"Indoor Bonsai" The son of Kangxi, a scholar in the history of the Qing Dynasty, is a pillar

I go to school at four o'clock in the morning and rest for six and a half days a year.

Emperor Long, his younger brother and Prince Hongzhou are studying in the study at the same time, and Prince Bao is the first to finish all the homework every time. When he was idle, Fumin also asked him to preview the next day's course in advance after studying for one day, so that he could review it when studying tomorrow. But every time Bao Gong finishes all the extra homework, the poor brother and the prince's people are still doing their homework, so they can't do it after school. At this time, Fumin said to Bao Gong, "Your brother is still working hard here. How can you retreat ahead of time without waiting for him? " So he was assigned a new task. When Emperor Long recalled this story after he ascended the throne, he mentioned the teacher's kindness.

as for prince's day, you may not believe it. Nowadays, students have winter vacation, summer vacation, big vacation, small vacation and weekends. This year, they can rest for nearly half a year. Even students in Grade Three and Grade Three can take a few days off as mediators from time to time in difficult times. But these little princes, from the age of six, have only one New Year's Day, one Dragon Boat Festival and one Mid-Autumn Festival, one for himself and two for his father. They can leave half a day early on New Year's Eve, and there will be no other holidays. At that time, there was no seven days a week, and there was no concept of weekends. So it is difficult for these little princes to spend a fraction of 365 days together.

Some activities were also part of the study of Qing emperors. For example, in the "Mulan Qiu Yi" activities that Qing emperors often participated in, we can often see the figure of the prince. In addition, there are some sacrificial activities in the court, and sometimes the prince will do it for them. Of course, in order to cultivate the political ability of these governors, they are sometimes asked to participate in some state affairs and even cultural activities, such as compiling Sikuquanshu. Don't forget to let the prince be the editor. These activities fully exercised their abilities.

The place where the princes study is in the corridor on the east side of Gan Qing Gate, which is called "Shangshufang". They started school at the age of six. As for the graduation age, there is basically no fixed requirement. Some princes even have to study until they are about 3 years old.

The prince's strict daily schedule may be unbelievable to people today: he arrives at school at 4 o'clock in the morning and finishes school at 4 o'clock in the afternoon. As soon as the prince arrived at school early in the morning, he began to "read early", that is, read the scriptures he had learned a few days ago or preview what he would explain that day. Although you are a prince, they never dare to ignore it, because Xueba always checks everyone's homework, but the teacher's inspection is nothing compared with the emperor's spot check, because once something goes wrong with the emperor's spot check, either the students are punished or the teacher is unlucky. When teachers have problems in teaching, the emperor directly changed from parents to the head and director of the education Committee, and punished the teachers by deducting wages, or even directly dismissed or punished the teachers. Think of it this way. If a teacher wants to be a good person, he must work hard.

The prince's teachers are all graded, and the highest grade is the "master teacher" mentioned just now, which is a bit like the academic director of the school. There are several masters below, that is, teachers in various disciplines. The contents of these masters and professors are basically Confucian classics in China culture. Manchu is taught by Anda at the next level. Besides Manchu, there is also Mongolian. Mongolian and Chinese can be regarded as "foreign languages" of princes. However, due to the profound influence of China culture, they pay more attention to Chinese learning than Manchu people. In contrast, Manda's Manchu teaching has obvious disciplinary advantages over Manda's Mongolian teaching, while Manda's treatment is different. -Manda's Mongolian must be spoken standing, while Manda's Manchu can be spoken sitting. After all, Manda is also the mother tongue of princes.

The prince's regular class begins in physical education class, and the lecturer is responsible for teaching "Anda", that is, "Polyanda". Bow and arrow is the most traditional sport of Manchu. During the Shunnian period, an "Arrow Pavilion" was built in the Forbidden City to remind Manchu descendants not to forget the roots of martial arts. It can be seen that the Qing royal family attached great importance to this.

After physical education class, there is a Mongolian class. Because of the close relationship between the Qing Dynasty and Mongolian tribes, even the creation of Manchu language directly involved Mongols. Many Empresses in Qing Dynasty were also Mongolians, so Mongolians had a language environment in the palace. Every year, the royal family and the Mongolian prince get together, and the prince also has the opportunity to attend, so he can often practice Mongolian. This is what our English teaching lacks: children have no language environment in their lives except for 4 minutes of class. Therefore, it is inevitable for students to study hard and not practice.

After the Mongolian class, you will learn Manchu, your mother tongue. Manchu language teaching in Qing Dynasty paid attention to language itself and translation. When the emperor communicates with his family or ethnic group, he often uses Manchu. Therefore, it is estimated that more than 95% of the audience can't understand the Qing Palace drama now, and even the empresses can't understand whether it is a compliment or a curse. The prince doesn't learn Manchu for a long time every day, about an hour, and the rest of the time is basically based on the super major of Chinese.

Chinese teaching in Qing dynasty was different from today. The course in the study room is particularly detailed: after the above study, the princes will have breakfast and have a rest. After that, the Chinese class in the morning is basically to review what you have learned before and talk about the content of the day. After lunch, you will learn Chinese characters, read ancient Chinese, read poems and so on. Basically, all princes can finish school at around 4 pm every day. Interestingly, some teachers ask individual students to receive counseling alone.

the emperor told the teacher to strictly control the prince.

in the Qing dynasty, princes generally respected their teachers. As parents, the emperor also played a very good role, set an example for the princes, and truly respected the teacher and paid attention to the road. In the first year of Yongzheng, the study was opened, and Yongzheng preached: "Prepare tables and chairs and put books and ink." The prince salutes the teacher. You should persuade them to accept it. If they don't accept it, let the governors give their seats to the teachers and bow, let them know the importance of respecting the teachers and do their best to give them lessons. As for the teacher's meal, you should also prepare it carefully. In the first year of Qianlong, Emperor Qianlong also said to the masters, "To cultivate noble sentiments, we must start with teenagers." You can teach wholeheartedly. If there are some disobedient people, be strict. Since ancient times, the prince will understand these truths when he grows up. "This is very much like the tone of parents now. This shows that from ancient times to the present, both emperors and ordinary people are eager for Jackie Chan. The poor inherited the wind!

It is worth mentioning that Zhu Gui, the teacher of Emperor Jiaqing, and Du Shoutian, the teacher of Emperor Xianfeng. Zhu Gui was an upright man and a famous official in Qing Dynasty. Emperor Jiaqing commented on him like this: he spent half his life alone, but he never talked about money all his life. The second half of this sentence is easy to understand. The first half refers to the death of Master Zhu's ex-wife in her forties. Because the relationship between husband and wife is very good, he hasn't married again for more than 3 years. After Zhu Gui's death, Emperor Jiaqing wrote three letters, presided over the memorial service and buried the teachers. And personally went to the teacher's house to mourn. But teacher Zhu's house is too shabby, and the gate is too short for the emperor's sedan chair to get in. Emperor Jiaqing can only get off the sedan chair to pay his respects, which shows that they have deep affection between teachers and students.

He is the teacher of Emperor Xianfeng of Du Shoutian. There is an interesting historical record about the past. Among the Daoguang emperors, Xianfeng was inferior to his sixth brother in ability and talent. Therefore, in order to make his students stand out, Mr. Du personally taught him how to hide his shortcomings on various occasions. Once Daoguang went out hunting with his ministers. Xianfeng was just not good at this kind of activity, so at the behest of Teacher Du, he just sat and watched the ministers try their best to hunt. Other brothers asked him, but he only said that he was unwell. When he went back to show the spoils to Daoguang Emperor, Yi Jianlian excitedly showed his captured spoils, while Xianfeng showed the emptiness in his hands. So Daoguang naturally began to ask why this happened. At this time, his reason came to a 18-degree turn: "This is spring, the time for everything to recover. How can I bear to poison these creatures for my own sake? " After listening to this, I was so excited that I burst into tears and repeatedly said that this is the real monarch. Have you ever seen the obvious super disadvantage instantly transformed into the virtue of the benevolent under the guidance of the teacher? This is enough to see the influence of famous teachers on students.

friendship belongs to friendship. There are some rules in this study, which sometimes make people feel a little harsh. Every morning, the waiter will deliver two lunches, breakfast at 7: 3 and lunch at 12: to the ground floor of the study. But if a prince doesn't finish his homework at this time, it will only delay everyone's dinner time, and he can't go to eat until his master thinks he has finished his task. No attendants or eunuchs dare to urge their masters, because they know that the consequences of urging are unimaginable.

Many people will ask, does the prince have a break like the students now? To tell the truth, they did have a rest, but the rule in the palace is that they can't rest more than twice a day, except for brunch, and each rest time can't exceed 15 minutes. In addition, only the owner is allowed to rest. Each classroom is equipped with a pointer, and the owner can punish the prince who violates the rules and regulations at any time. However, the teachers also realized that no one dared to whip these grandchildren with a pointer. At most, he was punished for copying books or reading texts silently. The most serious thing is to let the princes stand and listen. These methods have basically continued until now.

The prince's attendants must wait outside the classroom honestly while reading. If they walk around or talk loudly, the consequences will be unimaginable.

The punishment is also severe for princes or teachers who violate discipline. During the Qianlong period, when the emperor was studying in Yuanmingyuan, he found that the prince was absent from school. As a result, he severely reprimanded the prince. What is even more frustrating is that the teachers involved in the study were also implicated because they did not report the absence of the prince in time. It is a "demerit" to record this matter completely today and post it in the form of "publicity". In the last year of Qianlong's court, some teachers in the study were found to be "absent from class", and the furious emperor severely punished all the teachers concerned, including the famous adult Liu Yong.

Snow Overlord

Under such a strict education system, there are many "schoolmasters" in Wang Zizhong. Emperor Kangxi was very studious when he was a prince. He studied astronomy, mathematics, geography and Latin for missionaries such as Ferdinand Wilbur. Emperor Kangxi was highly accomplished in mathematics. Nowadays, the elements, time and roots in mathematical equations have been translated into Chinese, and it is said that he created them. If today's mathematicians compete with Kangxi in solving equations, they may not win. Perhaps, having inherited his father's high IQ, almost all the princes of Emperor Kangxi are excellent materials. Unfortunately, the emperor can only use it for himself, and the losers in competition often become prisoners. But even so, their talents cannot be erased. The following are some achievements of the prince, so that everyone can appreciate the elegance of Xueba.

Yin Zhijun, the third son of Kangxi, is a famous cultural figure. The greatest achievement of his life is to organize scholars to write two books: The Origin of Law and Calendar and The Integration of Ancient and Modern Books. Don't underestimate these two sets of books. The former is divided into three volumes, namely astronomical calendar, music and mathematics. Especially the mathematics volume, it was almost the most authoritative encyclopedia of mathematics at that time. It is an all-encompassing encyclopedia. In addition to the above achievements, Yin Zhijun is particularly good at calligraphy. Emperor Kangxi wrote an inscription on the Shen Gong Monument of Jinling Shengde. Unfortunately, this schoolmaster was eventually involved in the battle for the crown prince and was permanently imprisoned in Yong 'an Pavilion in Jingshan by Yong Zhengdi.

Nine sons of Kangxi, born in Guo, was a famous imperial concubine and foreign language genius in Qing Dynasty. Because I was very ill when I was a child, I almost died and was finally cured by westerners. From then on, he liked Europeans very much and was curious about western culture. Besides Mongolian and Chinese, he also taught himself Russian. He can even mark his hometown Manchu with Latin letters, which are very close to Russian letters, thus creating a style dedicated to avoiding political enemies and writing letters to family and cronies. Of course, in the end, this invention became one of his charges. Besides writing, the prince's other hobby is invention. For example, in the Western Expedition on May 14th, he personally drew a chariot structure and sent it to the front, showing his profound knowledge. Unfortunately, he was finally involved in a dispute about the storage location. His ancestral home was demolished to support the eight sons of the emperor. He changed his name to "Seth Black" and died in prison.

Li Hongzhang was emperor Qianlong. This is a super university bully. The Dragon Emperor's attainments in China culture are beyond everyone's reach. Qingyi Garden was designed by him personally and has been listed as a world cultural heritage. He wrote many poems in his life. Although there are not many fine works, the total number exceeds the sum of all Tang poems. In the forty-five years of Qianlong, in order to welcome the birthday of the Sixth Panchen Lama, Emperor Qianlong began to learn Tibetan. In a short time, it reached the level of discussing jurisprudence in Tibetan and Panchen Lama. In addition, Emperor Qianlong was also a famous calligrapher and cultural relic connoisseur.

Yongzheng, son of Qianlong Xi, was a famous calligrapher. His calligraphy, together with Liu Yong, Weng Fanggang and Tie Bao, is also known as the "Four Schools of Ganlong". His calligraphy works borrowed from Zhao Meng and Ou Yangxun, but they did not stick to the rules, but took a unique road of innovation. However, this snow bully has a very puzzling shortcoming: meanness. It is more stingy than ordinary people. His beloved horse died. It should have been buried out of human feelings, but Xueba proposed to cut the horse into eight pieces and hold a "feast" for all the horses. When his daughter-in-law got married, Master Wang confiscated all the dowry, euphemistically calling it his custody. Even in his own office, he built a building as a vault for money. Salary, money for selling calligraphy and painting, and money for others to commemorate him can only be obtained. They are all in the vault. It's a bit like reading a book and becoming a nerd.