How did the two surnames "Huang" and "Xu" in Baijia surname come from?

I. Origin of surname

There are three origins of Xu surname:

1. Self-winning surname, a descendant of Ruomu, the son of Bo Yi, the great-great-grandson of Zhuan Xu Emperor. Because of his father's work, Ruomu was sealed in Xu when Xia Yushi established the State of Xu. From the time of Zhou Muwang to the 32nd Sun Junyan, he won the support of the people and became increasingly powerful in national strength. At that time, Zhou Muwang liked to cruise around the square, so that the national government was left unattended. Xu Junyan came up with the idea of being the son of heaven on behalf of Zhou, claiming to be Xu Yanwang, and leading the allied forces from all over the world to attack Zhou. Mu Wang learned that he had traveled thousands of miles back to Zhoudu in a car driven by Zao Fu and sent an army to suppress it. Xu Junyan couldn't bear to let people die, so he took the initiative to retreat, abandoned the country and ran away, hiding in the deep mountains around Pengcheng (now Xuzhou). After Zhou Muwang defeated Xu Yanwang, because he was popular in the local area, he named his descendants Xu Zi and continued to manage Xu. In 512 BC, the State of Xu was destroyed by the State of Wu, and the descendants of Xu Zi took the State as their surname, calling it Xu.

2. According to legend, Bo Qin, the eldest son of Duke Zhou, was sealed in the state of Lu, and was assigned to the "Six Families of Yin and Min", namely Tiao, Xu, Xiao, Suo, Changshao and Weishao. In ancient times, there was the Xu family.

3. Change the surname to Xu. During the Five Dynasties, Dr changed his surname to Xu, and his descendants were also called Xu.

II. Migration and distribution

In ancient times, Xu Guo, whose wood was blocked, is located in the northern part of Fengyang County, Anhui Province, which is the earliest birthplace of Xu's surname. The Xu family, who lived here, was already a big family when Xu perished. Later, they migrated to the north. Before the Eastern Han Dynasty, the Xu family had been relocated to present-day Gansu Province. That is to say, in the Han Dynasty, Xu's surname had been transplanted to vast areas in the north. Xu's large-scale southward migration began in Wei and Jin Dynasties, and it was further propagated in southern China in Sui and Tang Dynasties. At the end of the Song Dynasty, Xu moved from Shicheng County, Jiangxi Province to Tingzhou County, Fujian Province. In the Yuan Dynasty, Xu's surname was mainly propagated in Fengshun, Haifeng, Meixian, Tsukagoshi Hirotaka and Nankeng in Chaozhou. In short, Xu's surname was mainly distributed in the lower reaches of the Yellow River in China during the Qin and Han Dynasties, especially in Shandong. From Wei and Jin Dynasties to Tang Dynasty, Xu's surname mainly propagated in Huaihe River and most of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, and after Song Dynasty, it was distributed in the vast Jiangnan area.

Third, historical celebrity

Xu Shu: a famous poetess in the Eastern Han Dynasty, from Lintao, Gansu.

Xu gan: a famous philosopher and writer at the end of Han dynasty, born in Weifang, Shandong province. One of the "seven sons of Jian 'an", he is the author of Zhong Lun and so on.

Xu da: a famous soldier in Ming dynasty, from Fengyang, Anhui province. With Zhu Yuanzhang, he helped Zhu Yuanzhang to establish the Ming Dynasty, was named Duke of Wei, and was posthumously named King Zhongshan.

Xu Guangqi, an outstanding scientist in Ming Dynasty, was born in Xujiahui, Shanghai. The research scope is extensive, especially agronomy, astronomy and mathematics. He is the author of the Encyclopedia of Agricultural Administration, the main translator of the almanac of Chongzhen, and the translator of Geometry.

Xu Wei, an outstanding writer, painter and calligrapher in Ming Dynasty, was born in Shaoxing, Zhejiang. Claiming that calligraphy is the best in the world, he is good at cursive. Good at ink painting, flowers, bamboos, landscapes and figures. He is the author of Complete Works of Xu Wenchang, Continued Records of Nanci, etc.

Xu Xiake, an outstanding traveler and travel writer in Ming Dynasty, was born in Jiangsu. His footprints spread all over the country, and his observations were recorded on a daily basis, and Xu Xiake's Travels was edited after his death.

Xu Beihong: an outstanding painter and art educator in modern times, born in Yixing, Zhejiang. He is good at oil painting, Chinese painting and sketching, especially painting Ma Chi.

Xu Zhimo, a native of Haining, Zhejiang Province, is a poet of the Crescent School. He is the representative of the poetic style of the Crescent School with literary publications such as Poetry Magazine and Crescent Moon as the chief editor.

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An overview of Huang's surname. Huang-Baijia's surname ranks eighth, with a population of about 28.99 million, accounting for 2.23% of the total population in China.

Origin of surnames

The following is the statement about the origin of Huang's surnames:

Huang's surname is one of the ancient surnames in China, and its main roots are in the ancient Huang State (now Huangchuan County, Xinyang District, Henan Province). There are three origins of Huang's surnames.

from the last name won. During the reign of Emperor Shun, the leader of Dongyi tribe was called Bo Yi, who was a "descendant of Emperor Zhuan Xu". Because he helped Dayu to control water, he was given the surname of Won by Emperor Shun. Legend has it that there are 14 descendants of Bo Yi, namely Xu, Tan, Ju, Zhong Li, Yun Yan, Tu Qiu, Jiang Liang, Huang, Jiang, Xiu Yu, Bai Ming, Fei Lian, Qin Shi and Zhao Shi, all of which are called the Fourteenth Won Family. Among them, Huang established the Huang Kingdom in Huangchuan, Henan Province around the end of Shang Dynasty and the beginning of Zhou Dynasty, and was named Viscount by Zhou Dynasty, also known as Huang Ziguo. During the Spring and Autumn Period, the State of Chu dominated, and only Huang and Suiguo dared to compete. In 648 BC, Huang was destroyed by Chu. After the national subjugation, the descendants of the State of Huang took the country name as their surname, which was Huang.

after Jin Tianshi. Tai Qian was a descendant of Jintian in Shao Hao in ancient times. He was the head of the water official from generation to generation, and was sealed in Fenchuan in Zhuan Xu, and was honored as the god of Fenshui in later generations. In the Spring and Autumn Period, the descendants of Taiqian established the States of Shen, Yi, Qi and Huang, which were later destroyed by the State of Jin. Among them, the descendants of Huang Guogong took the country as their surname and became the surname of Huang.

originated from the barbarians in the ancient south of China. "The Book of the New Tang Dynasty" contains "Tan Guan (in Guangxi) with a surname of Huang. "It's true that Tang Huang is young, young and warm." In fact, this branch of Huang is a descendant of the adherents of Huang.

gathering place (migration and distribution)

The earliest birthplace of Huang surname should be in the western area of Huangchuan County, Henan Province. After the destruction of the state of Huang in Chu, the people of Huang were scattered in all directions. Some fled north to central Henan, while a large number of them were forced to move to the hinterland of Chu (now Hebei Province). Today, Huanggang, Huangpi, Huang An, Huangmei and other places are said to be named after the Yellow People moved here. One of them moved to Chuduying (now Jiangling and Jingzhou) and another moved to Anlu, Jiangxia (now southeast of Yunmeng County, Hubei Province). During the Qin and Han Dynasties, the surname Huang was said to have flourished in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River and in Henan, Anhui and other places in the north. Huang's large-scale southward migration began at the end of the Western Jin Dynasty. Because of the large-scale southward migration of the gentry in the Central Plains, Huang's surname was more widely distributed in the south. At the same time, Huang has moved to Fujian with Hu, Lin, Chen, Zheng, Qiu, He and Zeng, and became one of the "eight surnames" who later entered Fujian. After the continuous migration and reproduction from Wei, Jin to Sui and Tang Dynasties, the surname Huang formed a noble family in Henan, Hubei, Sichuan, Jiangsu, Fujian, Guangxi and other places. There was Huang Qianshan in the Song Dynasty, and his nine sons were scattered all over Guangdong, mostly in Meizhou, and later developed into the most popular surname in Guangdong. At the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, Jin Binggong entered Kaifeng, and Huang Jianlian, a native of Gushi, Henan Province, moved south to Hangzhou, and later became the surname of Hangzhou, with branches in Zhangpu, Raoping and Lufeng. During the Song and Yuan Dynasties, Huang claimed to have flourished in Fujian and Guangdong, and began to move to Taiwan Province in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties. Later, many people spread abroad. Huang surname is a typical southern surname in China.

Taiwan Province's surname Huang ranks third after Chen and Lin. It was the late Ming Dynasty that followed Zheng Chenggong to recover Taiwan Province's army and entered Taiwan in large numbers. By the Qing Dynasty, people from Fujian and Guangdong provinces came to Taiwan to live and live in exile.

Some people of the Huang family are integrated into Zhuang, Yao, Dong, Shui, Buyi, Dan and other ethnic minorities. Before the Tang Dynasty, Huang had taken root in some ethnic minorities in Lingnan and Southwest China. Among them, those who are egg people live in Shanan, Guangzhou; Those who moved to Huangdong, Guangxi, were called Huangdongman, mostly Zhuang people; The Yao people are widely distributed, living in many counties and townships in Guangxi, Guangdong, Hunan, Yunnan and Guizhou, and most of them are in Guangxi.

Hall number

"Kuanhetang": Huangba was the prefect of Henan in Han Dynasty. At that time, the officials were very serious, and Huang Ba was lenient and independent. When Emperor Xuandi was proclaimed, he served as Tingzheng (judicial officer) and was imprisoned for something. From the official to the people, they called for his grievances and finally rehabilitated.

"Jiangxia Hall": Huang Xiang of the later Han Dynasty died when he was a child. He was the most filial to his father. He used a fan to cool his father's mat in summer and warmed his father's bedding in winter. People praised his filial piety: "chinese odyssey, Jiangxia Huangtong!"

Tang names of Huang surname include "Sijing", "Yidun", "Dunmu" and "Chichang". "Chichang Hall" is named after the word "Chichang" at the end of Huang Qiaoshan's eight poems.

historical celebrity

Huang Zongxi: an outstanding thinker and historian during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The case of Confucianism in the Ming Dynasty and the case of learning in the Song and Yuan Dynasties are systematic philosophical monographs in China's history, which opened up the atmosphere of historical research in the Qing Dynasty and was one of the three great thinkers in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties.

Huang Shen: painter in Qing dynasty. Good at painting figures, and also working as flowers, birds and mountains. It is one of the "Eight Eccentrics of Yangzhou".

Huang tingjian: a writer in the northern song dynasty. His poems and Su Shi are also called "Su Huang", which initiated Jiangxi Poetry School. He is also one of the four great calligraphers in the Song Dynasty.

Huang Gai: the general of Wu in the Three Kingdoms period. With Zhou Yu, he lured Cao Cao to surrender and broke Cao Cao with fire.

Huang Daopo: a female weaver in the early Yuan Dynasty. After living in Hainan Island for more than 3 years, I learned the textile technology of Li people, improved and invented it, and returned to my hometown in my later years to teach textile technology.

Huang shigong: a person at the end of the Qin dynasty, who was familiar with the art of war, once presented Zhang Liang with The Art of War in Xiapi (Bridge).

Huang Xie: During the Warring States Period, Chu Xiang was named as the Hou of Spring Extension because of his meritorious service, and he was one of the four famous childe in the Warring States Period.

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Origin of surname-Ni surname

The following statement about the origin of Ni surname:

From the fief: In the Spring and Autumn Period, Duke Zhi Wu sealed his second son in Yun (in present-day Tengxian County, Shandong Province) and established the state of Tan, his son and grandson.

gathering place (migration distribution)

Taiwan Province's surname, the 95th is Ni. From its arrangement order, we can see that there are not many Ni surnames in Taiwan. Ni's first move to Taiwan was in the Qing Dynasty. According to the investigation, the ancestor of Ni's moving to Taiwan is one of the heroes in the development of Taiwan Province!

TangNo.

Records in "A Brief Survey of Surnames" are: Tan's surname, Er's surname, and it was changed to Ni to avoid enmity. Look for a thousand times.

celebrities of past dynasties

ni ban-the town of characters, named Yunlin. People from Wuxi, Jiangsu Province in the Yuan Dynasty. Good at painting landscapes, mostly ink paintings. Taking innocence as the religion has a great influence on later generations' ink and wash landscape paintings. Together with Huang Gongwang, Wang Meng and Zhen Wu, they are also known as the four great masters at the end of Yuan Dynasty. There is a secluded pavilion at home, and there are many famous paintings and calligraphy books. He is the author of Qing Men Ge Ji.

Ni Yingdian-the word Bing Zhang. Hefei, Anhui. Member of Yue Wang Hui. In the thirty-fourth year of Guangxu reign in Qing Dynasty (198), he served as an artillery conductor in Anhui Province, and planned an uprising with Xiong Chengji in Anqing. After being detected by the Qing officials, he went south to Guangzhou and continued to engage in revolutionary activities. In the first year of Xuantong (199), the southern branch of the League was established and served as the general director of the new sports army. Xuantong led the new army to revolt in Guangzhou and died heroically. Only 25 years old.