In the village trip, "every valley has the sound of the sunset, and several peaks have no words about the sunset." A sentence is appreciated from two aspects: expression and rhetoric.

1. Grasp the characteristics and implications of the image.

Grasping Bai Juyi's poetic images such as Pipa Trip and I'm seeing a visitor off, maple leaves and rushes rustle in autumn on the Xunyang River at night, and maple leaves, flowers and autumn do not highlight the scenery and seasons, but through the unique attributes of these three images, the environmental atmosphere and the poet's sad mood are rendered.

The images of ancient poetry often combine complexity and simplicity, and combine everything into one, which induces imagination with highly concentrated artistic images and produces peculiar aesthetic effects.

2. Appreciate the artistic conception of poetic blending.

Artistic conception is the core of poetry, and grasping artistic conception is a profound understanding and feeling of poetic images. The most commonly used artistic technique in China's classical poems is to express feelings through images or scenery described, or to express feelings through scenery, or to melt feelings into scenery. Once the natural scenery is captured by the poet, it will inevitably bring the poet's emotional color to serve the expression of the poet's specific feelings, thus making the poem have artistic conception. To appreciate the artistic conception of poetry, we should be able to grasp what kind of scenery, what kind of life pictures, and the scene atmosphere expressed by the combination of pictures, either serene, fresh and elegant, bright and gorgeous, or magnificent, so as to grasp the emotion of poetry, or love natural mountains and rivers, or indifferent to peace, not drifting with the tide, or hate dirty officialdom and yearn for seclusion.

3. Understand the feelings expressed by poets in landscape writing.

Generally speaking, the feelings between the lines in landscape poems are easy to grasp, but some landscape poems that are purely landscape poems on the surface are not so easy to understand. This requires us to have a certain understanding of the author's life experience and background at that time, that is, to know people and discuss the world, so as to accurately understand the feelings expressed by the poet's scenery writing. This involves a question of emotional sustenance. When analyzing poetry, we should carefully judge the depth of emotional sustenance and avoid arbitrarily exaggerating the ideological connotation of the work.

4. Analyze the writing skills and language features of poetry.

There are many ways to write landscapes in pastoral poems. When appreciating pastoral poems, we should mainly pay attention to the common methods and skills of writing landscapes.

A, pay attention to the author's position of observing the scene and the angle of describing the scene, such as the change of height, leaning and warping.

B, master and analyze the author's methods of describing scenery, such as drawing, sound, color, etc. Such as "throwing stones in the air, hitting the shore and rolling up thousands of piles of snow."

C, understand and explain the skills of describing scenery, such as the combination of reality and reality ("Xiao sees red and wet, Jinguancheng flowers are heavy"); Calm down by moving ("the bird is surprised when the moon rises, and the spring stream rings"); Contrast between light and shade ("all the wild clouds are black, and the river boat is only bright"); See the big from the small ("the window contains autumn snow in Xiling, at the gate of Wu Dong Wan Li boating"); Sketch is combined with detail description (There are no birds in the mountains, and there are no footprints in a thousand paths) and "A boat, a bamboo cloak, an old man fishing in Leng Jiang-snow"; The application of bi xing technique and so on.

5. Clarify the commonly used terms in appreciation.

(1). Ideological content-love nature, yearn for freedom, retire, live in seclusion, be leisurely and carefree.

(2) Expression techniques-lyricism (scene blending), combination of reality and reality, combination of motion and static, contrast, line drawing, etc.

(3) Language features-freshness, naturalness, simplicity, naturalness and freshness.

Theme classification According to the main feelings expressed by poets, pastoral poems can be roughly divided into the following categories:

(1) Love nature and mountains and rivers.

In this kind of poems, poets often use passionate pens to express their praise for mountains and rivers and their love for the countryside.

The Hanjiang River faces the Pan-Wangwei.

Three branches in the south reach Chu territory, and nine branches flow to Jingmen. The river crosses heaven and earth, where the colors of the mountains are yes and no.

Du Yi floats on Qianpu, rippling in the distant sky. These beautiful days in Xiangyang have fascinated my old mountain! .

(1) What are the characteristics of the scenery in the third and fourth sentences?

The river is far away, and the green hills on both sides of the river are shrouded in clouds, sometimes hidden and sometimes present.

(2) Which two words are used well in the neckline, find out and analyze them.

"Floating" and "moving". On the surface, the word "floating" means that battlements float on the water, but in fact, the ship is fluctuating up and down. On the surface, the word "move" means that the sky is shaking, but in fact it means that the waves are beating on the shore. (That's right)

(3) Judging from the whole poem, the author reveals the following feelings:

The love of Xiangyang scenery is full of positive and optimistic emotions.

(2) Hate officialdom and yearn for seclusion.

Through the description of landscape and rural life, the poet expressed the filth of secular officialdom, dissatisfaction with reality, pursuit of freedom and desire for seclusion. A farmhouse by the Weihe River.

Wang Wei

In the countryside where the sun is setting, cattle and sheep go home along the path.

There is also a rough old man at the door of the thatched house, leaning against the Hou.

Pheasant (1) embroidered with wheat seedlings, silkworm asleep, peeled mulberry leaves.

Jojo and Fu Tian greet each other cordially.

No wonder I longed for a simple life and sang "Decline" in disappointment.

Note: Pheasants sing. (2) Decline is an article in The Book of Songs, which repeatedly recites: "Decline, Decline, Hu Bugui?"

The word "Gui" in the first couplet of this poem is the key word. What pictures are written around "Gui" in the whole poem? What are the functions of these pictures in the poem? What kind of life pursuit does the poet show? (6 points)

Five pictures were written around the word "return": cattle and sheep returning to the lane, wild old people waiting for children, pheasants calling partners, silkworms nesting, and farmers whispering (just write four pictures) (2 points). There are so many "returns" written in front, which is actually a contrast. Everyone has a return, which reflects that he has no return; Everyone returned in time, cordial and comfortable, which reflected his late retirement and loneliness and depression in officialdom. (2 points) The poet used this to express his feelings of seclusion in the countryside. (2 points)

(3) Indifferent and quiet, with lofty interests.

This kind of poetry often depicts the environment in an extraordinary way and shows the noble interest of the protagonist.

Read the following poem and then answer this question.

Didn't find Lu Hongxian at home.

Jiao ran

He moved his home to the city wall and the country road to Sang Ma's residence.

The chrysanthemum near the fence has not been seen in autumn.

There was no dog barking at the door, so I asked my neighbors in the west.

Report to Dashan and don't return before sunset.

Note: "Dai Guo" means near the outer city.

(1) What characters did the poet portray for us?

It depicts an image of a noble who cares about mountains and rivers and doesn't care about dust.

(2) From which two aspects does this poem describe this image? Please make a concrete analysis with poems.

On the one hand, through the description of the elegant and quiet places in Shoulian and Julian, they indirectly show their noble manners.

"In order to find you, I moved out of the city, and a wide path led me from mulberry to hemp" is quite a secluded charm of Tao Yuanming's "building a house in a human environment, but no horses and chariots". "To a Chrysanthemum, Qiu Lai Not Blooming" points out that the time of the author's visit is crisp in autumn, and also implies the identity of Lu Hung-chien.

On the other hand, the narrative of its whereabouts by the western neighbors of the neck joint is natural and unrestrained. "Go up the mountain and don't return until sunset" and the last two sentences "But which corner of the mountain, how can I tell, through all these clouds?" In Jia Dao's suicide note, it is also the same interest. "Mei" depicts Lu Hung-chien's puzzled expression wandering among mountains and rivers all day when talking to his western neighbors, which sets off his thoughtless demeanor from the side.

(d) Living a leisurely life.

In poetry, the author often creates a quiet, quiet and warm environment to express his love for the living environment and his leisure and indifference to life.

Gu Xia yun quan

Takashi

Clouds shake in the mountains and springs sound at the end of the stream.

There is no June in Changlin, and the autumn is crisp.

Some people say that Gao Yun's landscape poems are "neat and concise, with fresh style". what do you think? Please appreciate the scenery and lyricism of his poem.

This is a landscape poem. In the poem, the author praised the valley clouds and springs in summer. Clouds are floating on the green hills, and the stream makes a sweet spring sound. The dense forest is not as hot as June, and the pineapples and Ficus pumila hanging on the trees exude the chill of autumn. Through the description of the summer valley Woods, the author shows the elegant taste of being uncontested and comfortable.

(5) Complex feelings, to name a few.

There is more than one kind of emotion expressed by the author in his poems, which is often the coexistence of two or more kinds, such as leisure, loneliness, time passing, inability to serve the country and being far away from home.

(Tang) Wang Ji

Gao Dong (1) looks at dusk, and the migration depends on (2) what to do.

Trees are all autumn colors, and mountains are only sparkling.

The shepherd brought the calf back, hunted horses and brought birds back.

Care for no acquaintances, Long song pregnant with Cai Wei. ③

① Gaodong (gāo): the poet's seclusion place.

2 migration: vagrancy.

Cai Wei: There are allusions to ancient hermits Boyi and Shu Qi. King Wu pacified Shang and Zhou Dynasties, Boyi and Shu ate Zhou Su shamefully, hid in shouyangshan, and ate from the European Union.

(1) Please analyze how this poem uses the word "Wang" to describe the scenery hierarchically. (4 points)

The poet looked around. When writing autumn colors, he first drew a quiet and slightly bleak background, and then added close-ups about shepherds and hunting horses to this background, which made the whole picture move and created an idyllic atmosphere. (Or answer: Poetry pays attention to the combination of static beauty and dynamic beauty from distant view to close view, which just shows the simple beauty of Shan Ye and autumn scenery's "no makeup") (Rating: the picture is required to change from static to dynamic; Can tell the natural and simple overall style of the whole picture)

(2) Combined with the whole poem, what kind of mood did the author show when describing Shan Ye and autumn scenery? (4 points)

In a carefree mood, with a little hesitation and frustration; (That's right)

Appreciate examples

Country night

Pretend to be relaxed

In a piece of autumn grass that was grayed by frost, insects were whispering, and everyone around the mountain village disappeared.

I went to the front door alone and looked out at the field. I saw the bright moonlight shining on the endless buckwheat field, and the buckwheat flowers were like a dazzling snowflake.

How has the poet's mood changed? How does this poem express this change?

Loneliness-I want to get rid of boredom-I forget loneliness because of surprise. Poets write about changes in feelings through changes in scenery.

Appreciation: "Frost weeds are in a hurry, and there are no people in the south of the village." The two sentences are handy, the atmosphere is elegant and sad, giving people a sense of loneliness and depression, reflecting the poet's loneliness from the side, full of feelings in the scenery, rather than direct lyric. The lonely poet "watching Noda before going out alone" seems to be trying to relieve boredom. "When is the bright moon, and the wheat flowers are like snow", the scenery is light and bright, and the poet's mood is bound to be satisfied immediately. .

The scenery, tone and atmosphere before and after the whole poem are different, forming a sharp contrast. The poet skillfully reflects the subtle changes in the poet's mood with the help of the changes in the color of the scenery. The conversion is flexible, seamless, unpretentious and natural.

What is bitter is agriculture, rural areas and farmers. Get a plow and look forward to a good year.

【 Note 】 ① Agriculture, countryside and farmers: refer to spring ploughing, summer sowing and autumn harvest.

(1) What kind of picture does Shangque's sentence "A few beautiful branches are crying red" show? Did the author write this sentence to cherish spring? Why?

(2) Try to analyze the content of Xiaque and the thoughts and feelings expressed by the author in the poem.

Cunhang

Yucheng Wang

The horse crossed the chrysanthemum and crossed the mountain road, leaving the horse to walk freely.

Listen to the sound of thousands of valleys at night and watch some peaks silent in the sunset.

The leaves of huanghuali are as red as rouge, and the fragrance of buckwheat flowers is as white as snow.

To my dismay, the village bridge is like my hometown!

Note: This poem was written by Wang Yucheng when he was demoted to the vice history of Shangzhou in the second year of Chunhua.