Who can tell me an anecdote about ancient taboos?

Refers to the taboo that all subjects of the country, even the emperor himself, must abide by. This refers to the names of the emperor himself and his father; Therefore, it is also called jun taboo and public taboo. Later, it was extended to the names of the Empress and her grandparents, the words of the Emperor, the year number of the previous generation, the name of Empress posthumous title, the Empress's Mausoleum, the Emperor's Zodiac and so on.

The first month of the lunar calendar was originally called "political month" in ancient times, because the ancient emperor had to accept the sacrifices of civil and military officials in the first month of the year to decide the political affairs of the year. During the Qin Dynasty, Qin Shihuang was born in January and was named "Ying Zheng". Later, the word "political month" was changed to "the first month". The word "levy" in the first month no longer reads "politics" but "levy".

Qin Shihuang's father was named, so he changed Chu to Jing.

Lv Hou's name is pheasant. The word pheasant was used at that time, not pheasant.

Emperor Wen of Han named Liu Heng emperor, so he changed Heng 'an to Chang 'e and Hengshan to Changshan.

The name of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was Liu Che, and there was a famous debater named Kuaiche in the early Han Dynasty. In the history books, Kuaiche was renamed "Kuai Tong".

Han Guangdi's name is Liu Xiu. He once changed the name of a scholar to "Cai Mao".

Emperor Han Ming's real name was Liu Zhuang, but at that time he changed Zhuangzi to Yanzi.

Zhao Zhen, a famous Song Renzong, had to change the word "steamed" into "boiled" for steamed bread and steamed buns.

What's more, in Song Gaozong's famous name structure, in order to avoid the word "structure", the word "enough" has reached more than 50!

Wang Qiang used the word Zhaojun, avoiding Si Mazhao, the emperor of Jin Dynasty, and renamed him "Mingjun" or "Fei Ming".

In Jian Wendi, in the Jin Dynasty, the small character A Chun was used as the title of the book and was changed to "Yang Qiu". Autumn in Jinyang is a history book written by Sun Sheng, a native of A Jin.

Emperor Taizong took the people as his name. In the Tang Dynasty, the word "Dai" replaced the word "Ren" and the word "Min" replaced the word "Ren". Guanyin is referred to as "Guanyin" for short, and the Ministry of Civil Affairs changed its name to "Hubu".

The dress of the Jurchen nationality in the Tang Dynasty belonged to the Khitan nationality, so it was renamed as "Nvzhi" because it was taboo to the main clan of the Khitan nationality.

Tang Daizong is famous for jade, and yam was once renamed as "potato medicine"; In Shu Ming, Song Yingzong, potato medicine was renamed "Yam".

Fu Lin, the ancestor of the first emperor who entered the Qing Dynasty, wrote a letter to Boone to ease ethnic conflicts. The chartered subjects did not shy away from the word "fu", pretending to say, "You can't be alone, which will make the whole world unhappy." However, before the blood was dried, there were appalling literary inquisitions in the Qing Dynasty, many of which involved strange taboo words.

During the reign of Emperor Kangxi, Zhu Guozhen, a scholar of the Ming Dynasty, wrote the name of Nurhachi, the founding emperor of the Qing Dynasty, in Shu Ming and published it under the pseudonym of Zhuang Tingyi of the Qing Dynasty. Hundreds of people participated in publishing, revising, proofreading, prefacing, signing, lettering, printing, selling books, collecting books and serving as officials, and more than 70 people were executed.

During the Yongzheng period, examiner Cha Siting chose "Wei Minzhi" in The Book of Songs as the test question. It is reported that the word "Wei Zhi" in the question implies that "Yongzheng" was beheaded, his son was beheaded, and his brother and nephew were exiled.

During the Qianlong period, Hu Zhongzao, a bachelor of cabinet, cited the divination theory of the Book of Changes and took "three obstinacies are not like dragons" as the test question. There is the word "Qianlong" in the title, and dragons are homophonic, so it is judged that Emperor Qianlong was sent to the guillotine. Wang Xihou, a juren, edited Emperor Kangxi's Dictionary and rewritten it into Zi Guan, which violated the names of Emperor Kangxi, Emperor Yongzheng and Emperor Qianlong, was beheaded, and government officials were also convicted of dereliction of duty.

Taboo refers to avoiding mentioning the names of fathers and ancestors in the family. All fathers and grandfathers whose names are so-and-so must avoid things named after them when speaking, doing and writing articles. It is actually an extension of national taboos, which is the same as the embodiment of feudal hierarchy and ethical concepts. Also known as private taboo.

For example, Liu An, the king of Huainan, whose father's name is long, changed his reference to "high and low, short and pithy" in Su Xun, the son of Huainan.

The father of Xie Chaozong in Nanqi is Feng. Once he went to Wang Sengqian, and then he went to see his son Wang Ci. Wang Ci is practicing calligraphy. At that time, Wang was famous for his calligraphy. Seeing Wang Ci practicing calligraphy, Xie Lingchao casually asked, "How does your calligraphy compare with piety?" Because he violated the family taboo, Wang Ci replied rudely: "Compared with my father, I am a chicken than a phoenix." . Xie Chaozong retreated in panic.

There was a man named Chen Wang in the Jin Dynasty. One day he went to visit Huan Xuan. Huan Xuan entertained him with wine. Because Wang Chen had just taken the medicine and avoided cold wine, he called his servant "warm wine." Unexpectedly, Huan Xuan burst into tears after hearing this. It turned out that his father's name was Huan Wen, and he would cry when he heard the word "warm". Wang Chen was bored and had to leave in a hurry.

Nowadays, I'm afraid no one will cry because they hear the same words as their parents' names. In ancient China, such things were common, and such people would gain the respect of others.

This way will also become a means to crowd out dissidents and attack the enemy. Yin Jun of the Southern Liang Dynasty was quiet and studious, and went to the countryside to offer wine. Emperor Wu ordered him to marry Princess Yongxing, but Princess Yongxing didn't like him very much. Every time he calls in, he orders people to write his father's name on the wall. In ancient times, such people also emerged in an endless stream and were proud of it.

Yuan Deshi doesn't eat cake because his father is famous. Xu Jifu never used stone tools because his father's stones are famous. He didn't step on a stone, but when he met a stone bridge that he had to cross, he let people run behind his back. In the Northern Song Dynasty, Lu Xichun insisted on writing for a long time because his father was famous. Liu Wensou never listened to music all his life, because his father was a famous Yueguo, and he had never visited wuyue such as Song Yue and Huashan. Wei Ji's father is famous for his music. Because music is a polyphonic word, it can be read as both music and happy music. Therefore, Wei Ji not only doesn't listen to music, he doesn't travel to Da Yue in the mountains, he doesn't drink and have fun, and he doesn't even take part in activities that can make him "happy". It is really unreasonable.

Perhaps the most regrettable thing is Li He, known as the "Shi Gui" of the Tang Dynasty. Just because his father's name is Jin Su, and the pronunciation of "Jin" and "Jin" is the same, he was forbidden to take the Jinshi exam. Even though he was brilliant, he was useless and frustrated all his life. He died at the age of 27. Han Yu was so angry that he wrote "Debate on Taboo" and asked: "If the father's name is Jin Su, the son can't take the Jinshi exam; If the father's surname is Ren, isn't the son human? " However, his articles were attacked and slandered by literati.

Family taboos are not all from fathers, but also from mothers. Du Fu was a great poet in the Tang Dynasty and was known as a poet saint. He wrote nearly 3000 poems in his life, covering a wide range of topics. However, it is said that although his mother's name is Haitang, she has lived in Sichuan where Haitang is famous for many years, but she has never written a poem about Haitang.

Children need to avoid the taboos of their elders, and slaves should also avoid the taboos of all their masters. An Xiong of Beiqi once went to see He Shikai and Xu Zhicai. Xu's father's name is bear, and his father's name is Ann. Because his name is taboo with them, he changed the first word of his surname and first name and called himself Yan Sheng. In order to please my master, I am not afraid of my own bad luck.

There are many such examples in A Dream of Red Mansions. Lin Zhixiao's daughter, formerly known as Hongyu, had to be renamed Xiaohong because Baoyu was taboo. Guo Pan's wife's name is Xia Jingui, which is even worse. When she is at home, she is not allowed to take the word "precious" out of the population. Anyone who is careless and misleads words will be severely punished. One day when she was talking to Xiangling, Xiangling accidentally forgot her taboo. Jingui's maid said, "Go to hell! What's the name of the girl? "

Anyone who avoids it must find a word with the same meaning to replace it. Sima Qian's father didn't dare to talk about it, so there was no word "talk" in Historical Records, and even Zhao Tan was changed to Zhao Tong, abandoning the purpose of compiling books and making characters complete. Su Dongpo, a great writer in the Song Dynasty, never prefaces others for fear of "prefacing". If he had to write this kind of thing, he changed it to "narrative", and later he changed it to "quotation" because he felt it was inappropriate. Although this method is barely feasible, it has obviously hindered the accuracy of the text. If we avoid the word "long" and the homonym of "long", the length of the piano can barely be called "pruning", but the kidney and intestine can't be changed to "kidney pruning", so people at that time really tried their best to avoid taboos.

There is a story about a smart wife in China: there was a smart wife whose father-in-law was named Wang Jiu. One day, Wang Jiu's friend Zhang Jiu invited him to drink, one with a pot of wine and the other with leeks. As Wang Jiu is not at home, please ask this daughter-in-law to give him a message. When Wang Jiu came back, his daughter-in-law said to him, "Zhang Sansan and Li Siwu, one with many cups and the other with Ma Lian food, invited my father-in-law to a banquet."

Fortunately, she is a clever daughter-in-law, but she also made her words clear in a roundabout way. What happens if you meet a silly daughter-in-law? Legend has it that the relatives of a woman's husband have names such as sheep, wolf, river and reed. Once she told her husband that a wolf was stealing sheep from the reeds on the other side of the river and said, "Look! In the Seeker on the other side of the thrush, a howler is dragging a baa. " I'm afraid this is the ultimate in avoiding family secrets.

Taboos are also protected by law. It is stipulated in the Law of the Tang Dynasty that anyone whose official name or government number violates the taboo of his parents is not allowed to "live a glorious life". For example, anyone whose father and mother are called An may not work in Chang 'an County. If there is the word "Chang" in the father's name, he may not be appointed as an official of Taichang Temple. If I accept my official position without making any changes, once I find out, I will be deprived of my official position and punished for one year. No wonder people in ancient times were afraid to avoid it. However, compared with national taboos, family taboos contain feelings of respect, admiration and nostalgia for elders, and are more self-generated.