What are the sexual customs of the Hani people?

1, Hani wedding

Every "Zallet" (October), aunts, nuns and all married women of Hani people all over the country will go back to their parents' homes to spend the holidays with their parents and brothers, so as to recognize their ancestors and return to their ancestors. Relatives of the bride's family cooked rich food for their hospitality.

According to the traditional custom of Hani men and women eating at separate tables, the hostess specially gave a separate banquet for the aunts who returned home. Many women are ashamed to eat chopsticks when facing a table of delicious food.

The hostess spread a banana leaf in front of everyone, and then picked up all kinds of delicious food on the table for the guests to enjoy as much as possible.

In front of the hostess's warm hospitality, the guest had to pick up a piece of food as if he were eating it. In fact, she didn't eat, but cleverly asked at the end of the rice bowl with food between her two fingers to show her gratitude.

There is also a wonderful love banquet in the social mate selection activities of young men and women in Honghe area, which hani language called "abbado".

Abbado is usually held in October. After consulting with a group of boys in the same village, a group of girls from distant villages were invited to "abbado" one night. At that time, there were 10 and 20 young girls dressed up and came to the man's village for dinner with torches.

The boys were ecstatic when they saw the girls being invited to dinner, so they set out some square tables in the brightly lit hotel. The table is filled with large pieces of bacon, dry bar, steamed carp, salted duck eggs, large pieces of fried tofu, large pieces of Baba, boiled cock, and all kinds of dishes that can be served on the table. Get ready, the party begins, and young men and women pair off.

There is a funny sommelier outside the table, filling the glass with wine in front of everyone. Immediately, the gang leader and the girl leader toasted and respected each other, and then sang and respected each other.

When a man and a woman toasted each other, other couples toasted each other and sang songs. After three rounds of wine, the girls left and waited until dawn in the east.

The gang wrapped all kinds of delicious food with banana leaves and gave them to the station ladies to eat on the road, and set a specific time to return to the girl village "Abaddo". Only then did the girls disappear at the end of the mountain road.

2. Ethnic festivals of Hani people

The grand traditional festivals of the Hani nationality include Bitter Zazha Festival (the Torch Festival on June 24th of the lunar calendar), October and the custom of drinking new valley wine.

At that time, singing and dancing, wrestling, autumn grinding and crossbow shooting will be very lively. During the Spring Festival, every household held a banquet in the street, and the dining tables became long queues. They held a long street banquet and drank street wine to celebrate the Spring Festival, which showed the spirit of love, unity and mutual assistance of the Hani people.

June one year

The national festival of the Hani nationality is called "Kuzaza", and the time is June 26th in the summer calendar, so it is also called "June Year".

June is also a happy festival. The red river area is called "bitter zhazha". The date is usually around June 24th, and the festival lasts three to six days.

During the festival, cows are sacrificed to the "autumn room" of the village, and beef farmers are separated to worship their ancestors. Young people get together to "swing", wrestling, hunting, singing folk songs, and have fun.

Legend has it that in ancient times, Hani people didn't know how many months a year should be divided into. Later, the sun and the moon taught the Hani how to divide the months. A tree planted in the world for a year counts as a trunk. The Hani people got the sixth branch. From then on, they celebrated "Kuzaza" in June.

He added that in the past, the seven fairies went to Hani Village and made a grinding gang. They took turns playing, which made the bird standing on the right laugh. The birds sang happily, and the songs touched the gods. The gods blessed the world ... People miss the Seven Fairies and play on the swings every year when they celebrate Kuzaza.

The Hani people on the south bank of the Red River in the mainland also celebrate the first month, the Dragon Boat Festival and the Mid-Autumn Festival. Three or five days after the first month of the lunar calendar, people who have the conditions kill pigs to worship their ancestors, eat glutinous rice balls on the first day of the lunar calendar, and entertain friends and relatives. The Dragon Boat Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival are roughly the same as the customs in China.

This festival is divided into three days. On June 23, the whole village will kill a cow to sacrifice to the gods and distribute the sacrificed beef to all households. On June 24th, people took a day off at home and each killed a chicken. Parents will call the child's spirit, first from outside the village to the house. Huling has a wide range, and it will be called wherever you go in daily production and labor.

The place where the beast is frightened and the thunder falls should be called, so that the soul cannot hide in the frightened place. People believe that if they are summoned, their health will be stronger. On the evening of June 25, they beat dung with the bones and muscles of cattle, tied torches with dry reeds or flammable branches, lit them, and drove them out of their homes to drive away disasters and ghosts.

Then tie the torch to the tree and ask Vulcan to help crops and livestock grow well so as not to suffer from pests and diseases.

Step 3 eat the new valley

The Hani people along the Red River have the custom of "eating new valleys" on the first Dragon Day in the seventh month of the lunar calendar. On the day of eating the new valley, every household should pull a small bundle of rice with roots and ears from their own paddy fields according to the old rules when the oriental fish-belly is white.

When pulling rice, you should choose rice holes with a single number of plants, and don't say hello when you meet strangers or acquaintances, otherwise you will feel unlucky.

In the afternoon, rub off the ears of rice picked up in the morning and bake them in a pot with a shell until the rice blooms. Everyone should give the dog some rice flowers before eating.

It has been said since ancient times that the seeds recovered by the Hani people after a flood were brought by dogs, so we should thank them. After eating the fragrance of rice and flowers, you should also take out the melons, beans and vegetables you planted that year and try new ones. At the same time, you must eat a bowl of tender bamboo shoots, which symbolizes that the harvest in the coming year is as high as that of Hsinchu. I also want to kill the castrated big fat chicken, and hope that the life in the coming year will be full and happy.

4. October 1 year

The biggest festival of Hani nationality is "October Year", which lasts for six days. The specific date can be given to villages first. In October of the lunar calendar, Hani called it "Zallet".

According to their ancient calendar, the first dragon day in October of the lunar calendar is the beginning of the New Year (equivalent to the first day of the Han nationality). During the festival, every village will hold a street banquet, which is called the "Eight Wonders".

In October of the lunar calendar, rice has just been put into storage, and every household makes glutinous rice and bakes sweet "canned wine" to prepare for the Chinese New Year on Dragon Day. On the first day of the New Year in China, people clean every corner of the house and stockade, then take a shower and change clothes.

On New Year's Day, every stockade will kill pigs. Regardless of the size of pigs, meat is distributed equally by households, even if the number of hearts, livers, lungs, intestines and stomachs is limited, it should be distributed to everyone.

In the afternoon, every family offered their share of pork and water to their ancestors, and also offered sacrifices to dragon trees and village gods for the safety of people and animals. After the grain harvest, the banquet in the street began. Every family puts the best and best dishes on the table and has a competition to see whose food is delicious and rich.

First, the venerable old man is invited to sit down, then everyone sits on both sides of the table, toasting the old man, and then respecting each other to celebrate the harvest. I wish the village peace and good weather in the coming year, and everyone in Qi Xin will work together to win another bumper harvest.

After a full meal, women over 500 picked up bowls and danced in them at the banquet. The girls cut off palm leaves and danced on brown fans until the sun went down. When the fire of the banquet was lit, the men knocked on the awn drum and danced the mysterious awn encouragement dance. People danced and sang heartily until the next morning.

Family gatherings will be held during the festival, and friends from other ethnic groups nearby will also be invited to attend. They were filled with cheers all day, especially singing ancient folk songs, telling the origin of festivals and the history of the nation, and singing the joy of harvest.

At this time, it was the time when Da Chun came to power and the pigs were fattening in the stable. People who have the conditions have killed animals, cooked glutinous rice, steamed rice cakes and dyed yellow glutinous rice for the ancestors of heaven and earth; Men, women and children all put on new clothes and relatives and friends visit each other;

Families with boys often invite matchmakers to act as matchmakers in this festival, and married girls also bring wine, meat and Baba back to their parents' home to pay New Year greetings.

Old people in the village take turns visiting people or girls who receive engagement gifts and go home to share some gifts. Some Hani people in Mojiang often have a reunion dinner (bring their own food) during the Spring Festival. There is also a special custom that brides who got married the year before should gather in Shan Ye outside the village to tell each other about their newly married life, and men are forbidden to eavesdrop.

In the second half of the new year, each stockade will hold a long banquet in the center of the stockade, and the whole village will celebrate the traditional festivals symbolizing their unity, harmony, auspiciousness and happiness.

This kind of banquet is like a long dragon, so it is called "Long Dragon Banquet". Because it is located in the middle of the street, people also call it "street wine" If it is a small village, the wine on the street can be finished in one afternoon. If it is a big village, it will be divided into three groups according to households, which will be held in three afternoons, and each group will take turns to be the host.

On the appointed day, the host family carried the square table to the clean street center early in the morning, and placed it one by one, and hundreds of tables were connected into a long queue of 100 meters.

In the afternoon, after greeting, the host families scrambled to put their specialties and wine on the table. The better the food and wine, the more decent it is, so many people even offer delicious food that they are reluctant to eat.

At first glance, fish finches, river loach, carp, bamboo shoots, fungus, mushrooms, big fat chicken ... each table has 20 bowls, and the aroma on the table is overflowing, showing the achievements of the Hani people's hard work and traditional cooking skills, and showing the style of the longest and grandest banquet of the Hani people.

In the noisy atmosphere of gongs and drums, people voluntarily sit down according to their different ages and hobbies. At this time, the gongs and drums stopped, and the gongs and drums team carried them to accept people's toasts and dishes.

Then, a pair of girls toasted the grandmothers one by one on behalf of everyone. Women eat first, and then men raise their glasses and move chopsticks. The banquet in the street for several hours was warm, harmonious, beaming and full of laughter.

As night fell, piles of bonfires were lit, and young men and women danced with the accompaniment of gongs, drums, sanxian and bamboo flute. Late at night, people gradually left, and those couples went to palm grove and golden bamboo …

5. Girls' Day

Hani people in Bibo Mountain, Yuanyang County, Yunnan Province celebrate a unique Girls' Day every year on the fourth day of the second lunar month. On this day, before the cock crows, the man should take a handful of water first. When gastrodia elata dawned, they cut a bundle of firewood and came back. Then, they will make a fire and boil water, and respectfully bring the water to the woman who gets up slowly.

Then, men cook, wash vegetables, chop pig food, wash dishes and take care of children, while women stand by and do some needlework or command men to do this and that. Unmarried girls don't even do needlework.

After lunch, the men hurried to the public places of entertainment in the village. According to custom, hardworking people come first, and lazy people come last. The boy borrowed a woman's new clothes and trousers from his lover, dressed as a girl, danced in the cheerful strings, and didn't go home to cook until the sun set, and continued to serve the woman until late at night.

According to legend, Girls' Day originated from an ancient legend. A long time ago, there was a girl named Yuma in Bibo Village. There were mountains, springs and lush trees here.

Yuma fell in love with a handsome and tough young hunter. But the marriage of Hani girls at that time was decided by the toaster and parents. Yuma's parents betrothed her to the one-eyed son of White Toast.

Yuma is in great pain for this, and she is determined to express her pursuit of love with death. On the fourth day of February, Yuma went to sketch the mountain and cut firewood alone, and met three girls from the same village and neighboring villages.

Yuma told them her misfortune, which made the three girls cry. It turns out that they are also unhappy in marriage. Four girls forgot to chop wood and go home. They complained to each other about their difficulties at the top of the mountain. The more they complained, the sadder they became. They jumped off the cliff together and committed suicide.

After the tragedy, the Hani people feel that they can no longer interfere in the marriage of girls and boys, especially girls, and should be given the right to choose suitable candidates. In order to warn future generations, the Hani people set February 4th as "Daughter's Day" every year to show their respect for women and freedom of marriage.

After the young men and women of Hani nationality in this area fall in love freely, they choose their own date to get married, without bride price or banquet, and entertain the guests who come to congratulate with cups of fragrant tea.

6. Respect for the Elderly Day

The fifteenth day of the twelfth lunar month is the Hani people's day to respect the elderly. In the morning, the old people dress up and put on new clothes to celebrate their festivals.

Adults kill chickens and ducks at home and prepare a good meal. The young man is carrying a small pine tree beside the festival lawn, and the girls are carrying clean water to water it, which symbolizes that young people wish the old man a long and healthy life like a pine tree and remain young forever.

7. Rima Festival

The Hani people who live by the Red River worship cuckoo and call it "Hebo's grandmother" (cuckoo mother).

Every spring in March, when the camellia is in full bloom, everyone, regardless of gender, age and age, will say "I heard it" when they hear the cuckoo's song for the first time, indicating their cheers for spring.

It is said that this answer can make hardworking and kind Hani farmers have a bumper harvest of grain and livestock, and be safe and healthy all year round.

According to legend, the cuckoo was sent by Apomomi, a god, and flew out of a cave on the distant horizon to convey the news of spring to the world. When it flies over a sea called "A Xiang Woni Benma", it can't fly, and it will fall into the sea.

Suddenly, a dragon's tail rose from the sea, and then the dragon's tail became a leafy tree, where the cuckoo rested. The cuckoo finally went through a lot of hardships and passed on the message of spring to the world.

According to the rules passed down by the predecessors, most people will get together to prepare delicious food in a certain year of the sheep when they hear the cuckoo's cry, soak glutinous rice in the flower juice of a big tree, steam golden glutinous rice, cook red duck eggs and offer them to the cuckoo devoutly.

On this day, the boys and girls in the village are all smiling, dressed in festive costumes, and gathered on a moderate lawn to celebrate the annual "Japanese Horse Master" Festival (a grand event in spring), so as to choose objects and love.

After the festival, every family chose a good day. When the birds are not out of the nest and the four mountains are silent, parents quietly plant three clumps of seedlings in their own fields, which means "opening the seedling door"

It is said that once the seedling door is opened, birds can't be heard, and crops can avoid disaster and harvest.

8. Grasshopper Catch Festival

Grasshopper Catch Festival, called "Po Year" in hani language, is held on the first day after June (June 24th of the lunar calendar every year).

Hani people live in mountainous areas and grow one-season rice. After June, rice began to head. In order to ensure a bumper harvest of rice, the Hani people have adopted the way of "catching grasshoppers" to drive away and avoid pests.

On the day of "catching grasshoppers", all the men, women and children in the stockade went to the fields to catch grasshoppers. After each family caught enough bamboo slips (about two kilograms), they scattered a grasshopper into four parts: a pile of heads, a pile of legs, a pile of bodies and a pile of wings;

In order to intimidate grasshoppers and other insects that have not been caught, they are placed in the ridge and the drain in turn. After half an hour, these grasshoppers will be put into bamboo tubes again.

Take it home or mix it with Baba. It is said that grasshopper meat is very sweet. After leaving the scene, people will keep shouting, "Oh, grasshopper, if you don't catch you for three days, you won't be able to eat for three months!" " "

8. Eat New Rice Festival

In the living area of Hani nationality, every year around July of the lunar calendar, when the grain is gradually maturing, every household should choose its own good day to carry out "Kadupi" (eat new rice) activities.

During the festival, parents will go to the field with laundry baskets to pick up some ears of grain and hang them on the door. They will make "Wobaobo" out of ordinary rice sticks and put it in front of Zongge (Cang) for three times, indicating that they want to eat new grain and pray for the gods to bless the bumper harvest of grains, so that people will not get sick and livestock will flourish.

If you want to kill a hen laying eggs for dinner, you should also keep the pig fat intestines, pig ears and pig tails killed during the Chinese New Year as sacrifices. When eating new rice, mix old rice and new rice and cook them together. This is called "drinking all my concubines" (that is, alternating the old with the new), which means that I will pray for more than a year when I eat old rice in new Gu Mi.

9, Hani diet, diet loves to drink.

Among the Hani people, elderly men generally like cigarettes, wine and tea, and some use sesame leaves as tea. Rice, corn and sorghum are their main drinks for brewing liquor (Hani women in Xishuangbanna like to chew betel nuts).

Hani people like to drink, and there are many wine festivals. Such as Mother's Day, Old People's Day, Yellow Rice Festival, Naming Day, Dragon Boat Festival, Uncle's Commendation Day and so on. There is wine in every festival. The most interesting things are "abbado" wine and Song's love banquet.

Extended data:

Hani nationality, known as Akka nationality in Southeast Asia, whose national language is hani language, belongs to Yi branch of Tibeto-Burman language family of Sino-Tibetan language family. Modern Hani people use newly created phonetic symbols based on Latin letters.

Hani people are mainly distributed between Yuanjiang and Lancang River in China, living in counties such as Honghe, Jiangcheng, Mojiang, Xinping and Zhenyuan, and in the northern mountainous areas of Thailand, Myanmar, Laos and Vietnam.

The mutual appellations among the units within this nation are also inconsistent with the appellations of Kazaks by other nationalities, such as the Hani people in Yuanyang who call Nome, Nobi and Hege.

Yanis call each other "Jiao Wai" and "Jiao Jiao", while Han people call them "Aini". It's called Hao Ibudu, and it's called Ounu Seymour.

In China's historical records, the historical names of the Hani nationality are: He Yi, Herman, Harmony Mud, Woni, Woni, Russian Mud, Ani, Hani, Woni, A Mu, Luomian, Nobi, Ruby, Karage, Bjor, Ni Hao, Leisure Tower and so on. It can be seen that most of them are similar or the same as the current self-proclaimed and mutual names.

References:

Baidu encyclopedia-Hani nationality