Brief introduction of Hani musical instruments What special musical instruments do Hani people have?

Hani folk musical instruments are generally not used to accompany folk songs, rap and dance, but an independent music category, which is more flexible and diverse than folk songs in form and range. Due to the differences in structure, range and expressive force, various musical instruments show different timbre characteristics and common tones. Among them: Little Sanxian, Big Sanxian, Sixian (Qin Yue), Huqin, Chuikou, Clarinet, Transplanting Number, Eighth Five-Year Plan, Xiaoli, Dali, Rice Tube and Horn.

According to the performance, timbre and structural characteristics of musical instruments, the small sanxian, the big sanxian, the ukulele and the huqin are all stringed instruments. Clarinet, seedling number and eighth five-year plan are wind music; Kouxian, Xiaoli, Dali and Mi Guan are all spring music. Among them, the most popular, developed and distinctive folk musical instruments are Xiao Sanxian, Xiao Li, Da Li, Mi Guan and Miao Hao.

Xiao Sanxian, with pear as its handle, is the most representative folk musical instrument of the local Hani nationality, with relatively perfect development, rich tunes, diverse techniques and rigorous musical structure. Most of its strings are covered with bamboo leaves, and the horns are plucked back and forth, so the music is extremely crisp, elegant and deep.

Although Xiao Sanxian is an impromptu instrument with no fixed score, it sounds like various tunes, but the music structure and plucking techniques have certain rules and become a traditional habit. The small three-string melody is more complex and easy to express profound and unspeakable thoughts and feelings.

Hani people call it "Li Le", named after its crisp and wonderful "Li Liu" timbre, and it is one of the girls' favorite bamboo "spring" instruments. When playing, if you use six fingers to open and close the six-eye blowhole rhythmically, and give priority to blowing, you can play an extremely crisp and beautiful tune and convey all kinds of mysterious feelings beyond words. Because the bamboo tube is small, the air output is controlled within a certain limit, and the tunes played always maintain a girl's innocent, romantic, lively and lively phonological flavor.

Dali, known as "Daou" by Hani people, is made of hollow reed stalks, about 50 to 60 cm long and as thick as fingers. It is also a wind instrument that Hani girls like. The tune played is extremely grand, deep and melodious, ethereal and ethereal, similar to the sound of Bawu, and easy to express deep feelings.

The rice tube called "Woduo" in Hani language is made of the second section of fresh rice straw, the upper section is reserved, the lower section is pinched, and five or six cracks are extruded at the upper section to form a combined reed which is extremely suitable for vibration. When the combined reed at the upper end of the rice tube in the mouth is gently blown, it makes a beautiful whine.

When playing, if you cover the upper end of the tube with two palms, you can play a variety of beautiful tunes with different thickness of exhalation and different release of the two palms. In late autumn, rice is heading and blooming in terraced fields, and Hani girls herding ducks enjoy the cool while blowing homemade rice pipes. Melodious and euphemistic melodies ripple everywhere in the fields, just like a sweet pastoral.

The number of transplanting rice seedlings is actually a kind of suona. hani language called it "less cars", which means to make crops make a sound. It is a seasonal wind instrument that Hani young men like to play. According to the traditional customs of the Hani people, the time to play Che Jian is between the Yellow Rice Festival in March and the Kuzaza Festival in May every year, and it is forbidden to play at other times.

Che Jian, with its soft tone, long vibrato and long ups and downs, is quite interesting to Hani farming life and has become the horn of Hani spring farming activities. The most lively way to play "reducing cars" is to celebrate festivals such as "Yellow Rice Festival", "Yang Ana" and "Bitterness". Hani shanzhai is full of cheerful "car reduction" performance, which is high and melodious and has a lively, cheerful and inspiring Shan Ye flavor.

Kouxian, called Xiangzi in local Chinese, is called "Xiang Tuo" by Hani people, and is deeply loved by young men and women. Girls even put it as an ornament in a small and exquisite bamboo tube engraved with patterns and tied it on the left chest with a silver chain. It is characterized by using the * * * sound of the mouth, the severity of breathing and inhaling, and the changes of lips, tongue and mouth bring rich timbre changes, which are very beautiful and beautiful. It is said that when a pair of lovers express their love for life and death, the rich and sweet voice in their mouths can achieve unspeakable feelings.

The trumpet is called "Niu Kui" by the Hani people, and it is called "Niu Kuibo" when playing the trumpet. It is difficult to play the horn and the tone is simple. Through the different changes of the player's exhalation and lip shape, four euphemistic tones are formed, which keep the timbre simple and bold all the time, with dignified, intense and depressed meaning.

It is said that the horn originated from the leader of Hani ancestors who recruited people to defend themselves against the enemy. Later, with the passage of time, the horn gradually evolved into the horn of Hani farmers to drive away animals, attack crops and hunt.