Tianxiang died at this time? There is no doubt that he can live forever. The adherents of the Southern Song Dynasty knew this well. As a result, his comrade-in-arms, Wang Luling, posted dozens of "The Prime Minister's Birthday Book" on his way north, shouting: "The Prime Minister can die!" Urge him to sacrifice his life for justice and save the festival. He doesn't understand it himself. Therefore, along the way, it is both taking poison and hunger strike, claiming that "there is only death, not life." However, wait a minute-throughout history, we can only understand it this way-the sun and the moon will absorb more glory from his life; Society should absorb more calcium from his spirit; Pangu's axe needs a new whetstone; The Yangtze River and the Yellow River yearn for more magnificent notes. In a word, his mission is not over yet. So, in June 5438+the same year 10, he arrived in Yanjing, the capital of the Yuan Dynasty, in a state of wanting to die but unable to escape.

two

In the north, the test of his personality is more severe than beheading. Seduction and surrender have no sword, but they can kill a person's soul. But see, lobbyists of various identities take turns to come to the door, dreaming of inflammation, which is the first "trump card" played by Yuan people. Who is Liu? This man is not mortal. At the beginning, he and Wen Tianxiang were both prime ministers of the Southern Song Dynasty. However, these two comrades are different. This is the prime minister who stayed in a big country. As early as A.D. 1275, he colluded with Chen, the spy, and secretly planned to reduce the Yuan. To this end, he tried to interfere with Wen Tianxiang's army naked, and then abandoned the city, abandoned the post and fled. When Lin 'an fell, he took his hometown of Quzhou as a gift and became a vassal of Mengyuan.

As soon as Liu saw Wen Tianxiang, he couldn't wait to promote his tumbler philosophy. He said, "Believing in the Lord protector, the Great Song Dynasty has been destroyed, the Emperor Gong has been abolished and the Second Emperor has collapsed. The world has all been returned to the dream circle. What's the use if you insist on it alone? " That vegetation is indeed Zhao's vegetation, but the sun and moon are already Kublai Khan's sun and moon. "

Tianxiang turned around and gave him only a cold back. Really, how can you tell Kuihuo to talk to the dog tail grass? How do you let the stone argue with the dirty soil? The descendants of Liu and others played a role in Naizu's surrender philosophy. The most vivid and straightforward thing is that "milk is mother". I'm afraid this "milk" is calcium-deficient, and their bones will never develop. This generation of spiritual dwarfs, where do you know Wen Tianxiang's "Millennium Sea, Jingwei is my soul!" Where to smell it? "Who hasn't died since ancient times? Take the heart of Dan and shine on history! "

Unreasonable dreams are still chattering and noisy. Tianxiang couldn't help burning with anger. Looking back, Ji pointed to Liu and said, "Did you come here today to show me this road? You traitor, betray your country, your ancestors and your body! As an important minister of the Song Dynasty, you betrayed Song, but betrayed your country? Selling Quzhou as a common people, but selling ancestors? As a Han Chinese, you sell the Han Festival, but you sell yourself? ……"

"You, you, you-,the old lady meant well, so you don't have to listen. Why do you want a dirty lie? " Love love love is thick-skinned, and he can't let go of Wen Tianxiang. At present, his face is white and red, and he bows his head and scurries.

Nine-year-old Zhao Xian is Yuan's trump card without quotation marks. Emperor Xiao Gong of the Southern Song Dynasty did not catch up with the days when the country was rich and strong, and the days when the country perished did not seem to be too painful. The attachment of Li Yu, the queen of the Southern Tang Dynasty, is exactly the same as the death of the country and the abolition of the emperor: "When is the spring flower and the autumn moon?" What do you know about the past! The small building was easterly again last night, and the old country could not bear to look back on the moon. The jade carving should still exist, but Zhu Yan changed it. Ask how much sorrow you can have, just like a river flowing eastward. " I'm afraid he knows neither dreams nor sadness. Meta-people think about leverage principle and waste utilization. For example, let him come forward to persuade Wen Tianxiang to submit as Old Master Q. As the old saying goes, everything has its vanquisher. Isn't Wen Tianxiang the most loyal to you? Look, who is here now?

Wen Tianxiang expected that Yuan people would make such a move. Therefore, I am psychologically prepared. He didn't wait for Zhao Xian to set foot on the steps of the pavilion, so he quickly crossed the threshold and took the initiative. However, when he grabbed the first few steps, blocked Zhao Xian, knelt down to the south, and called "Minister Wen Tianxiang to see the holy drive", he burst into tears. The little emperor was stunned by this sudden cry and stood there, unable to say a word.

Tianxiang crying is a strategy to make the old emperor Gong unable to speak. But he cried and cried, thinking that today's young master was made by people, but he didn't know that he fought bloody battles with Qian Qian's thousands of loyal ministers to defend Song Zhao! In an instant, all kinds of bitterness welled up in my heart, and I couldn't help moving my true feelings. I knelt down and cried for a long time, repeatedly shouting, "Please come back!" "

Zhao Xian panic here, the more you listen to crying, the more hair. He completely forgot what Yuan people taught him. After a while, I really couldn't stand Wen Tianxiang's repeated urging, so I said goodbye happily and turned away.

The activities of persuading surrender and seeking peace did not stop there. This is about Kublai Khan in Yuan Shizu, the grandson of Genghis Khan, a generation of arrogant people. In all fairness, Kublai Khan is also a generation of lean. He not only knows how to shoot an eagle with a bow, but also knows how to govern the world. Peter said that at present, he knows that taking over the Han Dynasty can not be unimpeded by the Mongols alone, but must rely on the Han people to implement "ruling the Han Dynasty with Han". Among the Han people, Wen Tianxiang is undoubtedly the most appealing and influential person who can help him consolidate the ruling order. Therefore, the more Tianxiang refuses to admit defeat, the more she wants to win over. Liu and Zhao Xian hit a brick wall twice. This time, he turned to Zhongshu Pingzhang to handle political affairs.

Many winners are arrogant. Don't be overbearing at this time, but when! Ama, surrounded by a group of current ministers, swaggered to the main hall of Huitong Pavilion to tell people about Wen Tianxiang.

After a while, Wen Tianxiang calmly stepped out. Although the clothes are thin, the brow and manners still do not lose the demeanor of a big country. Tianxiang stood in the hall, made a long bow to Ahema with the official ceremony of the Song Dynasty, and then took his seat calmly.

Grandma squinted at Wen Tianxiang and asked in a bad tone, "Wen, do you know who is talking to you?"

Tianxiang said with a smile, "I heard it was the Prime Minister."

"Knowing that I am the prime minister, why not kneel down? ! "

Tianxiang raised an eyebrow: "I am the prime minister of the Southern Dynasties. How can I kneel when the Prime Minister of the Southern Dynasty meets the Prime Minister of the Northern Dynasty? "

"Hey hey! Since you are the prime minister of the Southern Dynasties, how did you come here? ? "The horse shook the royal robe, shook the pearl crown and gave a playful howl.

Tianxiang looks like a cloud. When Amar laughed enough and couldn't stop laughing, he looked into his eyes:

"To tell you the truth, if the Southern Dynasties used me as the prime minister, you wouldn't have reached the South, and we wouldn't have fallen into this situation!"

Grandma was first stared at by Tianxiang with a shudder, and then she was angered by his answer, but she couldn't find anything to refute. Imagine that the generals who broke out on horseback on the grassland always read a few running scripts and thought they were no match for Jiangnan scholars. What's more, he is facing a completely unfamiliar language and behavior system today! Ama is helpless, so we have to throw a trump card:

"Lao tze not bicker with you. You know, your life is in my hands! "

This once again shows the shallowness of Ahema. Can a generation of strange people like Wen Tianxiang be frightened by beheading? ! Don't you know that "the high position is famous, and the martyr dies!" Wen Tianxiang could not have foreseen it. 700 years later, a man named Mao Zedong took the motto of Sima Qian, the Taishi Duke, as the highest realm of personality: "Everyone dies, or is heavier than Mount Tai or lighter than a feather". But when he was a child, he often used these poems to encourage himself: "success or failure in a thousand years is dust, so that people can't say they are husbands." "If death is a feather, if death is Mount Tai, it is a light weight for the sake of safety!"

Tianxiang listened to Ahema's threats, and he was really cocky, with a disdainful face: "Kill if you want. What are you talking about? "

The news was fed back to Kublai Khan. Father Meng Yuan, seeing that the inducement failed and the threat was ineffective, still refused to give up. This shows his foresight, the strategic vision of a generation of politicians, and also reflects a profound phenomenon: in the history of human development, the peak of power is often the leader of opposing factions, that is, the two peaks of confrontation, so that they can better understand and appreciate each other's value.

Kublai Khan had a plan, and ordered Wen Tianxiang to be handcuffed to a long cangue and sent to the military and horses prison.

In order to erode Wen Tianxiang's spirit and kill his spirit, it is also stipulated that servants are not allowed to take with them. He had to cook, cook tea, wash clothes and even clean the garden by himself.

A month later, they estimated that Wen Tianxiang couldn't stand this humiliation and must have changed his mind, so he asked the Prime Minister Kyle Polo to go out in person and wait for an opportunity to cross Wen Tianxiang to defect.

Historical records show that it was freezing and snowing. Wen Tianxiang took the jailer to the Privy Council. He saw that many people were sentenced and signed by the court except Kyle Poirot, Pingzhang and Zhang Hongfan. Tianxiang stopped in the middle of the hall and bowed deeply. General affairs (translation) drink a way:

"Kneel down!"

Tianxiang waved her hand slightly: "You northerners pay attention to kneeling, while we southerners pay attention to bowing. As a southerner, I naturally only go to Li Nan. "

Kyle Poirot was furious when he heard the translation of A General History. He learned a lesson from Ahmar and decided to show off first. So I called on Wen Tianxiang to kneel. Gather a few guards, procrastinating, pressure to pressure, drove Wen Tianxiang knees. However, kneeling is not true, Tianxiang still struggles to raise her head and shine majestic light with her eyes. Kyle Poirot sneered, "Wen Tianxiang, what do you have to say now?"

"There are ups and downs in the world. Since ancient times, emperors and generals have been killed because of national destruction. Which generation has not? " Tianxiang said loudly, "I am loyal to Dasong today, and I am a prisoner. I just want to die quickly. "

Kyle Poirot asked, "That's all, nothing else?"

Tianxiang said seriously, "I am the Prime Minister of the Song Dynasty, and my country is ruined. As far as my position is concerned, there is only one death, defeat and capture. According to the law, there is only one death. What else can I talk about! "

"You said there are ups and downs in the world. Let me ask you, how many emperors have there been since Pangu? " Kyle Poirot shook his head and assumed a learned attitude.

"Inexplicable!" Tianxiang showed infinite contempt. "The magnificent history of 17 years, where should I start?" I didn't come to the erudite macro department today, so I don't have time to chat with you! "

Kyle Poirot realized that this was a little beside the point. But he is the prime minister and has the important task of persuading surrender, so he has to be calm. Then, he tried his best to destroy Wen Tianxiang's self-esteem to lure him back. Really, the whole country has changed its name from Yuan to Song. Tian Xiang, are you still stubborn? At this juncture, as long as Wen Tianxiang's knees are slightly bent, he can immediately get high officials and high salaries. But, but his knees are not naturally bent to the enemy. "I also know that Chu is difficult to be imprisoned, but I was born with an inch of Dan!" "Loyalty to the liver, righteousness and bravery can't be shaped, and it is good for the world!" Wen Tianxiang made up his mind never to surrender. Kyle Polo couldn't stand this kind of stimulation, and finally went all the way back to Ahema. He stood up, swept away the cups and cups on the case, and shouted hysterically:

"Wen Tianxiang! You want to die, but I won't let you die! I want to imprison you, so that you can't beg for death or survive! "

Tianxianghaha's smile, from dreaminess to Zhao Xian to Ahema and then to Boluo, is enough to show him that the ruler of Mengyuan is at his wit's end. He looked up, showed his luck, and shocked the roof tiles:

"Wen died and died without fear. What can you do to me if you are imprisoned? "

three

The long prison life began.

From the point of view of civilization and culture, this is a disaster for mankind. People who have been dead for 700 years are still shining, and they will still be as bright as diamonds in another 700 years. At that time, the peak of his life was strangled by a narrow dungeon. Wait, from the perspective of civilization and culture, this is another great pride of mankind. In the Southern Song Dynasty, no, up to now, the personality with the most typical value on the altar of eastern patriotism was precisely enriched and perfected in the purgatory where the military strategists were separated in the Yuan Dynasty.

When it comes to Wen Tianxiang's noble personality, we can't help but think of those earth-shattering poems. Please allow me to turn my pen a little here. Throughout the history of world literature, the most tragic and sonorous poems are often delivered in the most intense and painful whirlpool of life. Because what is written is not a pen, but a desperate life. In this respect, readers are familiar with the example of China, so I won't mention it. Foreign countries are too big, so let's draw a small circle, limited to Wen Tianxiang's era. I think of the world-class Italian poet Dante. His Divine Comedy is of epoch-making significance in the history of European literature, which was conceived in the suffering stage of exile. The circle can be smaller, such as the Venetian traveler Kyle Poirot, who arrived in Yanjing only four years earlier than Wen Tianxiang, and later dictated his world-famous travel notes in Genoa prison. Sima Qian, the Taishi Gong mentioned earlier in this article, and Li Yu, the empress of the Southern Tang Dynasty, are no exception. They wrote epic works only after being punished and subjugated. Look at Wen Tianxiang, too. Among his poems handed down from generation to generation, I think two are the most impressive. First, it is the "crossing the ocean" mentioned above; Secondly, the song of justice written in prison.

Do you want to know the creative process of Song Zhengqi? It should be said that Wen Tianxiang has been brewing and conceiving for a long time. Let's shake the camera to a night in the late summer of 128 1 year. That day, the prison was so hot that I couldn't sleep. He rolled over and sat up, lit the oil lamp on the case and took out some poems to sing. Gradually, he forgot the hot air and evil spirits around him, as if he had returned to his boyhood of "dreaming of Yilu every night" and became a promising young champion again. He also wrote a letter to remonstrate, denounced the yes-men, advocated reform, shed blood, fought bloody battles, and lamented generously ... At this time, the golden whip was lit in the air. He jumped up, spread out the paper and ink, raised his pen and hung his wrist straight:

"Heaven and earth have righteousness, but there are differences.

Below is the Yuehe River, and above is the sun star.

People call it awe, which is overwhelming.

The road to the emperor should be clear, including the Ming court. "

Wen Tianxiang pen for a moment, lost in thought. He remembered the heroes and heroines of the former dynasty who were familiar to him since childhood: Qi Taishi in the Spring and Autumn Period, Dong Hu in the Jin Dynasty, Sean in the Warring States Period, Su Wu in the Han Dynasty, Yan Yan, Ning Guan and Zhuge Liang in the Three Kingdoms Period, Ji Shao and Zu Ti in the Jin Dynasty, Zhang Xun, Yan Gaoqing and Duan Shi Xiu in the Tang Dynasty. He felt that the twelve sages were everywhere, and the sun and the moon were illuminated by their actions. History has shown it thousands of times, thousands of times; Once two healthy personalities meet, they are like two surging waves, which excite each other on the ocean, just like two elementary particles colliding in a high-energy state. Who can accurately estimate the energy it contains! Another flash of lightning flashed through the air, instantly illuminating the dungeon as day, and Wen Tianxiang wrote a book:

"When the poor festival is to see, one by one.

In the bamboo slips of Qi Taishi, in the Hu Bi in the east of Jin Dynasty,

Liangzhu in zhangqin, Suwu Festival in Han ... "

A string of thunder and lightning exploded in the sky, and the wind kept the lights swaying. Wen Tianxiang's figure was projected onto the wall and turned into various tall shapes. He continued to bend down to read crazy books:

"It is the majestic spirit that lasts forever;

When it runs through the sun and the moon, life and death are at peace.

Di Wei depends on it, Tianzhu depends on it;

Three cardinal principles are life, and morality is the root ... "

Outside, the sudden rain began to beat the earth. Indoor, you can also see Tianxiang's forehead sweating like rain. However, he didn't wipe it, but kept writing the dragon and snake away. The strong wind blew open the prison door, messed up his hair, inflated his clothes, and blew the manuscript of the case all over the room. He was fascinated by his own eyes and didn't notice it. The righteousness between heaven and earth, the righteousness of sages, seems to be poured into his limbs!

Aha, the infinite literary treasures of ancient and modern times will be eclipsed here. This is not an ordinary poem, but the generous roar of the Chinese nation. At the critical moment of historical development, the national spirit often introduces some people to speak for the society. From time to time, it sang "How hard it is for the people to live" through Qu Yuan's mouth, and from time to time, it sang "How can the Huns be home before they are extinct!" This time, it was Wen Tianxiang who sang "Song Zhengqi". When the song is in the air, it becomes a rainbow; When a song falls to the ground, it becomes a stone. Qianshan of Wuyue has increased his height because of this song; Because of this song, the Big Dipper becomes clearer and clearer. Benevolent people in the former dynasty shined brilliantly because of this song; Because of this song, people with lofty ideals in later generations have a stronger backbone. At this point, Wen Tianxiang can be "benevolent" and die calmly. He has completed his mission on earth and is about to enter the glorious kingdom of heaven.

"Philosophers are distant and typical of the past.

Reading on the eaves of the wind, painting on the ancient road. "

After writing the last four sentences, Wen Tianxiang whistled. It's raining cats and dogs outside, mixed with devastating lightning, and heaven and earth seem to be falling apart. Tian Xiang stands still and looks like a mountain!