What should a lady wear? Jade, where are the dzi beads?

Jade Buddha is good. Jade contains elements beneficial to human body, such as jade bracelets, necklaces, rings, jade mats, jade pillows, etc. ) wear it often. Because of the friction between skin and acupoints, it has many benefits to the skin of meridians and blood vessels, and plays a role in preventing and treating diseases. So it is very beneficial to use jade as an amulet. It is best to wear natural jade without chemical treatment. Appraisal: This can't be explained for the time being. The only one who can learn fake jade is the jar jade mentioned above. Although jar jade is very similar to jade, careful observation will reveal that it has pores. Compared with real jade, fake jade has tiny flying feet on its surface, which is not moistened for a long time, and it is brittle no matter how it is rubbed manually. The fake jade that the stone pretends to be is similar to jade at first glance, but it is not moist, has excessive bright colors, is opaque and has lower hardness than jade. Because the hardness of real jade is low, it will not change no matter how it is rubbed. The more it is rubbed, the more moist it becomes. As soon as the stone is rubbed, it changes immediately and stripes appear. In addition to the above methods, the identification of fake jade mainly depends on the quality of jade. In the era of underdeveloped science, the ancients could not identify the mineral composition of gems and jade, so every time they met gems, they should be distinguished by color. Today, although we have the knowledge of mineralogy, the color of jade is still one of the important basis for us to identify jade, because color is the most intuitive and easy to identify, and it can be seen with the naked eye. The various colors of jadeite are related to its mineral composition. In other words, the color of jade is related to the absorption of visible light (white light) by minerals. At the same time, color is also related to pigment ions and crystal defects contained in minerals. With regard to the colors of traditional jade and common gemstones in China, the jewelry and handicraft industry in China has accumulated a lot of experience after years of accumulation, and many vivid color names have appeared. For example, jadeite includes emerald green (similar to the color of jadeite), brilliant green (jadeite is not black), boxwood green (jadeite is yellowish), bright turquoise green (jadeite is bright), glass green (jadeite is transparent), Ying Ge green (the same color as Ying Ge feather), spinach green (thick but not bright), shallow water green (jadeite is light) and light sunshine green (light). Oil green (green and dark gray), lotus root starch (light pink and purple tone), violet (violet), chrome black (black green), white material (white) and jade material (full green). Nephrite includes white (white jade), fat white (suet jade), bluish gray or bluish white (blue white jade), cyan (white gray, white green sapphire), yellow (topaz), green (emerald), black (black jade), colorful (nephrite opal produced in Taiwan Province Province), in addition to tiger skin jade, sugar jade and yellow-brown skin. Lantian jade has green in white and yellow-green in white. The color is not uniform, often foggy and spotted. Nanyang jade has white, green, purple, yellow, green, dark green, blue-green, pure blue, white in blue, white in green, milky white, purple white and so on. According to the statistics of Henan Geological Bureau, there are more than 30 colors. Turquoise is green, grass green, yellow-green, white-green, pale white, light blue-green, sky blue, lake blue, and green with black spots and black lines. Agate has many colors, such as red, bordeaux, brownish red, earth red, crimson, white, gray, gray, green, grass green, onion green, blue, blue-white, blue and so on, such as colored stripes or ribbons, which are various and varied. Lapis lazuli is blue with purple tones, dark blue, dark blue, with Venus (containing pyrite) in the blue and white (containing calcite) in the blue. Malachite is green, malachite green, dark green, light green and dark color, such as stripes, green and yellow-green. Chrysocolla has light sky blue green, sky blue and turquoise. Diamonds are colorless, white, black, purple, green, yellow, dark yellow, brown, yellowish brown, yellowish green, turquoise, blue and grayish black. Ruby has red, light red, pink, crimson, brown red, blood red, rose purple and other colors. Sapphires are blue, sky blue, light blue, dark blue, blue purple, purple, brown, yellow, yellow-green, colorless, gray and so on. Emeralds are colorless, green, gray-green, yellow-green, yellow, gold, pink, emerald (emerald), sky blue (navy blue) and other colors. Topaz has colorless, yellow, light yellow, wine yellow, blue, sky blue, light green, green, yellow-green and other colors. Golden emeralds are colorless, yellow, light yellow, sunflower yellow, brown, tan, yellowish green, brownish green, swimming color (opal), discoloration (stone change) and so on. Bi Sheng has red, crimson (double powder), light red, green, dark green, dark green, yellowish green, colorless, sky blue, grayish brown, cyan, blue, purple, swimming color (electric opal) and so on. The garnet with purple teeth and black almandine is mainly red; Mainly red, but also rose red, thick red, black red garnet; There are green, yellow, yellow-green, green (Ural Emerald) calcium aluminum garnet; There are emeralds, calcium chrome garnets and so on. Moonstone has many colors such as moonlight, white, gray, light blue, sky blue, green and swimming color. The crystals are colorless, purple (amethyst), brown (tea crystal), black (ink crystal) and pink, and contain inclusions (crystals) of needle-like minerals such as green, black and yellow, and shiny crystals of phlogopite and hematite. Fluorite is colorless, light blue, blue-green, green, yellow, yellowish green, purple, pink, green and other variegated colors. As can be seen from the above, many jade and precious stones are the same and similar in color. When colors cannot be distinguished, it is necessary to identify them with the help of mineralogical knowledge and instruments. For example, the transparency and luster of jade, the luminosity of jade and precious stones, the specific gravity and hardness of jade, the optical constants of ancient five minerals, observing the microscopic world of ancient jade minerals, and identifying ancient jade by chemical analysis. Besides naked eye observation, the color, luster and transparency of jadeite must be measured by various instruments based on the knowledge of petrochemistry and mineralogy. Especially chemical analysis and electron microscope determination can not only accurately judge the quality of jade, but also infer the origin of jade. As long as the quality of jade is determined, all fake jade will be seen through. Beginners who want to identify the authenticity of jade can observe it from three aspects: First, because the glass is very brittle and hard, the structure is clearly arranged, and it lacks the density and toughness of jade, so it can't stand strong and high-speed rotary carving, so it is generally impossible to process high relief and round carving on glass. Second, use a magnifying glass to find bubbles, even if you can only see one, you can confirm that it is not jade. Thirdly, chromium oxide is added into the glass, and the color is close to ruby; Adding cobalt oxide, the color is close to sapphire; Adding chromium oxide and copper oxide, the color is close to emerald ... and so on, there are many kinds of fake jade. However, their colors are always relatively thin, lacking the oily and rich feeling of natural jade color. The identification of new jade and old jade is different. The identification of new jade focuses on the authenticity of the variety, the quality of the texture and the fineness of the sculptor. The identification of old jade is relatively complicated. In addition to several basic requirements, new jade also needs to identify its production and historical value. Textual research on the historical value of jade is based on a clear era. To be familiar with the common shapes, characteristics, crafts and colors of jades in different times, we can often consult books and materials on jades, which will subtly improve the dating level of jades. Correct the parallax between pictures and objects in the book as much as possible. The way to identify jadeite: Look, it mainly depends on the crystal transparency. The real jadeite has strong transparency and oily luster; Listen, Zhen Yu's voice is crisp, but her voice is dull; In the test, the real jade scratched the glass, but the jade itself was intact. Common fake jade includes plastic, stained glass, marble, electrochromic fake jade made of jade powder and crystal with salt water, imitation jade containing nitrate, etc. And their identification methods are different. Plastic is lighter than jade, and its hardness is poor, so it is generally easy to identify. It's easy to distinguish between painting and getting off work. As long as you take it under the light or check it in the sun, you will see many bubbles in the glass. It is difficult to distinguish fake jade by electric color. Its purpose is to electroplate inferior jade and then coat it with a beautiful emerald appearance, so it is easy to mistake it for real jade. At this time, you need to observe carefully. If there are some small cracks with blue in the green, it is fake jade. Because electroplating will leave cracks, experts call it "spider claws". It is also said that if the electro-colored fake jade is put in hot oil, the electroplating color will fade and return to its original color. Synthetic jade made of jade powder, crystal and salt water is an imitation dark old pit jade. The identification method is simple, that is, their specific gravity is different. The specific gravity of natural jade is 3.3-3.4, while that of synthetic jade is only 2.8. Weigh by hand, or weigh by balance to distinguish between true and false. Jade imitated with nitrate looks whiter and smoother than jade. The ancients said, "Jade is better than salt, so it must be high." That is, white jade should be as advanced as nitrate. It can be seen that nitrate and jade are difficult to distinguish. However, the facts are different after all. As far as color is concerned, white jade is often blue, and white is rare, while nitrate is pure white. As far as jade is concerned, jade is moist and delicate, as fat as cream. Nitrate is wet, but there are thieves in it. White jade is a natural product, and it is difficult to have a unified structure, including jade ribs and jade flowers. If nitrates are manufactured artificially, there is no such appearance. White jade has a solid texture and no bubbles can be found. No matter how well nitrate is treated, bubbles and pores are often exposed. If you know these items, you won't regard nitrate products as jade articles. How to see the fineness of jade: there are too many kinds of jade, and the identification methods are different. At present, there are many jade ornaments sold in the domestic market, and jade is also a kind of jade. Let me briefly tell you about jade. Listening to the sound is one thing, mainly depends on the fineness of jade. "Jade is rough and abrasive." "Jade is beautiful, but it lies in stone, which is not worth pondering, just like rubble." The truth of these old sayings is that good materials are only the basis for making jade articles, and its value can only be finally reflected through artificial design and carving. The quality of jade work is an important factor to determine the grade of jade. A good jade should have a beautiful and harmonious composition, exquisite craftsmanship and a warm and greasy feeling on the premise of using good jade materials. In addition, the age, historical role, the identity of the possessor and the unique shape of jade works can often affect the value of jade. The name jade itself is related to medicine and comes from Spanish. Jade contains many trace elements such as selenium, zinc, copper, cobalt and manganese. When worn on the body and in contact with the human body for a long time, these beneficial elements will be gradually absorbed by the human body, so that various trace elements in the body can be supplemented, which plays a role in eliminating diseases and strengthening the body. In addition, jade also has the function of stabilizing mood and enhancing people's quick response ability. China is known as "the country of jade". As early as 5000 BC, during Hemudu culture period, jade articles such as Yuhuan and Yuzhu appeared in China, which is the oldest jade culture in human history. There are records in ancient books such as Shangshu, Shan Hai Jing and Gong Yu. It is said that in ancient times, Huangdi, the ancestor of the Chinese nation, gave jade to tribal leaders as a symbol of power. Many emperors' "national wills" were also carved with jade. The story of "river" in history is the cultural embodiment of the spirit of ancient river fire worshipping jade. Jade has a profound relationship with China culture. Some people even divided a jade age in the history of China between the Stone Age and the Bronze Age, which also made sense. In the history of thousands of years of civilization, a material culture can spread for thousands of years, and the only thing that has not been interrupted so far, except ceramics, is probably jade. There are many origins and varieties of jade in China. There are Hetian jade, Ili jade and wine jade in Xinjiang, Xinyi jade (also called Nanyu jade) in Guangdong, xiuyan jade in Liaoning, Shandong jade, Yuchuan jade in Shaanxi and Miyu in Henan, all of which are the best quality jade in China. People in China believe that wearing jade can not only play a decorative role, but also achieve a fitness effect, and it also has the meaning of "good luck, long life, peace and good luck". Emerald has won the reputation of the king of jade with its luxurious, deep and steady character and irreplaceable advantages. Its advantages and disadvantages should be viewed from four aspects: color, transparency, shape and impurities. Color-color is an important link to determine its value. It must be bright and even, and it must be positive. Transparency-Good jadeite has good transparency and fine texture. Green and dark green have a sense of transparency, such as clear spring water, which is endowed with luster and good moisture retention. Shape-the shape, size and thickness of jadeite should be appropriate, and the grinding thickness should be uniform. Impurity-whether the texture is clean or not and whether it contains impurities determines the quality of jadeite. Emerald can't have black spots, spots, cracks and flower marks.