On the stone house in front of Yue Fei's tomb, later generations engraved a pair of couplets, "Good and evil are the same as ice and charcoal since ancient times, and judging the authenticity is discr

On the stone house in front of Yue Fei's tomb, later generations engraved a pair of couplets, "Good and evil are the same as ice and charcoal since ancient times, and judging the authenticity is discredited." Tell me your understanding is easy to understand (urgent) In any era, no matter good or bad, there are people who want to change their world ambitions. Only people of that era can evaluate the possibility that their ambitions can change the world. Why do you say that? It is because later generations of historians will have different comments because of their times. Those who left their names in history, ignited the ambition to change the world, and disappeared from human history are called "heroes".

-"wings of gold"

In 480 BC, King Xue Xisi of Persia sent millions of soldiers and thousands of warships, angrily denounced the sea and made an expedition to Greece, threatening to "integrate Persian territory with heaven". Spartan King Leonidas led only 300 warriors to keep the hot spring pass. When the enemy boasted that their arrows could cover the sun, the warriors happily replied, "So we can chase the enemy in the shade!" " "Later generations erected a monument in front of the tomb of Leonidas and his soldiers, inscribed with the following words:" Guests passing by, please tell our Spartan compatriots that we are loyal to our duties and have been smashed here. "

This is the hero.

Today, if someone has to say something amazing: "Leonidas, as the king of Sparta, should not only take 300 cronies to the hot springs to die, but should respect the people's right to know, truthfully declare the irresistible Persian army to the people of Sparta, Athens and all Greece, organize the people to transfer or surrender conditionally, and do their best to preserve people's lives and property. In fact, all he can think about is' fighting for the graves of ancestors and the altars of Greek gods'! He should know that after the fall of Wenquan Pass, the angered Persian army will make Greece bleed into a river. He didn't try his best to take effective measures to evacuate people, just wanted to escape and shirk his responsibilities by dying. Isn't this selfish? The cultural relics accumulated in Athens for thousands of years were actually destroyed because of Leonidas's selfishness. "So, we can only laugh at such a high and low song.

Blaming the dead hero with the heroic spirit of hindsight and showing off his extraordinary knowledge can only expose the absurdity of the critic himself. Few heroes in history can stand today's multi-angle and all-round moral trial. If Yue Fei's refusal to return to South Korea after winning the 12 gold medal is "loyal to the monarch and not humiliating the country", then on April 22, 1793, Washington issued a "declaration of neutrality" regardless of public opinion and Congress, can it also be interpreted as "loyal to its own country but betraying the cause of all mankind"? When we repeatedly bow to the noble character of this demigod who doesn't love power and is willing to retire to the countryside, should we also ask him why he didn't liberate hundreds of slaves raised in Mount Vernon? ...

It has been suggested that it is a legend rather than a historical fact that Yue Fei has the words "loyal to the country" tattooed on his back. Some people think that Yue Fei didn't write the poem "Nujiang Hong", and some even think that Wu Shu's suicide note is completely false ... These may be meaningful for restoring the historical truth, but it is too difficult to testify that Yue Fei is "very problematic". Moreover, judging from several poems of Yue Fei that undoubtedly have copyright, there are many "men are determined to help the royal family, and the Lord is committed to destroying the toast" ("Seven Laws". Send a floating picture to the sea "); "I swear to reward the sage seven feet, and I will not accept tears from the horizon" ("Seven Laws"). The title is "Sudden Ma Gang"); "Heroism runs through the bullfight, vowing to avenge you in the straight section" ("The Four Wonders"). Title Xiao Temple Wall in the City "). At such a time, this "foolish loyalty" hat can be said to be unjust. However, as far as today is concerned, Yue Fei is really "behind the times" and is no longer worthy of admiration and learning?

In his book Heroes and Hero Worship, Thomas Carlyle commented on john knox, the leader of the Scottish reform movement: "In my opinion, it is very difficult to ask this Scot to defend himself in front of the world like a criminal defendant 300 years later; Fundamentally speaking, this is because he was the bravest of all Scots at that time! " In my opinion, Yue Fei is the same. At the critical moment when the northern nationalities in China surged southward like raging waves at the time of the invasion, Yue Fei, as a humble general, rose up against Japan with fearless courage. "Thirty fame is dust, eight thousand miles of clouds and moons" made Jin Bing exclaim: "It is easy to shake the mountain, but difficult to shake the Yue family army!" With great wisdom and courage, Yuzhu miraculously defended the territory and dignity of the people of China. How can such a hero not teach people how to regret for a lifetime!

At present, all kinds of anti-Yue Fei remarks are conclusive, or linking learning Yue Fei with advocating foolish loyalty, or saying that holding Yue Fei high is not conducive to national unity and peaceful reunification. To put it bluntly, most of these arguments are confusing. Now, we should learn from Yue Fei and Wen Tianxiang, not what "men aim to raise the royal family" or "hunger for a bite of meat", but the national spirit of Yue Fei's loyal service to the country, and Wen Tianxiang's national righteousness of resolutely abandoning the excellent life of geisha in the All-China Guild Hall and bravely going to the national disaster. "Serving the country faithfully" is no longer the loyalty to individual rulers, not to the autocratic political system, but to our Chinese sons and daughters' loyalty to the motherland and the Chinese nation, to the prosperity and rejuvenation of the country, to the struggle for democracy and freedom, and to the building of the country, enriching the people and strengthening the country. These, I believe that the vast majority of China compatriots will not misread, and those "deserters" who refuse to take responsibility for their motherland and nation always want Wang Gu to talk about him.

Back to the topic of national heroes, what is the standard of national heroes? Qiao Xinsheng, a professor at Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, tried to judge which side represented the requirements of the development of advanced productive forces in the war and which side represented the power of justice in the war. The author believes that this standard has not escaped from the quagmire of "historical materialism". Especially if we follow the former, wouldn't China's dirty history of "returning home" and the American massacre of Indians become "heroic epics"? Qin Gui tried his best to preside over and discuss, even at the expense of Song Jun kneeling under the imperial edict of Di Chin, and finally signed an armistice agreement, which created a rare peaceful environment for Song and Jin to restore and develop productive forces. Who can better represent the "development requirements of advanced productive forces"? However, the theory of "the power of justice" is measured from too many angles, and finally it is a mess. As for the definition in Modern Chinese Dictionary: "a person who defends the independence, freedom and interests of his nation and shows great courage in the struggle against foreign aggression", it is somewhat biased-is it that Sun Yat-sen, who formulated the Constitution of Three People's Principles and Five Powers for China, Mandela, who struggled for the abolition of racial discrimination in South Africa all his life, and Kim Dae-jung, who was fearless in overthrowing South Korea's tyranny, gave human dignity to countless "untouchables" in India with a Christian heart? ..

Let us put aside the imprisonment of "historical materialism", it is not difficult to find the true universal standard of national heroes-the so-called national hero, as a sincere and fearless noble soul, embodies the great men who share the same beliefs with the nation, carries the core of the national spirit, embodies the noble virtues pursued by the nation, illuminates the history of the nation like a dazzling lightning, and finally sublimates into brave descendants.

Washington is a national hero of the United States, representing the national spirit of fighting for freedom and defending democracy; Joan of Arc is a national hero in France, which embodies the national integrity of fighting bravely and not fearing violence. Mahatma Gandhi, as a national hero of India, has become the "father of national spirit" of India, combining the lofty virtues of anti-colonialism, anti-racial discrimination, anti-religious bigotry, benevolence and non-violence. Yue Fei and Wen Tianxiang are national heroes in China, because they symbolize the national spirit of "serving the country faithfully" and "returning my country and mountains" and the national spirit of "who has never died since ancient times, keeping a pure heart and making a name for himself in history". As long as the national spirit does not move, the hero's light will be brighter day by day, and it will not fade with the changes of the political situation and the turning point.

If Yue Fei's "foolish loyalty" is wrong, it is wrong that he was born in that era. As a concrete person, Yue Fei is naturally limited, but the lofty integrity he symbolizes, which is loyal to serving the country and repaying my rivers and mountains, lasts forever, melts in the blood of our Chinese nation, is closely linked with the soul of the Chinese nation, and becomes the national backbone that supports our country through thousands of difficulties. Carlisle said: "As long as we can find a very great person, a very wise and kind person at any time, we will not go to ruin." Yue Fei was such a bright light in the dim Song Dynasty and even in the whole history of China. In this sense, Yue Fei is not only the national hero of the whole Chinese nation, but also the first national hero of the Chinese nation.

The History of Song Dynasty was edited by Mongolian Prime Minister Tuotuo in Yuan Dynasty, but Yue Fei was not obliterated. The descendants of the Qing emperor Jurchen did not level the Wang Yue Temple. I believe that fewer people today will regard the reverence for Yue Fei as a sinister means to incite national hatred or resist peaceful reunification. Historians today are really much ado about nothing! You know, Yue Fei's patriotism and heroism have already crossed the national gap, admired by China compatriots, and become a valuable spiritual wealth enjoyed by hundreds of millions of Chinese people at home and abroad! You know, the respect for Yue Fei comes from the spontaneous choice of Chinese children for thousands of years. Even if Qin Gui, Zhao Gou and others tamper with history books, "private history" is forbidden, and Daxing Wenzi Prison can't be suppressed! Japanese novelist Yoshiki Tanaka said: "When I travel in Chinese mainland, Hongkong, Taiwan Province and other places, I always ask the locals: Who should be the hero in China history for you? On this issue, about 100% will mention Yue Fei. " (Biography of China's Military Commander). Yue Wumu's heroic position rooted in the blood of the Chinese nation, how could it be taken away by a high school history education program? Tanaka also said: "Judging from China's evaluation of famous soldiers in the past dynasties, he is often called a famous soldier who resisted the invasion of nomads from. The key point is that Yue Fei is a famous soldier who continues to resist the invasion of nomads from China and naturally becomes a hero of the Chinese nation. " Such a simple and clear truth, how can "brothers rob their homes" sophistry! Today we are brothers, but were we brothers then? Visible China's "historical materialism" education has been possessed, misleading children to what extent!

For a long time, some historians who hold high the banner of "historical materialism" have always been clever enough to materialize the value of heroes and despise their brilliance. For them, Yue Fei, Wen Tianxiang, Qi Jiguang and Zheng Chenggong are just political playthings and propaganda props. If you use it, you will confess, and if you don't use it, you will discard it. In their eyes without fear, these heroes are all worthless, just like prostitutes. However, can the course of "historical materialism" only be obscured by adult historians?

Finally, I want to emphasize that the statement that Yue Fei is no longer a national hero but can only be called a "famous anti-gold star" is not something new to "keep pace with the times". I did such a topic at school, and I got a few more points in those years, which makes me regret today. It is said that in the late 1950s, Yue Fei was approved as the executioner to suppress the peasant uprising. The theory of "new national heroes" is not so much a "need of the times" to safeguard national unity as a proof that people who have mastered the educational authority in China have raped students with abnormal historical materialism for a long time.

Borrow the knot on the couplet in front of Wumu Temple: "Good and evil have been frozen together since ancient times, and a good name is judged to be true and false today." History is not a prostitute who can be laughed at.