Orphan of Zhao is a good TV play. Is this really the case in history?

The orphan of Zhao is a real historical event. Literary works such as The Orphan of Zhao in Yuan Zaju and The Orphan of Zhao directed by Chen Kaige today have interpreted the story of the orphan of Zhao in many ways through drama and film, but literary works are literature after all and cannot be regarded as historical facts.

First, the orphan of Zhao in history:

"orphan of Zhao" is. Won the surname Zhao. During the Spring and Autumn Period, a great minister, politician and diplomat of the State of Jin was a virtuous minister who was loyal to the country, and later served as Zhengqing. Born in a famous family, when she was young, her mother was at odds with her uncle and moved to the palace with her mother. Xia Gong was in trouble. After Zhao's genocide, he fought alone. Before 573, Duke Mourn of Jin regarded it as the Qing Dynasty. In 548 BC, under the rule of Fan, Jin cultivated Wen De again, giving up the war, the Zhao royal family and the Chu soldiers. Jin and Chu are divided into tyrants, and the former wins even more. Adhering to the legacy of mourning for the public, together with Han Qi and Xun, he contained Fan and Xun. However, state-owned assets exist privately, and six ministers are outstanding, and ministers occupy important positions. However, the corruption of public officials and the danger of the country made Wu Zhao miserable. He died of depression in 54 1 year BC.

Second, the reference:

1, Zhao Fuxing Woods, a key figure in the state of Jin, survived, and he revived Zhao. At the beginning of the succession, Zhao Fang took care of his family and was supported by Han Jue, which was difficult to maintain. As an official, he was in a difficult situation, inspired by sages such as Shi Xie and Zhang Lao, and determined to serve his country. After the death of the public, it was promoted to Qing. Wu Zhao is very popular and cooperates with Han Qi. In 562 A.D., Zheng was promoted to Jin Taifu, and he succeeded in mourning for the public. He wanted to create a prosperous time with Wu Zhao and Han Qi, but he had an abortion because of his untimely death. Kim lost her future. In 548, Wu Zhao came to power. He followed the historical trend, urged the troops to stay in Xiu De and restrained the war, which won precious peace for the Central Plains, created a stable external environment for the perfection and further reform of the "Qing Shi Lu" system, promoted social progress, and completed the historical mission entrusted to him by God. In his later years, Wu Zhao respected the royal family, served the public, respected ministers, allied governors, gained Qin as a friend, and respected Jingchu, which won wide acclaim from the world. However, as Shi Qing, he could not eradicate the harm of Shi Qing's Shilu system to the ancestral temple of Jin State. Instead, he was miserable because of the decline of his official position, and eventually he was imprisoned and died of depression.

2. There is no Tu'an Gu in Zuo Zhuan. Zhuang Ji, the mother of Wu Zhao, and the widow of Zhao Shuo are the chief culprits of Zhao Gu. Zhuang Ji had an affair with Zhao Shuo's uncle Zhao Ying, who was expelled to Qi by Zhao Tong and Zhao Kuo. In 583, Zhao Zhuangji, Luan Shi (Luan Shu) and Xi (Miao Qiang) framed Zhao Tong and Zhao Kuo for rebellion and were killed together. In order to repay Zhao's failure, Han Jue recommended Zhao Shuo's son to inherit Zhao's family. The difference between Zuo Zhuan and Shi Zhao Ji Shi Jia: Zhao Shuo and Zhao Ying were not killed. Zhao Zhuangji is not a victim, but a criminal. There is no core story about, and Gongsun in The Orphan of Zhao. Historical Records Zhao Shijia was written according to the historical materials of Zhao in the Warring States Period. Many scholars in ancient and modern times think that these historical materials are untrue, which is a stain on Zhao's taboo ancestors. Only the records in Zuo Zhuan can reflect the truth of the matter. A circumstantial evidence is that Zhao Tong and Zhao Kuo recorded their activities between 597 and 583, so they should have died in 583, the year of Wu Zhao's revenge recorded in Historical Records of Zhao.

3. Records of the Zhao family in Historical Records:

Also known as Zhao Wenzi (598- 54 BC1), Zhao's orphan. Doctors in the state of Jin in the Spring and Autumn Period. The doctor's grandson and Zhao Shuo's son, Zhao Shuo's mother is Jin Chenggong's daughter, which is historically called (it is not true that Zhao recorded Jin Chenggong's daughter in history books, but it is Sima Qian's fault). Everyone knows Zhao Meng, the ruling doctor of the State of Jin in the Spring and Autumn Period. Zhao is a native of Jin, and his great-grandfather Zhao Shuai was a doctor who helped Wen Gong succeed. His grandfather, Zhao Dun, was the prime minister of the State of Jin, and experienced three dynasties: Xianggong, Gong Ling and Chenggong. His father Zhao Shuo succeeded him as a doctor when he was in Duke Jing of Jin. His sons are Zhao Cheng, Zi, Shi and Sun Zhaoyang.

In the third year of Duke Jing of Jin (597 BC), Tu'an Gu, a doctor and shepherd of the State of Jin, attempted to rebel and control the regime of the State of Jin, determined to destroy Zhao first. So he killed Zhao Shuo, Zhao Tong, Zhao Kuo and Zhao by sending troops to attack the Summer Palace without authorization. Destroy Zhao's family. Zhao Shuo's wife is Jin Jinggong's sister. She was pregnant and fled to the palace to escape. Soon, a boy was born. He is the famous orphan of Zhao in history. According to "Historical Records of Zhao Family", when he entered the palace to find orphans, Zhao Shuo's wife hid the orphans in the trouser stall and wanted to tell: "Zhao's family is extinct, if it is a number; That is, it will not go out, if it is silent. " Sure enough, in the process of searching, the orphan didn't make any noise. Later, the orphan was finally rescued by Gongsun Chujiu, a janitor in Zhao Shuo, and Cheng Ying, a friend of Zhao Shuo. Gongsun gave his life for this, and hid in the mountains with orphans.

In AD 15, with the efforts of Han Biao, a famous doctor in Jin Dynasty, Duke Jing of Jin rehabilitated Zhao's unjust imprisonment, sent troops to attack and destroy him, became a doctor, and restored Zhao's land fief. In the 12th year of Jin Pinggong (546 BC), Wu Zhao Ren Zhengqing presided over the government affairs of the State of Jin and represented Shangqiu, the capital of the State of Jin, in the garrison conference. The suggestion of stationing troops this time was put forward by the doctor to Xu, which actually reflected the policy of restraining Wu Yangwen. He has always advocated reducing the tributary of vassal States to the overlord and strengthening the etiquette requirements so that all countries can act according to etiquette and maintain the peace situation. As early as ten years in Jin Pinggong (548 BC), he died. He said, "From now on, there are very few soldiers. ..... If you respect the ceremony, you can use the words of the Tao to calm the princes and the soldiers can wait for them. " Therefore, the state of Jin first responded to Xu's suggestion and stationed troops. In the alliance, Wu Zhao showed the attitude of maintaining peace, attaching importance to faith and respecting ceremony, which made the withdrawal activities effective. The military meeting was jointly sponsored by Jin and Chu, and representatives from Jin, Chu, Lu, Song, Cai, Wei, Chen, Zheng and Cao all attended. The General Assembly unanimously agreed that Jin and Chu should stop fighting and * * * should be the king.

Hosting the Chu Jin Army Congress is an important political and diplomatic activity that Wu Zhao participated in all his life. This activity not only expanded the influence in vassal states, but also improved Zhao's political status in China. In the 13th year of Jin Pinggong (545 BC), Ji Ling, son of Yan State, came to Jin State. Yan made a survey of the political situation in the state of Jin at that time and came to a conclusion. He said: "The political chess pieces of Jin State are Zhao Wuzi, Han Zixuan and Wei Xianzi!" Later, it was proved that Yanling ji zi's argument was completely practical.

During Wu Zhao's reign, he pursued a steady and peaceful political line in domestic and international affairs. Although he did not make outstanding achievements, he preserved the strength of Jin State and maintained its hegemonic position. In the competition with Chu, he is not obviously at a disadvantage, but he still has some merits. Therefore, Wu Qi, a doctor in the Jin Dynasty, once said to Wu Zhao, "Teachers and disciples are not tired, the country is not tired, the people are not slandered, the ministers are not resentful, and there is no catastrophe in heaven, and the power of the children is also."

In order to safeguard the merits of soldiers, Wu Zhao was once a "doctor of ministers" and forged many alliances. In the year of his death (seventeen years), he joined forces with Chu, Qi, Song, Wei, Chen, Cai, Zheng, Xu, Cao and other countries in Guo (Dongguo, now Guxing Town, North Zhengzhou, Henan Province) to review the agreement reached during the Song Huimeng and maintain the armistice between the vassal States. It may have something to do with his early exile. In his later years, Wu Zhao always felt that his body and mind were failing, and his disappointment was beyond words. For example, he said to Liu, the envoy of the Zhou royal family, "We steal food (drag out an ignoble existence) and don't plan for the future." He said to Qin's son, "Who can stay for five years?" Feeling overworked and tired of diligence, answering guests shows signs of eternity. After Wu Zhao died, he was named Wen Zi. After the arrival of Wu Zhao III, Zhi Bo was destroyed by Han, Zhao and Wei, and the three tribes were divided into Jin.