What is light steel or light steel prefabricated panel structure?

First of all, I want to say that the concept of light steel structure includes light steel prefabricated plate structure, which means that light steel prefabricated plate structure is a type of light steel structure. Let’s talk about the definition and advantages of light steel structure.

Light steel structure

Light steel structure Light steel structure is a light steel structure building system, which is made of hot-rolled light H steel, light welded steel, high-frequency welded steel, cold-formed thin steel It is mainly composed of high-efficiency structural steel and high-efficiency functional materials such as wall steel, thin steel plates and thin-walled steel pipes, and is supplemented by various high-efficiency decorative connection materials. It is a lightweight fully assembled steel structure that can meet the specific use functions and specific space requirements of the building. architecture.

Light steel is also a relatively vague term and can generally be understood in two ways. One is Chapter 11 "Light-weight steel structures with round steel and small angle steel" in the current "Steel Structure Design Code" (GBJ 17-88), which refers to the use of round steel and less than L45*4 and L56*36*4 Light steel structures made of angle steel were mainly used for small structures that were not suitable for reinforced concrete structures in the era when steel was scarce. They are now basically not used, so they are basically eliminated in this revision of the steel structure design specifications. The other is a single-layer solid web portal rigid frame structure with a lightweight roof and lightweight exterior walls (masonry exterior walls can also be used conditionally) stipulated in the "Technical Regulations for Steel Structures of Portal Frame Lightweight Houses". Light here mainly means that the enclosure is made of lightweight materials. Since the former one is almost cancelled, the current meaning of light steel mainly refers to the latter one.

It can be seen that the difference between light steel and heavy steel is not the weight of the structure itself, but the weight of the surrounding materials it bears. However, the structural design concepts are still the same.

Light steel structure is a young and vital steel structure system that has been widely used in general industrial, agricultural, commercial, and service buildings, such as office buildings, villas, warehouses, sports venues, entertainment, tourism buildings, and low-rise, In the fields of multi-story residential buildings and other fields, it can also be used to add floors, renovate and reinforce old houses, and in areas lacking building materials, areas with inconvenient transportation, tight construction schedules, movable and removable buildings, etc. It is highly favored by owners and has the following main features:

1) It adopts high-efficiency and lightweight thin-walled profiles, which are light in weight, high in strength and occupy a small area.

2) All components are produced in an automated, continuous, and high-precision manner, and product specifications are serialized, finalized, and matched. All parts are accurately sized.

3) Structural design, detail design, computer simulation installation, factory manufacturing, construction site installation, etc. are carried out simultaneously with a small time difference.

4) Basically, there is no wet work in the dry construction method, and interior decoration and other decorations can be easily put in place at one time. After being galvanized and coated, the profiles have a beautiful appearance and are anti-corrosive, which helps reduce enclosure and decoration costs.

5) It is convenient to expand the column distance and provide larger separation space, which can reduce the floor height and increase the building area (the practical area of ????residential buildings can reach 92). It has obvious advantages in adding layers, renovation and reinforcement.

6) The new wall materials have a wide range of applications, extensive use of lighting strips, and good ventilation conditions.

7) All indoor water heating and electrical pipelines are hidden in the walls and between floors, with flexible layout and easy modification.

8) The house can be moved and all materials can be recycled. It will not cause garbage and is in line with the sustainable development strategy.

At present, developed countries are applying it very rapidly in non-residential buildings and are expanding to multi-story residential buildings. Non-residential buildings are mainly portal-type light steel structures with less than four floors, with spans generally greater than 20m. They are commonly used in the construction of large-span light industry, electronics, warehouses, processing and other workshops, and are also used in daily supermarkets and temporary buildings. Houses, hangars, etc. Light steel structure residential buildings are generally used for multi-story (4-6 floors) and high-rise buildings with a height of less than 24m (7-9 floors). Residential light steel structures can also be used on higher floors by adding energy-dissipating components such as energy-dissipating supports.

Residential light steel structures mostly use a frame structure composed of hot-rolled H-shaped steel, and the nodes are connected by high-strength bolts (supplemented by welding). Floor slabs mostly use reinforced concrete structures with profiled steel plate substrates instead of formwork. Roof panels and exterior walls mostly use Color-coated steel plates that integrate thermal insulation and waterproofing. Household walls mostly use waterproof lightweight wall panels.

Light steel structure installation

Production of portal steel frame light steel structure, installation of portal steel frame light steel structure, quality inspection of portal steel frame light steel structure, door Commonly used forms for quality inspection of type steel frame light steel structures

[Edit this paragraph] Advantages of light steel

Earthquake resistance: Most of the roofs of low-rise villas are sloped roofs, so the roof structure is basically A triangular roof truss system made of cold-formed steel components is used. After the light steel components are sealed with structural panels and gypsum boards, a very strong "rib structure system" is formed. This structural system has stronger The ability to resist earthquakes and horizontal loads is suitable for areas with earthquake intensity above 8 degrees.

Wind resistance: Steel structure buildings are light in weight, high in strength, good in overall rigidity, and strong in deformation ability. The building's self-weight is only one-fifth of that of a brick-concrete structure, and it can withstand hurricane force winds of 70 meters per second, effectively protecting life and property.

Durability: The light steel structure residential structure is all composed of cold-formed thin-walled steel component systems. The steel frames are made of super anti-corrosion high-strength cold-rolled galvanized sheets, which can effectively avoid the impact of corrosion of steel sheets during construction and use. , increasing the service life of light steel components. The structural life can reach 100 years.

Thermal insulation: The thermal insulation material used is mainly fiberglass wool, which has good thermal insulation effect. The use of thermal insulation boards on exterior walls can effectively avoid the "cold bridge" phenomenon in the wall and achieve better thermal insulation effects. The thermal resistance value of R15 insulation cotton about 100mm thick can be equivalent to that of a 1m thick brick wall.

Sound insulation: Sound insulation is an important indicator for evaluating residences. The windows installed in the light steel system are all made of insulating glass, which has good sound insulation effect, with a sound insulation of more than 40 decibels; it is made of light steel keels and insulation material gypsum boards. The sound insulation effect of the composed wall can be as high as 60 decibels.

Healthy: Dry construction reduces environmental pollution caused by waste. 100% of the steel structure materials of the house can be recycled, and most of the other supporting materials can also be recycled, which is in line with the current environmental awareness; all materials are green building materials , meet ecological environment requirements and are beneficial to health. ?

Comfort: The light steel wall adopts a high-efficiency energy-saving system, which has a breathing function and can adjust the dryness and humidity of indoor air; the roof has a ventilation function, which can form a flowing air space above the interior of the house to ensure that the interior of the roof is comfortable ventilation and heat dissipation requirements.

Fast: All construction work is done dryly, not affected by environmental seasons. For a building of about 300 square meters, it only takes 5 workers and 30 working days to complete the entire process from foundation to decoration.

Environmental protection: The material can be 100% recycled, truly green and pollution-free.

Energy saving: All walls are made of high-efficiency energy-saving walls, with good thermal insulation, heat insulation and sound insulation effects, and can reach the energy-saving standard of 50%.

To summarize the above, the cast-in-place concrete floor is to tie the steel bars first and then pour the concrete, while the light steel prefabricated floor is made of filler in the keel surface layer. Generally speaking, it must be a light steel prefabricated floor. More advanced.